Kayıt Dışı Ekonominin, Jeopolitik Riskin, Doğal Kaynak Kullanımının Çevre Kirliliği Üzerindeki Etkisi Nedir? Katı Çevre Politikalarının ve Yenilenebilir Enerjinin Önemi

Mümine Korkmaz Nalbant

doi:10.37460/sid.1704620

TR EN

Kayıt Dışı Ekonominin, Jeopolitik Riskin, Doğal Kaynak Kullanımının Çevre Kirliliği Üzerindeki Etkisi Nedir? Katı Çevre Politikalarının ve Yenilenebilir Enerjinin Önemi

Abstract

Gelişmekte olan E-7 ekonomileri yıllar içinde önemli düzeyde ekonomik büyüme sağlamalarına rağmen artan karbondioksit salınımları çevreyi aynı şekilde koruyamadıklarının göstergesidir. İklim değişikliğinin ve çevresel bozulmanın endişe verici boyutlara ulaştığı göz önüne alındığında, dünya çapında sürdürülebilir ekonomik büyümeye yönelik karbondioksit emisyonlarının potansiyel tehditleri tartışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 1990’dan 2020’e kadar E-7 ekonomilerinde kayıt dışı ekonominin, jeopolitik riskin, doğal kaynak kullanımının, katı çevre politikalarının, yenilenebilir enerjinin, gayri safi yurtiçi hasılanın çevre kirliliği üzerindeki çeşitli etkileri değerlendirmektir. Momentler Kantil Regresyona dayalı ampirik sonuçlara göre: kayıt dışı ekonomi, yenilenebilir enerji ve çevre politikası katılığı, çevre kirliliğini azaltırken jeopolitik risk, doğal kaynak kullanımı ve GSYİH ise çevre kirliliğini artırmaktadır. Sonuçları doğrulamak için Bootstrap Kantil Regresyonu kullanılmıştır. E-7 ekonomilerinde, resmi ekonomik kalkınma teşvik edilmeli ve kayıt dışı ekonominin büyümesi kontrol altına alınmalı, doğal kaynak kullanımı kısıtlanmalı, katı çevre politikaları daha etkin kullanılmalı, yenilenebilir enerji kapasitesi artırılmalıdır. Son on yıllarda artan jeopolitik riskler dünyada bir olgu haline gelmiştir ve çevre kirliliğini artırmaktadır. Diplomatik yollarla uluslararası iş birliği teşvik edilerek jeopolitik risk azaltılabilmekte ve bu yolla çevre kalitesi korunabilmektedir.

Keywords

Çevre Kirliliği, Çevre Politikaları, Doğal kaynak kullanımı, Jeopolitik Risk, Kayıt dışılık, Yenilenebilir Enerji

What is the Impact of the Informal Economy, Geopolitical Risk, and Natural Resource Use on Environmental Pollution? The Importance of Strict Environmental Policies and Renewable Energy

Abstract

Although the developing E-7 economies have achieved significant economic growth over the years, increasing carbon dioxide emissions indicate that they have not been able to protect the environment in the same way. Considering that climate change and environmental degradation have reached alarming levels, the potential threats of carbon dioxide emissions to sustainable economic growth worldwide are discussed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the various effects of informal economy, geopolitical risk, natural resource use, strict environmental policies, renewable energy, and gross domestic product on environmental pollution in E-7 economies from 1990 to 2020. According to the empirical results based on Moment Quantile Regression: informal economy, renewable energy, and environmental policy strictness reduce environmental pollution, while geopolitical risk, natural resource use, and GDP increase environmental pollution. Bootstrap Quantile Regression is used to verify the results. In E-7 economies, official economic development should be encouraged and the growth of the informal economy should be controlled, natural resource use should be restricted, strict environmental policies should be used more effectively, and renewable energy capacity should be increased. In recent decades, increasing geopolitical risks have become a global phenomenon and are increasing environmental pollution. Geopolitical risks can be reduced by encouraging international cooperation through diplomatic means and environmental quality can be protected in this way.

Keywords

Environmental Pollution, Environmental Policies, Natural Resources, Geopolitical Risk, Informal Economy, Renewable Energy

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Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

Econometrics (Other), Informal Economy, Natural Resources Economy, Sustainable Development, Environment Policy

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Research Article

Authors

Mümine Korkmaz Nalbant ^*
0009-0007-4796-9934
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

December 29, 2025

Publication Date

December 29, 2025

Submission Date

May 25, 2025

Acceptance Date

October 3, 2025

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Year 2025 Volume: 14 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.37460/sid.1704620

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA88EB67UU

APA

Korkmaz Nalbant, M. (2025). Kayıt Dışı Ekonominin, Jeopolitik Riskin, Doğal Kaynak Kullanımının Çevre Kirliliği Üzerindeki Etkisi Nedir? Katı Çevre Politikalarının ve Yenilenebilir Enerjinin Önemi. Sakarya Üniversitesi İktisat Dergisi, 14(3), 194-214. https://doi.org/10.37460/sid.1704620

AMA

1.Korkmaz Nalbant M. Kayıt Dışı Ekonominin, Jeopolitik Riskin, Doğal Kaynak Kullanımının Çevre Kirliliği Üzerindeki Etkisi Nedir? Katı Çevre Politikalarının ve Yenilenebilir Enerjinin Önemi. Sakarya Üniversitesi İktisat Dergisi. 2025;14(3):194-214. doi:10.37460/sid.1704620

Chicago

Korkmaz Nalbant, Mümine. 2025. “Kayıt Dışı Ekonominin, Jeopolitik Riskin, Doğal Kaynak Kullanımının Çevre Kirliliği Üzerindeki Etkisi Nedir? Katı Çevre Politikalarının Ve Yenilenebilir Enerjinin Önemi”. Sakarya Üniversitesi İktisat Dergisi 14 (3): 194-214. https://doi.org/10.37460/sid.1704620.

EndNote

Korkmaz Nalbant M (December 1, 2025) Kayıt Dışı Ekonominin, Jeopolitik Riskin, Doğal Kaynak Kullanımının Çevre Kirliliği Üzerindeki Etkisi Nedir? Katı Çevre Politikalarının ve Yenilenebilir Enerjinin Önemi. Sakarya Üniversitesi İktisat Dergisi 14 3 194–214.

IEEE

[1]M. Korkmaz Nalbant, “Kayıt Dışı Ekonominin, Jeopolitik Riskin, Doğal Kaynak Kullanımının Çevre Kirliliği Üzerindeki Etkisi Nedir? Katı Çevre Politikalarının ve Yenilenebilir Enerjinin Önemi”, Sakarya Üniversitesi İktisat Dergisi, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 194–214, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.37460/sid.1704620.

ISNAD

Korkmaz Nalbant, Mümine. “Kayıt Dışı Ekonominin, Jeopolitik Riskin, Doğal Kaynak Kullanımının Çevre Kirliliği Üzerindeki Etkisi Nedir? Katı Çevre Politikalarının Ve Yenilenebilir Enerjinin Önemi”. Sakarya Üniversitesi İktisat Dergisi 14/3 (December 1, 2025): 194-214. https://doi.org/10.37460/sid.1704620.

JAMA

1.Korkmaz Nalbant M. Kayıt Dışı Ekonominin, Jeopolitik Riskin, Doğal Kaynak Kullanımının Çevre Kirliliği Üzerindeki Etkisi Nedir? Katı Çevre Politikalarının ve Yenilenebilir Enerjinin Önemi. Sakarya Üniversitesi İktisat Dergisi. 2025;14:194–214.

MLA

Korkmaz Nalbant, Mümine. “Kayıt Dışı Ekonominin, Jeopolitik Riskin, Doğal Kaynak Kullanımının Çevre Kirliliği Üzerindeki Etkisi Nedir? Katı Çevre Politikalarının Ve Yenilenebilir Enerjinin Önemi”. Sakarya Üniversitesi İktisat Dergisi, vol. 14, no. 3, Dec. 2025, pp. 194-1, doi:10.37460/sid.1704620.

Vancouver

1.Mümine Korkmaz Nalbant. Kayıt Dışı Ekonominin, Jeopolitik Riskin, Doğal Kaynak Kullanımının Çevre Kirliliği Üzerindeki Etkisi Nedir? Katı Çevre Politikalarının ve Yenilenebilir Enerjinin Önemi. Sakarya Üniversitesi İktisat Dergisi. 2025 Dec. 1;14(3):194-21. doi:10.37460/sid.1704620

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Kayıt Dışı Ekonominin, Jeopolitik Riskin, Doğal Kaynak Kullanımının Çevre Kirliliği Üzerindeki Etkisi Nedir? Katı Çevre Politikalarının ve Yenilenebilir Enerjinin Önemi

Abstract

Keywords

What is the Impact of the Informal Economy, Geopolitical Risk, and Natural Resource Use on Environmental Pollution? The Importance of Strict Environmental Policies and Renewable Energy

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