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Tahkimde Gerilla Taktikleri ve Gerilla Taktiklerinin Önlenmesi

Year 2023, , 1082 - 1133, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.56701/shd.1240479

Abstract

Tahkim yargılaması uluslararası alanda sıklıkla başvurulan etkin bir yargılama biçimidir. Tahkim yargılamasının kendine özgü yapısı ve giderek yaygınlaşması, tarafların, taraf vekillerin ve menfaat temin etmek isteyen hakemlerin tahkim yargılamasını engelleyici ve erteleyici davranışlara başvurmasına sebebiyet vermektedir. Taraflar, taraf vekilleri ve hakemler tarafından tahkim yargılamasının olağan akışını bozan bu tür davranışlar gerilla taktikleri olarak ifade edilmektedir.

Bu makalede, öncelikle hangi tür davranışların gerilla taktiği niteliğinde olduğu belli bir sınıflandırma yapılarak tespit edilmiş daha sonra da tahkim yargılamasının akışını bozan gerilla taktiği niteliğindeki davranışların engellenebilmesi maksadıyla Uluslararası Barolar Birliği (International Bar Association – IBA) tarafından oluşturulan davranış kuralları, doktrindeki görüşler de dikkate alınarak incelenmiş ve gerilla taktiklerini önlemeye yönelik birtakım çözüm önerilerinde bulunulmuştur.

References

  • Balkar, Süheyla. Milletlerarası Ticari Tahkim ve Etik. İstanbul: On iki levha, 2022.
  • Balkar Bozkurt, Süheyla. Milletlerarası Ticari Tahkimde Hakemlerin Bağımsızlık Yükümlülüğü. İstanbul: On iki levha, 2016.
  • Bishop, R. Doak - Stevens, Margrete. “The Compelling Need for a Code of Ethics in International Arbitration: Transparency, Integrity and Legitimacy”. Arbitration Advocacy in Changing Times, ICCA Congress Series No.15. ed. Albert Jan van den Berg. 391-407. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2011.
  • Bishop, R. Doak. “Ethics in International Arbitration”. Arbitration Advocacy in Changing Times, ICCA Congress Series No.15. ed. Albert Jan van den Berg. 383-390. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2011.
  • Branson, David J. “IBA Rules of Ethics for International Arbitrators”. International Business Lawyer 3/1 (1987), 335-336.
  • Bruckschweiger, Christoph. “Possibilities of Arbitral Tribunals to Sanction ‘Guerrilla Tactics’ by Counsel in the Absence of a Respective Agreement by the Parties”. Selected Papers on International Arbitration Volume 5. ed. Daniel Girsberger vd. 27-52. Bern: Stampfli Publishers, 2020.
  • Catherine A. Rogers. “Guerrilla Tactics and Ethical Regulation”. Guerrilla Tactics in International Arbitration. ed. Gütnher J. Horvath vd. 313-340. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2013.
  • Catherine, A. Rogers. “Fit and Function in Legal Ethics: Developing a Code of Conduct for International Arbitration”. Michigan Journal of International Law 23/341 (2002), 341-423.
  • Çakrak, Recep - İldeş, Samet. “Kamu Hukuku ve Özel Hukuk Açısından Dürüstlük Kuralı ve Uygulama Alanı”. Sakarya Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 2/2 (2014), 47-76.
  • Doğan, Vahit vd. Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk. Ankara: Savaş Yayınevi, 9. Basım, 2023.
  • Eroğlu, Erman. “Arbitrator Integrity: Self-Interested Arbitrator in International Commercial Arbitration”. BÜHFD 8/2 (2022), 295-320.
  • Eroğlu, Erman. “Due Process Rights in Arbitration in the Light of the Austrian Supreme Court’s Decision: Remote Hearings During the Pandemic”. Sakarya Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 10/1 (2022), 105-122.
  • Frecon, Alain. “Delaying Tactics in Arbitration”. Dispute Resolution Journal 59/4 (2004), 40-52.
  • Giorgetti, Chiara - Wahab, Mohammed. “A Code of Conduct for Arbitrators and Judges”. Academic Forum on ISDS Concept Paper 12 (2009), 2-13.
  • Harris, Cedric. “Abuse of the Arbitration Process – Delaying Tactics and Disruptions”. Journal of International Arbitration 9/2 (1992), 87-95.
  • Horvath, Günther J. - Wilske, Stephan. “Conclusion and Outlook”. Guerrilla Tactics in International Arbitration. ed. Gütnher J. Horvath vd. 341-354. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2013.
  • Horvath, Günther J. vd. “Categories of Guerrilla Tactics”. Guerrilla Tactics in International Arbitration. ed. Gütnher J. Horvath vd. 3-16. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2013.
  • Hwang, Michael. “Why is There Still Resistance to Arbitration in Asia?”. Selected Essays on International Arbitration. ed. Michael Hwang. 20-37. Singapore: Academy Publishing, 2013.
  • Jeremiah, Herman. “Arbitration - Dsk V Ultrapolis - A Lesson in Delay Tactics”. Mondaq. Erişim 20 Ağustos 2022. https://www.mondaq.com/arbitration-dispute-resolution/112698/arbitration--dsk-v-ultrapolis--a-lesson-in-delay-tactics
  • Kaplan, Yavuz. “Milletlerarası Tahkimde Hakemin ve Tenfizin Reddi Sebebi Olması Açısından Bağımsızlık ve Tarafsızlık İlkesi”. MHB 21/1-2 (2001), 43-73.
  • Karaca, Akif. “Milletlerarası Tahkimde Hakemin Reddi Sebebi Olarak Hakemin Tarafsızlığını ve Bağımsızlığını Ortadan Kaldıran Haller”. Marmara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Hukuk Araştırmaları Dergisi 21/1 (2015), 205-238.
  • Kayalı, Didem. Milletlerarası Ticari Tahkimde Hakemlerin Bağımsızlığı ve Tarafsızlığı. İstanbul: Seçkin Yayıncılık, 2015.
  • Laborde, Gustavo. “Arbitrator Corruption”. Jusmundi. Erişim 19 Ağustos 2022. https://jusmundi.com/en/document/wiki/en-arbitrator-corruption Newsham, Jack. “Arbitrator Gets 6 Months for Malaysia Bribery Scheme”. Law360. Erişim 19 Ağustos 2022. https://www.law360.com/articles/877757?utm_source=LexisNexis&utm_medium=LegalNewsRoom&utm_campaign=articles_search
  • Oberoi, Preet Singh. "Understanding Guerrilla Tactics in International Arbitration". Christ ULJ 3 (2014), 69-84.
  • Orlandi, Chiara Giovannucci. “Ethics for International Arbitrators”. UMKC Law Review 67/1 (1998), 93-110.
  • Osmanoğlu, Burcu. “Uluslararası Ticari Tahkimde Taraf Vekillerine Uygulanan Etik Kurallar ve Uygulamada Karşılaşılan Sorunlar”. Public and Private International Law Bulletin 39/1 (2019), 275-294.
  • Özel, Kadir Can. “Etik ve Etik – Hukuk Arasındaki İlişki”. TAAD 33 (2018), 685-708.
  • Özel, Sibel vd. Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk. İstanbul: On iki levha, 2022.
  • Pfeiffer, Robert - Wilske, Stephan. “An Etymological and Historical Overview”. Guerrilla Tactics in International Arbitration. ed. Gütnher J. Horvath vd. 1-3. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2013.
  • Pfeiffer, Robert - Wilske, Stephan. “The Emergence of the Guerrilla Tactics Phenomenon in International Arbitration”. Guerrilla Tactics in International Arbitration. ed. Gütnher J. Horvath vd. 16-20. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2013.
  • Rowley, J. William. “Guerrilla Tactics and Developing Issues”. Guerrilla Tactics in International Arbitration. ed. Gütnher J. Horvath vd. 20-30. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2013.
  • Rubins, Noah. “Particularities when Dealing with State Entities”. Guerrilla Tactics in International Arbitration. ed. Gütnher J. Horvath vd. 69-93. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2013.
  • Sanderson, Cosmo. “Arbitrators Jailed in Peru Amid Odebrecht Corruption Scandal”. Globalarbitrationreview. Erişim 19 Ağustos 2022. https://globalarbitrationreview.com/article/arbitrators-jailed-in-peru-amid-odebrecht-corruption-scandal Silkenat, James R. “Code of Ethics for Arbitrators in Commercial Disputes”. 24 INT’L 24/4 (1990), 1181-1187.
  • Steyn, Johan. “Delays and Delaying Tactics in International Commercial Arbitration”. Arbitration: The International Journal of Arbitration, Mediation and Dispute Management 49/1 (1983), 9-12.
  • Sussman, Edna - Ebere, Solomon. “All’s Fair in Love and War – Or Is It? Reflections On Ethical Standards for Counsel in International Arbitration”. The American Review of International Arbitration (ARIA) 22/4 (2011), 611-623.
  • Sussman, Edna. “Guerrilla Tactics in International Arbitration”. NYSBA 7/2 (2014), 41-42.
  • Sussman, Edna. “Ethics in International Arbitration: Soft Law Guidance for Arbitrators and Party Representatives”. Soft Law in International Arbitration. ed. Lawrence W. Newman vd. 239-256. Juris Publishing, 2014.
  • Şanlı, Cemal vd. Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk. İstanbul: Beta, 7. Basım, 2019.
  • Volterra, Robert. “Guerrilla Tactics at International Courts and Institutions: [A] Experiences from the International Court of Justice”. Guerrilla Tactics in International Arbitration, ed. Gütnher J. Horvath vd. 238-250. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2013.
  • Yavuz, Cevdet. “Türk Hukukunda Tahkim Sözleşmesi ve Tabi Olduğu Hükümler”. II. Uluslararası Özel Hukuk Tahkim Sempozyumu 14 (2009), 133-177.

Guerrilla Tactics and Prevention of Guerrilla Tactics in Arbitration

Year 2023, , 1082 - 1133, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.56701/shd.1240479

Abstract

Arbitration process is a powerful type of proceeding that is widely used in the international dispute resolutions. Due to the special features of arbitration proceedings and their growing popularity, parties, their counsels and arbitrators seeking financial profit often operate in ways that obstruct and delay the arbitration process. Guerrilla tactics are actions taken by parties, their counsels, and arbitrators to disrupt the usual course of arbitration proceedings.

In this article, first, what kind of behaviour is a guerrilla tactic has been determined by making a certain classification, and then the codes of conduct created by the International Bar Association (IBA) in order to prevent guerrilla tactic behaviours that disrupt the arbitration proceedings are examined, taking into account the opinions in the doctrine. A number of solutions have been proposed to prevent guerrilla tactics.

References

  • Balkar, Süheyla. Milletlerarası Ticari Tahkim ve Etik. İstanbul: On iki levha, 2022.
  • Balkar Bozkurt, Süheyla. Milletlerarası Ticari Tahkimde Hakemlerin Bağımsızlık Yükümlülüğü. İstanbul: On iki levha, 2016.
  • Bishop, R. Doak - Stevens, Margrete. “The Compelling Need for a Code of Ethics in International Arbitration: Transparency, Integrity and Legitimacy”. Arbitration Advocacy in Changing Times, ICCA Congress Series No.15. ed. Albert Jan van den Berg. 391-407. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2011.
  • Bishop, R. Doak. “Ethics in International Arbitration”. Arbitration Advocacy in Changing Times, ICCA Congress Series No.15. ed. Albert Jan van den Berg. 383-390. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2011.
  • Branson, David J. “IBA Rules of Ethics for International Arbitrators”. International Business Lawyer 3/1 (1987), 335-336.
  • Bruckschweiger, Christoph. “Possibilities of Arbitral Tribunals to Sanction ‘Guerrilla Tactics’ by Counsel in the Absence of a Respective Agreement by the Parties”. Selected Papers on International Arbitration Volume 5. ed. Daniel Girsberger vd. 27-52. Bern: Stampfli Publishers, 2020.
  • Catherine A. Rogers. “Guerrilla Tactics and Ethical Regulation”. Guerrilla Tactics in International Arbitration. ed. Gütnher J. Horvath vd. 313-340. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2013.
  • Catherine, A. Rogers. “Fit and Function in Legal Ethics: Developing a Code of Conduct for International Arbitration”. Michigan Journal of International Law 23/341 (2002), 341-423.
  • Çakrak, Recep - İldeş, Samet. “Kamu Hukuku ve Özel Hukuk Açısından Dürüstlük Kuralı ve Uygulama Alanı”. Sakarya Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 2/2 (2014), 47-76.
  • Doğan, Vahit vd. Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk. Ankara: Savaş Yayınevi, 9. Basım, 2023.
  • Eroğlu, Erman. “Arbitrator Integrity: Self-Interested Arbitrator in International Commercial Arbitration”. BÜHFD 8/2 (2022), 295-320.
  • Eroğlu, Erman. “Due Process Rights in Arbitration in the Light of the Austrian Supreme Court’s Decision: Remote Hearings During the Pandemic”. Sakarya Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 10/1 (2022), 105-122.
  • Frecon, Alain. “Delaying Tactics in Arbitration”. Dispute Resolution Journal 59/4 (2004), 40-52.
  • Giorgetti, Chiara - Wahab, Mohammed. “A Code of Conduct for Arbitrators and Judges”. Academic Forum on ISDS Concept Paper 12 (2009), 2-13.
  • Harris, Cedric. “Abuse of the Arbitration Process – Delaying Tactics and Disruptions”. Journal of International Arbitration 9/2 (1992), 87-95.
  • Horvath, Günther J. - Wilske, Stephan. “Conclusion and Outlook”. Guerrilla Tactics in International Arbitration. ed. Gütnher J. Horvath vd. 341-354. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2013.
  • Horvath, Günther J. vd. “Categories of Guerrilla Tactics”. Guerrilla Tactics in International Arbitration. ed. Gütnher J. Horvath vd. 3-16. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2013.
  • Hwang, Michael. “Why is There Still Resistance to Arbitration in Asia?”. Selected Essays on International Arbitration. ed. Michael Hwang. 20-37. Singapore: Academy Publishing, 2013.
  • Jeremiah, Herman. “Arbitration - Dsk V Ultrapolis - A Lesson in Delay Tactics”. Mondaq. Erişim 20 Ağustos 2022. https://www.mondaq.com/arbitration-dispute-resolution/112698/arbitration--dsk-v-ultrapolis--a-lesson-in-delay-tactics
  • Kaplan, Yavuz. “Milletlerarası Tahkimde Hakemin ve Tenfizin Reddi Sebebi Olması Açısından Bağımsızlık ve Tarafsızlık İlkesi”. MHB 21/1-2 (2001), 43-73.
  • Karaca, Akif. “Milletlerarası Tahkimde Hakemin Reddi Sebebi Olarak Hakemin Tarafsızlığını ve Bağımsızlığını Ortadan Kaldıran Haller”. Marmara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Hukuk Araştırmaları Dergisi 21/1 (2015), 205-238.
  • Kayalı, Didem. Milletlerarası Ticari Tahkimde Hakemlerin Bağımsızlığı ve Tarafsızlığı. İstanbul: Seçkin Yayıncılık, 2015.
  • Laborde, Gustavo. “Arbitrator Corruption”. Jusmundi. Erişim 19 Ağustos 2022. https://jusmundi.com/en/document/wiki/en-arbitrator-corruption Newsham, Jack. “Arbitrator Gets 6 Months for Malaysia Bribery Scheme”. Law360. Erişim 19 Ağustos 2022. https://www.law360.com/articles/877757?utm_source=LexisNexis&utm_medium=LegalNewsRoom&utm_campaign=articles_search
  • Oberoi, Preet Singh. "Understanding Guerrilla Tactics in International Arbitration". Christ ULJ 3 (2014), 69-84.
  • Orlandi, Chiara Giovannucci. “Ethics for International Arbitrators”. UMKC Law Review 67/1 (1998), 93-110.
  • Osmanoğlu, Burcu. “Uluslararası Ticari Tahkimde Taraf Vekillerine Uygulanan Etik Kurallar ve Uygulamada Karşılaşılan Sorunlar”. Public and Private International Law Bulletin 39/1 (2019), 275-294.
  • Özel, Kadir Can. “Etik ve Etik – Hukuk Arasındaki İlişki”. TAAD 33 (2018), 685-708.
  • Özel, Sibel vd. Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk. İstanbul: On iki levha, 2022.
  • Pfeiffer, Robert - Wilske, Stephan. “An Etymological and Historical Overview”. Guerrilla Tactics in International Arbitration. ed. Gütnher J. Horvath vd. 1-3. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2013.
  • Pfeiffer, Robert - Wilske, Stephan. “The Emergence of the Guerrilla Tactics Phenomenon in International Arbitration”. Guerrilla Tactics in International Arbitration. ed. Gütnher J. Horvath vd. 16-20. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2013.
  • Rowley, J. William. “Guerrilla Tactics and Developing Issues”. Guerrilla Tactics in International Arbitration. ed. Gütnher J. Horvath vd. 20-30. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2013.
  • Rubins, Noah. “Particularities when Dealing with State Entities”. Guerrilla Tactics in International Arbitration. ed. Gütnher J. Horvath vd. 69-93. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2013.
  • Sanderson, Cosmo. “Arbitrators Jailed in Peru Amid Odebrecht Corruption Scandal”. Globalarbitrationreview. Erişim 19 Ağustos 2022. https://globalarbitrationreview.com/article/arbitrators-jailed-in-peru-amid-odebrecht-corruption-scandal Silkenat, James R. “Code of Ethics for Arbitrators in Commercial Disputes”. 24 INT’L 24/4 (1990), 1181-1187.
  • Steyn, Johan. “Delays and Delaying Tactics in International Commercial Arbitration”. Arbitration: The International Journal of Arbitration, Mediation and Dispute Management 49/1 (1983), 9-12.
  • Sussman, Edna - Ebere, Solomon. “All’s Fair in Love and War – Or Is It? Reflections On Ethical Standards for Counsel in International Arbitration”. The American Review of International Arbitration (ARIA) 22/4 (2011), 611-623.
  • Sussman, Edna. “Guerrilla Tactics in International Arbitration”. NYSBA 7/2 (2014), 41-42.
  • Sussman, Edna. “Ethics in International Arbitration: Soft Law Guidance for Arbitrators and Party Representatives”. Soft Law in International Arbitration. ed. Lawrence W. Newman vd. 239-256. Juris Publishing, 2014.
  • Şanlı, Cemal vd. Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk. İstanbul: Beta, 7. Basım, 2019.
  • Volterra, Robert. “Guerrilla Tactics at International Courts and Institutions: [A] Experiences from the International Court of Justice”. Guerrilla Tactics in International Arbitration, ed. Gütnher J. Horvath vd. 238-250. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2013.
  • Yavuz, Cevdet. “Türk Hukukunda Tahkim Sözleşmesi ve Tabi Olduğu Hükümler”. II. Uluslararası Özel Hukuk Tahkim Sempozyumu 14 (2009), 133-177.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Law in Context
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Talha Genç 0000-0003-3032-5917

Early Pub Date December 29, 2023
Publication Date December 31, 2023
Submission Date January 22, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

ISNAD Genç, Talha. “Tahkimde Gerilla Taktikleri Ve Gerilla Taktiklerinin Önlenmesi”. Sakarya Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 11/2 (December 2023), 1082-1133. https://doi.org/10.56701/shd.1240479.

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