Silifke Müzesi’nden Erken Bizans Dönemine Ait Gümüş Tılsım

Year 2013, Issue: 3, 73 - 99, 01.01.2013

Gülgün Köroğlu

Abstract

The amulets which were used in order to ask the supernatural powers for help were common especially in Late Ancient Time and the Middle Age. It seems that the tradition of doing magic and spell which dates back to the time of Mesopotamia and Egypt continued after the emerge and the spread of Christianity. Symbolic figures, images, scriptures, and religious designs which were related to Christian belief were used besides Pagan figures. To exemplify, figures like The Hero Rider killing the Gyllou/Satan, Medusa’s Head, The Much-Suffering Eye, and the like were used in Early Ancient Time and the Middle Age by the people of Pagan, Jewish, and Christian. Moreover, Holy Rider was described on the silver amulet which is displayed in the Museum of Silifke. The figure of saint rider is about to spear into The Female Satan who is lying on the ground. Here, Solomon, Sissinios, or one of other saints other might have been described. Lilith/Gyllou, who is The Female Satan, is an enemy of women who have just gave a birth and newborn babies; therefore this amulet may have been used in order to protect women from gynaecological diseases and babies from dying

Keywords

Amulet, Demon, Holy Rider, Solomon, Lilith, Gyllou

Silifke Müzesi’nden Erken Bizans Dönemine Ait Gümüş Tılsım

Abstract

Geç Antik ve Orta Çağ’da doğaüstü güçlerden yardım beklenerek tılsımlar kullanılmıştır. Tılsım geleneğinin kökeni, Mısır ve Mezopotamya’ya dayanır ve Hıristiyanlığın yayılmasından sonra da devam etmiştir. Tılsımlar üzerinde pagan figürlerin yanı sıra Hıristiyan inancıyla ilişkili figür, şekil ve yazılarda görülür. Örneğin Atlı Kahraman, dişi şeytan Gyllou’yu öldürür, Kem göz Eski çağlarda kullanıldığı gibi Orta çağlarda Pagan, Yahudi ve Hıristiyanlar arasında da kullanılmıştır. Silifke Müzesi’nde sergilenen gümüş tılsım üzerinde Kutsal Binici tasvir edilmiştir. Kutsal Binici, Hz. Süleyman, Aziz Sisinnios ya da başka bir aziz olmalıdır. Kutsal Binicinin yerdeki dişi şeytanı öldürme anı gösterilmiştir. Lilith/Gyllou doğum yapmış kadınlara ve yeni doğmuş bebeklere düşmandır. Özellikle bu tür amuletler, bebek ölümlerini, engellemek ve kadınları jinekolik hastalıklardan koruma amacıyla kullanılmıştır.

Keywords

Tılsım, Şeytan, Kutsal Binici, Süleyman, Lilith, Gyllou

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