Classification of Bean Genotypes by Protein Profiles

Abstract

Conservation of biodiversity is the main concept to provide sustainability. There are various methods to identify diversity of living organisms. SDS-PAGE is one the most reliable   method to classification of plants.

Dry bean is the most important pulse crop over the world besides Konya has the highest production in Turkey which is expected as the widest genetic variation among the genotypes. In the present study, a total of 22 bean genotypes (20 populations from Konya and 2 certificated varieties) were used to obtain the protein patterns by using SDS-PAGE methods. Diversity of the genotypes and their relatives were evaluated with dendrogram. Results implicated that protein profiles of the investigated beans provided a clear classification by view of selection criteria. Similarity dendrogram presented two main groups that showed the ranges nearly 20-75% and 50-90%, respectively. Furthermore, two of the local populations (PV 19 and PV 20) showed a subgroup with certified varieties (Akman-98 and Gina).

A comparison of SDS-PAGE method showed that, the method could be used to find solutions for the taxonomic and evolutionary problems of the bean genotypes. Therefore, this method may be a useful tool for plant breeders to simplification of selection and classification on genotypes.

Keywords

• Cluster,dendrogram; diversity; Phaseolus vulgaris; protein; sds page.

References

1. Açık L, Ekici M, Çelebi A (2004). Taxonomic relation-ship in Astragalus sections Hololeuce and Synoch-reati (Fabaceae): Evidence from RAPD-PCR and SDS-PAGE of seed proteins. Annales Botanici Fen-nici, 41: 305-317.
2. Babaoğlu S, Açık L, Çelebi A, Adıgüzel N (2004). Mo-lecular analysis of Turkish Alyssum L. (Brassica-ceae) species by RAPD-PCR and SDS-PAGE meth-ods. Gazi University Journal of Science, 17 (3): 25-33.
3. Ceyhan E (2004). Effects of sowing dates on some yield components and yield of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 9(2): 87-95.
4. Ceyhan E (2006a). Variations in grain properties of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). International Jour-nal of Agricultural Research, 1 (2): 116-124.
5. Ceyhan E (2006b). Bezelye ebeveyn ve melezlerinde dane verimi ve yaprak karakterlerinin kombinas-yon yetenekleri. Selçuk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakül-tesi Dergisi, 20 (40): 83-89.
6. Ceyhan E, Harmankaya M, Kahraman A (2014). Combining ability and heterosis for concentration of mineral elements and protein in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Turkish Journal of Agri-culture and Forestry, 38:581-590.
7. Ceyhan E, Kahraman A, Ateş MK, Karadaş S (2012). Stability analysis on seed yield and its components in pea. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 18:887-893.
8. Demiralp H, Çelik S, Köksel H (2000). Effects of oxi-dizing agents and defatting on the electrophoretic patterns of flour proteins during dough mixing. Eu-ropean Food Research and Technology, 211: 322-325.

9. Ferreiraa RB, Freitasb RL, Teixeira AR (2003). Self-aggregation of legume seed storage proteins inside the protein storage vacuoles is electrostatic in na-ture, rather than lectin-mediated. FEBS Letters, 534:106-110.
10. Gallardo K, Thompson R, Burstin J (2008). Reserve accumulation in legume seeds. Comptes Rendus Biologies, 331: 755–762.
11. Ghafoor A, Ahmad Z, Qureshi AS, Bashir M (2000). Genetic relationship in Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper and V. Radiata (L.) R. Wilczek based on morpho-logical traits and SDS-PAGE. Euphytica, 123:367-378.
12. Golombek S, Rolletschek H, Wobus U, Weber H (2001). Control of storage protein accumulation during legume seed development. Journal of Plant Physiology, 158: 457–464.
13. Jugran A, Bhatt, Ranbeer ID, Rawal S (2010). Charac-terization of agro-diversity by seed storage protein electrophoresis: focus on rice germplasm from Ut-tarakhand Himalaya, India. Rice Science, 17 (2): 122-128.
14. Kahraman A (2017). Nutritional value and foliar ferti-lization in soybean. Journal of Elementology, 22 (1): in press, DOI: 10.5601/jelem.2016.21.1.1106.
15. Kahraman A, Harmankaya M, Ceyhan E (2015). Nutritional variation and drought tolerance in chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.). Journal of Ele-mentology, 20 (2): 331-341.
16. Laemli, U.K., 1970. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of Bacteriophage T4. Nature, 277: 680-684.
17. Lepori G, BaldiA (1979). Raccolta di germoplasma di fagiolo rampicante in Piemonte. Variabilità genetica ed ambientale mediante interventi genetici. Enna, 561–573.
18. Makri E, Papalamprou E, Doxastakis G (2005). Study of functional properties of seed storage proteins from indigenous European legume crops (lupin, pea, broad bean) in admixture with polysaccha-rides. Food Hydrocolloids, 19 (3): 583–594.
19. Maniatis T, Sambrook J (1989). Molecular cloning; A laboratory manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laborato-ry Press.
20. Marcone MF (1999). Biochemical and biophysical properties of plant storage proteins: a current un-derstanding with emphasis on 11S seed globulins. Food Research International, 32: 79-92.
21. Marzooghian A, Valizadeh M (2011). The comparison of genetic diversity between two extraction meth-ods of seed storage proteins in common bean. 12th Iranian Congress of Biochemistry and 4th Interna-tional Congress of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mashhad, Iran, September 6-9, 2011.
22. Montoya CA, Lallès JP, Beebe S, Leterme P (2010). Phaseolin diversity as a possible strategy to im-prove the nutritional value of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). Food Research International, 43:443–449.
23. Saraswati R, Matoh T, Sasai T, Phupaibul P, Lumpkin TA, Kobayashi M, Sekiya J (1993). Identification of Sesbania species from electrophoretic patterns of seed protein. Tropical Agriculture (Trinidad), 70 (3): 282-285.
24. Schaal BA, Leverich WJ, Rogstad SH (1991). A com-parison of methods for assessing genetic variation in plant conservation biology. In: Genetics and conservation of rare plants, pp. 123-134, New York: Oxford University Press.
25. Sindhu AS, Zheng Z, Murai N (1997). The pea seed storage protein legumin was synthesized, processed, and accumulated stably in transgenic rice endo-sperm. Plant Science, 130: 189–196.
26. Tamkoc A, Arslan E (2011). Inter and intra-spesific variation in SDS-page of seed proteins of three Poa L. (poaceae) species. Pak. J. Bot., 43 (2):1105-1110.
27. Zivkovic B, Radovic J, Sokolovic D, Siler B, Banjanac T, Strbanovic R (2012). Assessment of genetic di-versity among alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) geno-types by morphometry, seed storage proteins and RAPD analysis. Industrial Crops and Products, 40:285– 291.