FİLMLERDEKİ PEYZAJ YAKLAŞIMLARI VE KAVRAMLARI; PEYZAJ MİMARLIĞI BAĞLAMINDA BİR YORUMLAMA

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 331 - 365, 08.10.2021

Sema Mumcu

https://doi.org/10.32001/sinecine.865928

Öz

Sanatın bir dalı olarak sinema; insan, yer ve peyzajı anlamak üzere bir araç sağlar. Ancak peyzaj mimarlığında film peyzajlarının potansiyelini görmezden gelen bir araştırma, eğitim ve meslek yaklaşımı yaygındır. Bu çalışmada film peyzajlarına ilişkin yaklaşımların tartışılmasının, peyzajın çok katmanlı ve açık uçlu yapısının daha derinlemesine ve iyi anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunacağı varsayılmıştır. Böylece bu çalışma bilimsel yöntem anlayışının benimsenmesiyle kültürel köklerinden kopmuş olan peyzaj mimarlığı disiplininin tekrar daha güçlü bir peyzaj anlayışına kavuşmasına katkıda bulunmayı amaçlar. Bu nedenle çalışmada film peyzajlarına ilişkin kavramlaştırmalar tespit edilmiş ve irdelenmiştir. Film peyzajları üzerinden tartışmalar yürüten çeşitli araştırmalar saptanmış; içerik analizi ile peyzaja ilişkin kavramsal yaklaşımlar ve filmler üzerinden yaptıkları açıklamalar incelenmiştir. Daha sonra kavramlaştırmanın temelinde yer alan durumlar (işlev, denetim, sosyal inşa, yorumlanma vb. gibi) tanımlanmış ve peyzaj kavramları listelenmiştir. Yapılan araştırma, film peyzajlarının daha çok film ve kültürel coğrafya araştırmaları bağlamında ele alınmış olduğunu ve peyzaj mimarlığı araştırmalarında film peyzajlarına odaklanmanın yaygınlaşması gerekliliğini ortaya koymuştur. Film peyzajlarına ilişkin araştırmalarda peyzajlar genellikle üstlendikleri işlevlere, yorumlanma, temsil edilme ya da sosyal inşa şekillerine göre kavramlaştırılmışlardır. Peyzajın en sık karşılaşılan kavramlaştırma şeklinin kahramanların içsel psikolojik süreçlerine ayna tutması üzerine olduğu görülür. Bu ise peyzaj ve insan kavramlarının karşılıklı birbirlerine bağlılığını yansıtır. Ayrıca filmlerde peyzajı canlı bir varlık, oyuncu, filmin bir çalışanı olarak gören yaklaşımlar, peyzaj mimarlığında fiziksel peyzaj boyutundan öteye geçen, duyarlılık ve farkındalık geliştiren bakış açılarının gelişmesine katkıda bulunabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Film peyzajları, peyzaj mimarlığı, peyzaj, film-peyzaj ilişkisi, peyzaj tasarımı

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Proje Numarası

yok

LANDSCAPE APPROACHES AND CONCEPTS IN FILMS; AN INTERPRETATION IN CONTEXT THE OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

Öz

Cinema provides a means of understanding people, places, and landscapes, yet the field of landscape architecture has largely ignored the potential of filmic landscapes in its research, education, and professional approach. Despite this neglect, filmic landscapes have much to contribute to the field, including a deeper understanding of the multi-layered and open-ended nature of landscape. By highlighting the potential that filmic landscapes hold for the discipline of landscape architecture, a field which has been separated from its cultural roots because of its overriding adherence to a purely scientific method of inquiry, this study aims to promote a more robust and holistic understanding of landscape. Drawing predominately on film and cultural-geography research, it identifies and examines, through the use of content analysis, a range of ways that film landscapes have been conceptualized in the scholarly literature; it then explores the terminology (e.g., function, control, social construction, interpretation) underlying these conceptualizations. Existing studies on filmic landscapes often conceptualize landscapes according to the functions they perform and the ways they are interpreted, represented, or socially constructed, most commonly in terms of how they mirror the inner psychological processes of a film’s protagonist. Alternatively, some approach landscape as a living entity and agent in its own right. Both approaches reflect the mutual interdependence of landscape and human beings, and both can contribute to the development of perspectives that go beyond the physical-landscape dimension in landscape architecture and help researchers in the field to develop a broader sensitivity and awareness vis-à-vis their subject.

Anahtar Kelimeler

landscape architecture, landscape, film-landscape relationship, Film landscapes, landscape architecture, landscape, film-landscape relationship, landscape design

Proje Numarası

yok

Kaynakça

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