THE ROLE OF GREEN SPACES IN BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF SUNN PEST (Eurygaster spp. (Scutellaridae: Heteroptera)) KONYA

Abstract

Natural or man-made, green spaces has now taken on a new value and function, the importance of which is widely acclaimed within the parameters of sustainable development. The protection of natural balance and biodiversity are one of the most important functions of green spaces. The increasing importance of biological control against pests had also recently increased the importance of green spaces in terms of plant protection. Then, the improving of environmental conditions of local natural enemies located in the food chain is vital precaution in the biological control. Afforestation and arrangement of green space is the first and most important step to be taken in this regard.

In Konya Province of Turkey, 1-1.25 million hectares of cereal are grown in every year, and therefore it called as “Cereal store of the country”. Sunn pest (Eurygaster spp.) is the most important cereal pest in Turkey. Chemical control measures started in 1950’s have been carried out increasingly. Trissolcus spp. (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) is the most effective biological control agent to decrease the population level of the Sunn pest. However these parasitoids are generally present in Turkey, except a few parts where polyculture farming is widespread; they are insufficient to solve the problem. Thus, to increase their population and be more effective they should be supported.

It is a known fact that there are few studies on “protection and creation of green spaces in nature regarding to natural enemy-host relations” which is thought to provide great contributions to biological control of the problem. However, in near future, in terms of frame of IPM, the importance of this subject will definitely further increase

The Turkish ministry of agriculture has started national sunn pests project in 2004 to develop and dissemination of biological control.

In this study, the afforestation efforts aimed supporting IPM studies against sunn pests in Konya province are summarized. Additionally, some recommendations were developed about gren space planning and plant species which can be useful in that planning.

Keywords

• Konya,Turkey,Green spaces,Sunn pest

References

1. Acar R, Ünver A, Arslan D, Özcan MM, Güneş A (2011). Effect of Plant Parts and Harvest Period on Rutin, Quercetin, Total Phenol Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) Cultivated in Turkey. Asian J. of Chemistry, 23(7):3240- 3242
2. Acar B, Acar R, Uzan B, Direk M (2014). Effect of Different Irrigation Levels on Forages Water Melon Yield in Middle Anatolian Region of Turkey. International J. of Agriculture and Economic Development, 2(1), 10-15
3. Acar R, Coşkun B, Özcan MM, Özcan C, Özköse A, Koç N (2015). The Importance and Agricutural Usage of Wild Rocked (Diplotaxis tenuifolia(L.)DC). International Conference on Sustainable Agriculture and Enviroment Abstract Book (2nd ICSAE 2015). p.175
4. Akıncı A, Sosyal A (1992). Trakya Bölgesi’nde sünenin yumurta parazitoitleri (Trissolcus spp.) ve etkinlikleri üzerinde araştırmalar. Uluslararası Entegre Zirai Mücadele Sempozyumu (15-17 Ekim) İzmir. S: 145-150.
5. Akıncı C (2008). Hububatta Süne Zararlısıyla Mücadele. Konya Ticaret Borsası Dergisi (Mayıs) Konya. 5.14-21
6. Anonymous (2015a). Plants For A Future. www.pfaf.org (15.10.2015)
7. Anonymous (2015b). https://en.wikipedia.org (15.10.2015)
8. Anonymous (2015c). Morus alba L. www.pfaf.org (15.10.2015)

9. Büyükburç, U. 1999. Mera ve Çayırların Önemi ve Özellikleri. Çayır-Mera Amenajmanı ve Islahı. T.C. Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı. S.137-145. Ankara
10. Gözüaçık C, Yiğit A (2011). Süne, Eurygaster integriceps Putman, yumurta parazitoitleri, Trissolcus spp.’nin iki ekosistemde karşılaştırılması. Türkiye IV. Bitki Koruma Kongresi Bildirileri (28-30 Haziran) Kahramanmaraş. S. 118
11. Kütük H, Yiğit A (2011). Importance of providing overwintering refuges and alternative prey and hosts for parasitoid and predator species to achieve success in biological control programs. Biological Control Society of Turkey. 2(1). 79-90
12. Mücevher O, Acar R, Dursun D (2014). İç Anadolu Bölgesi Tarım Arazilerindeki Rüzgar Perdlerinde Kullanılabilecek ağaç ve Çalı Türlerinin Seçimi. II. Uluslararası Katılımlı Kuraklık ve Çölleşme Sempozyumu (16-18 Eylül) Konya (Basımda)
13. Özkan M, Bobaroğlu NE (2015). Süne. T.C. Gıda, Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanlığı, Gıda ve Kontrol Genel Müd. Ankara
14. Öztemiz Ş (2008). Organik tarımda biyolojik Mücadele. GOÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 25(2):19-27.
15. Şimşek Z, Yaşarakıncı N (1986). Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde Süne yumurta parazitoitlerinin (Trissolcus spp.) etkinliği üzerinde rol oynayan faktörler. Türkiye I. Biyolojik Mücadele Kongresi Bildirileri (12-14 Şubat) Adana. 330-354.
16. Şimşek Z, Aktaş H, Kondur Y, Koçak E, Özdemir I, Karaca V (2015). Ülkemizde Hububatın Önemli Zararlısı Süne (Eurygaster spp.) ile Hububatta Kök ve Kökboğazı Çürüklük Etmeniyle Mücadele Stratejileri. zmmae.gov.tr (29.05.2015)
17. Tekşam İ, Keçeci M, Topuz E, Karataş A, Öztop A (2013). Trissolcus semistriatus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)’un -20°C’de depolanmış Dolycoris baccarum (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) yumurtalarındaki performansı. Derim Dergisi, Batı Akdeniz Tarımsal Araştırmalar Enstitüsü 30(1), 24-35
18. Topal A (2011). Buğday Yetiştiriciliği. Hasat Yayıncılık LTD ŞTİ. İstanbul