Doğal Afetlerin Hava Taşımacılığına Etkisinin İncelenmesi: 6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş Depremi Örneği

Year 2025, Volume: 28 Issue: 2, 439 - 451, 30.11.2025

Ahmet Ertek

Abstract

Bu çalışma, 6 Şubat 2023’te meydana gelen Kahramanmaraş merkezli depremlerin havayolu taşımacılığı üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektedir. Depremler, ani ve yıkıcı doğaları gereği ulaşım sistemlerinde ciddi aksaklıklara yol açmakta; özellikle hava taşımacılığı altyapısındaki hasar, yolcu taşımacılığını, lojistik faaliyetleri ve afet müdahale süreçlerini doğrudan etkilemektedir. Bu bağlamda araştırmada Kahramanmaraş, Hatay, Adıyaman, Malatya, Diyarbakır, Gaziantep, Adana, Şanlıurfa ve Elazığ illerinde bulunan havalimanlarının yolcu, uçak ve kargo trafiği verileri analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın özgün katkısı, afet sonrasındaki tahliye ve yardım operasyonlarının havacılık trafiğini artırıcı etkisini nicel verilerle ortaya koymasıdır. Araştırmada Devlet Hava Meydanları İşletmesi (DHMİ) tarafından yayımlanan 2022 (deprem öncesi), 2023 (deprem yılı) ve 2024 (deprem sonrası) istatistikleri karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Bulgular, Hatay Havalimanı’nın altyapı hasarları nedeniyle en büyük kaybı yaşadığını; Kahramanmaraş ve Adıyaman’ın ise tahliye ve yardım uçuşlarıyla artış gösterdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Adana geçici bir hub olarak öne çıkarken, çevre illerdeki havalimanları kapasite artırıcı merkez işlevi üstlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, doğal afetlerin havayolu taşımacılığı üzerinde çok boyutlu etkiler yarattığını ve afet yönetiminde altyapı dayanıklılığı ile “afet uçuş protokollerinin” kritik önem taşıdığını göstermektedir.

Keywords

Havayolu , Havaalanı , Hava taşımacılığı Deprem , Doğal afet

Examining the Impact of Natural Disasters on Air Transportation: The Example of the February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake

Abstract

This study examines the impacts of the Kahramanmaraş-centered earthquakes that occurred on February 6, 2023, on air transportation. Due to their sudden and destructive nature, earthquakes cause serious disruptions to transportation systems; damage to air transportation infrastructure, in particular, directly impacts passenger transportation, logistics activities, and disaster response processes. In this context, the study analyzed passenger, aircraft, and cargo traffic data from airports in the provinces of Kahramanmaraş, Hatay, Adıyaman, Malatya, Diyarbakır, Gaziantep, Adana, Şanlıurfa, and Elazığ. The study's unique contribution is its quantitative analysis of the impact of post-disaster evacuation and relief operations on aviation traffic. The study conducted a comparative analysis of statistics published by the State Airports Authority (DHMİ) for 2022 (pre-earthquake), 2023 (earthquake year), and 2024 (post-earthquake). The findings indicate that Hatay Airport suffered the greatest loss due to infrastructure damage; It reveals that Kahramanmaraş and Adıyaman saw an increase in evacuation and relief flights. While Adana emerged as a temporary hub, airports in surrounding provinces served as capacity-building hubs. The results demonstrate that natural disasters have multifaceted impacts on air transportation, and that infrastructure resilience and "disaster flight protocols" are critical in disaster management.

Keywords

Airline , Airport , Air transportation Earthquake , Natural disaster

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