Rhizobacteria Increases Growth and Development of Blackberry Saplings

Year 2023, Volume: 37 Issue: 2, 232 - 241, 30.08.2023

Zainab Abdulsamad Ameen Ameen Lütfi Pirlak Ahmad Jalal Khaleel Khalee Metin Turan Mesude Figen Dönmez

Abstract

In this study, the effects of rhizobacteria on vegetative growth of Chester Thornless blackberry cultivars saplings were investigated. In this context, plant height, shoot number, stem diameter, average shoot length, root length, plant fresh and dry weight, root fresh and dry weight, IAA, ABA, GA, cytokinin, zeatin hormones and N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Na nutrients were investigated. According to the evaluations, the highest plant fresh and dry weights and root fresh and dry weights were obtained from the SK50 bacteria strain. It was determined that plant height, stem diameter, average shoot length and root length maximum increased with SK-39 strain. Bacteria applications increased the IAA, GA, cytokinin and zeatin contents and decreased the ABA content in the leaves. With bacteria applications, leaf N, P, K, Ca, S, Zn, Cu and Na contents increased compared to control. According to the results of the research, it can be recommended to use Herbaspirillum huttiense SK-39, Achromobacter xylosoxidans denitrificans SK-50, Pantoea agglomerans GC subgroup SY-43 and Microbacterium ester aromaticum SY-48 bacteria strains in order to promote growth and development in the cultivation of blackberry cultivars.

Keywords

Blackberry, Rhizobacteria, Growth, Development

References

• Ağaoğlu S (1986). Üzümsü Meyveler. Ankara Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Yay. No: 984, 377 s. Ankara.
• Antoun H, Kloepper J (2001). Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. Encyclopedia of genetics, Eds. S Brenner and J Miller. pp, 1477-1480.
• Antoun H, Prévost D (2005). Ecology of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. In: PGPR: Bio-control and biofertilization, Eds: Springer, p. 1-38.
• Arikan Ş, Pirlak L (2016). Effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on growth, yield and fruit quality of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.). Erwerbs-Obstbau, 58: 221-226.
• Aslantaş R, Cakmakçi R, Şahin F (2007). Effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on young apple tree growth and fruit yield under orchard conditions. Scientia Horticulturae, 111: 371-377.
• Coşkun N, Pırlak L (2017). Effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on Branching and Growing of Apple Sapling. Erwerbs-Obstbau, 59: 309-313.
• De Silva A, Patterson K, Rothrock C, Moore J (2000). Growth promotion of highbush blueberry by fungal and bacterial inoculants. HortScience, 35: 1228-1230.
• Del Carmen Jaizme-Vega M, Rodríguez-Romero AS, Guerra MSP (2004). Potential use of rhizobacte-ia from the Bacillus genus to stimulate the plant growth of micropropagated banana. Fruits, 59: 83-90.
• Esitken A, Pirlak L, Turan M, Sahin F (2006). Effects of floral and foliar application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on yield, growth and nutrition of sweet cherry. Scientia Horticulturae, 110: 324-327.
• Esitken A, Yildiz HE, Ercisli S, Donmez MF, Turan M, Gunes A (2010). Effects of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) on yield, growth and nutrient contents of organically grown strawberry. Scientia Horticulturae, 124: 62-66.
• Galletta G, Draper A, Maas J, Skirvin R, Otterbacher A, Swartz H, Chandler C (1998). Chester Thorn-less' blackberry. Fruit Varieties Journal, 52: 118-122.
• García-Seco D, Zhang Y, Gutierrez-Mañero FJ (2015) Application of Pseudomonas fluorescens to blackberry under field conditions improves fruit quality by modifying flavonoid metabolism. PloS One, 10: e0142639
• Halvorsen BL, Holte K, Myhrstad MC, Barikmo I, Hvattum E, Remberg SF, Wold AB, Haffner K, Baugerød H, Andersen LF (2002). A systematic screening of total antioxidants in dietary plants. The Journal of Nutrition, 132: 461-471.
• İmriz G, Özdemir F, Topal İ, Ercan B, Taş M, Yakışır E, Okur O (2014). Bitkisel üretimde bitki gelişimini teşvik eden rizobakteri (PGPR)'ler ve etki mekanizmaları. Elektronik Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, 12: 1-19.
• Ipek M, Pirlak L, Esitken A, Dönmez, MF, Turan M, Sahin F (2014). Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) increase yield, growth and nutrition of strawberry under high-calcareous soil conditions. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 37: 990-997.
• Ipek M, Aras S, Arıkan Ş, Eşitken A, Pırlak L, Dönmez MF, Turan M (2017a). Root plant growth promoting rhizobacteria inoculations increase ferric chelate reductase (FC-R) activity and Fe nutrition in pear under calcareous soil condi-tions. Scientia Horticulturae, 219: 144-151.
• İpek M, Arikan Ş, Pirlak L, Eşitken A (2017b). Effect of different treatments on branching of some apple trees in nursery. Erwerbs-obstbau, 59: 119-122.
• Ipek M (2019). Effect of rhizobacteria treatments on nutrient content and organic and amino acid composition in raspberry plants. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 43: 88-95.
• İpek M, Eşitken A (2022). Effects of Rhizobacteria on Plant Growth and Fruit Quality of Blackberry in Alkaline Soil. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 36: 387-392.
• Kähkönen MP, Hopia AI, Vuorela HJ, Rauha JP, Pihlaja K, Kujala TS, Heinonen M (1999). Anti-oxidant activity of plant extracts containing phenolic compounds. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 47: 3954-3962.
• Karakurt H, Kotan R, Aslantaş R, Dadaşoğlu F, Ka-ragöz K, Şahin F (2010). Bitki büyümesini teşvik eden bazı bakteri strainlerinin ‘Şekerpare’ kayısı çöğürlerinin bitki gelişimi üzerine etkileri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 41: 7-12.
• Karlıdağ H, Eşitken A, Turan M, Şahin F (2007). Effects of root inoculation of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on yield, growth and nutrient element contents of leaves of apple. Scientia Horticulturae, 114: 16-20.
• Kloepper JW (1978). Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on radishes, Proc. of the 4th Internet. Conf. on Plant Pathogenic Bacter, Station de Pathologie Vegetale et Phytobacteriologie. INRA, Angers, France, 1978, 879-882.
• Kloepper JW, Lifshitz R, Zablotowicz RM (1989). Free-living bacterial inocula for enhancing crop productivity. Trends in Biotechnology, 7: 39-44.
• Köse M (2003). Selva ve Sweet Charlie çilek çeşitlerinde bakteri uygulamalarının bitki gelişimi ve verimi üzerine etkisi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Atatürk Üniv. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü (Basılmamış), Erzurum.
• Lindow SE, Brandl MT (2003). Microbiology of the phyllosphere. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 69: 1875-1883.
• O'connell PF (1992). Sustainable agriculture-a valid alternative. Outlook on Agriculture, 21: 5-12.
• Pan X, Welti R, Wang X (2008). Simultaneous quantification of major phytohormones and related compounds in crude plant extracts by liquid chromatography–electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Phytochemistry, 69: 1773-1781.
• Parıltı Z (2018). Bitki Büyümesini Teşvik Eden R-zobakterilerin MM106 Anacı Üzerine Aşılı Bazı Elma Çeşitleri Fidanlarında Bitki Gelişimi Üzerine Etkileri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi (Basılmamış), Türkiye.
• Pirlak L, Turan M, Sahin F, Esitken A (2007). Floral and foliar application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to apples increases yield, growth, and nutrient element contents of leaves. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 30: 145-155.
• Pırlak L, Köse M (2009). Effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on yield and some fruit properties of strawberry. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 32: 1173-1184.
• Pırlak L, Akbaş Y, Dönmez MF (2020). Bacillus atrophaeus Mfdv2 rhizobacteria isolate increases vegetative growth, yield, and fruit size of banana plant. Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science, 20: 55-60.
• Ramos-Solano B, Garcia-Villaraco A, Gutierrez-Mañero FJ (2014) Annual changes in bioactive contents and production in field-grown black-berry after inoculation with Pseudomonas fluorescens. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 74: 1–8.
• Ravai M (1996). Caneberries: An Important Food in a Healthy Diet. Nutrition Today, 31: 143-147.
• Reis MY, Olivares FL, Dobereiner J (1994). Improved methodology for isolation of Acetobacter diazatrophicus and confirmation of its endo-phytic habitat. World Journal of Microbiology Biotechnology, 10: 101-105.
• Rodrı́guez H, Fraga R (1999). Phosphate solubilizing bacteria and their role in plant growth promotion. Biotechnology Advances, 17: 319-339.
• Soltanpour P, Workman S, Schwab A (1979). Use of inductively‐coupled plasma spectrometry for the simultaneous determination of macro‐and micronutrients in NH4HCO3‐DTPA extracts of soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 43: 75-78.
• Somers E, Vanderleyden J, Srinivasan M (2004). Rhizosphere bacterial signalling: a love parade beneath our feet. Critical Reviews in Microbiology, 30: 205-240.
• Sturz A, Nowak J (2000). Endophytic communities of rhizobacteria and the strategies required to create yield enhancing associations with crops. Applied Soil Ecology, 15: 183-190.
• Sudhakar P, Chattopadhyay G, Gangwar S, Ghosh J (2000). Effect of foliar application of Azotobacter, Azospirillum and Beijerinckia on leaf yield and quality of mulberry (Morus alba). The Journal of Agricultural Science, 134: 227-234.
• Vorholt J (2012). Microbial life in the phyllosphere. National Publication Grid 10: 828–840.
• Zahir AZ, Arshad M, Frankenberger Jr WT (2004). Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria: Applications and perspectives in agriculture. Advances in Agronomy, 81: 97-168.