Assessment of the Spatial and Temporal Variation of Mesozooplankton in the Southern Black Sea, Türkiye

Abstract

This study investigated the taxonomic composition, abundance, and biomass values of mesozooplankton in the marine area in front of two important rivers (Sakarya River and Yeşilırmak River) and the largest port located on the Black Sea coast in Türkiye (Samsun Port) in July 2019 and January 2020. The average mesozooplankton abundance and biomass were 4187.3 ind. m-3 and 89.7 mg m-3 in Sakarya River, 3638.5 ind. m-3 and 78.2 mg m-3 in Samsun Port, and 3327.6 ind.m-3 and 77.6 mg m-3 in Yeşilırmak River, respectively. In July 2019, the highest abundance value of mesozooplankton (8581 ind. m-3) was recorded at SAK08 station off Sakarya River due to the copepod $Acartia$ $clausi$ (3279 ind. m-3). In July 2019, the highest biomass value of mesozooplankton (209.34 mg m-3) was found at YSL07 station off Yeşilırmak River with the contribution of the copepod $Centropages$ $ponticus$ (77.90 mg m-3). In January 2020, the highest abundance and biomass values of mesozooplankton (4035 ind. m-3 and 66.45 mg m-3) were detected at SLI05 station off Samsun Port due to copepod $Acartia$ $clausi$. A difference in mesozooplankton species composition between the two sampling periods was identified. While Cladocera species and copepod $Acartia$ $tonsa$ were exclusive at the sampling stations in July 2019, copepod $Calanus$ $euxinus$, $Pseudocalanus$ $elongatus$ and $Oithona$ $similis$ were observed at the sampling stations in January 2020. Also, in January 2020, the presence of freshwater Cladocera species was detected off Sakarya River. The changes in biodiversity were determined to depend on temperature changes and riverine input.

Keywords

• Species composition
• abundance
• biomass
• Sakarya River
• Samsun Port
• Yeşilırmak River

Güney Karadeniz’in Mesozooplanktonun Mekansal ve Zamansal Değişiminin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Mevcut çalışmada, Temmuz 2019 ve Ocak 2020’de Türkiye'nin Karadeniz kıyılarında yer alan iki önemli nehir (Sakarya Nehri ve Yeşilırmak Nehri) ile Karadeniz’in en büyük limanı olan Samsun Limanı önündeki denizel alandaki mesozooplanktonun taksonomik kompozisyonu, bolluk ve biyokütle değerleri incelenmiştir. Ortalama mesozooplankton bolluğu ve biyokütlesi sırasıyla Sakarya Nehri’nde 4187.3 birey m-3 ve 89.7 mg m-3, Samsun Limanı’nda 3638.5 birey m-3 ve 78.2 mg m-3 ve Yeşilırmak Nehri’nde 3327.6 birey m-3 ve 77.6 mg m-3 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Temmuz 2019’da mezozooplanktonun en yüksek bolluk değeri, Sakarya Nehri açıklarındaki SAK08 istasyonunda kopepod $Acartia$ $clausi$’nin yüksek katkısı (3279 birey m-3) nedeniyle kaydedilmiştir. Temmuz 2019’da mezozooplanktonun en yüksek biyokütle değeri ise Yeşilırmak Nehri açıklarındaki YSL07 istasyonunda, kopepod $Centropages$ $ponticus$’un yüksek katkısıyla (77.90 mg m-3) belirlenmiştir. Ocak 2020’de mesozooplanktonun en yüksek bolluk ve biyokütle değerleri (4035 birey m-3 ve 66.45 mg m-3) Samsun Limanı açıklarındaki SLI05 istasyonunda kopepod $Acartia$ $clausi$’nin yüksek katkısı ile tespit edilmiştir. Mesozooplankton tür kompozisyonunda iki örnekleme dönemi arasında farklılık saptanmıştır. Cladocera türleri ve copepod $Acartia$ $tonsa$ Temmuz 2019’da örnekleme istasyonlarında tespit edilmişken, $Calanus$ $euxinus$, $Pseudocalanus$ $elongatus$ ve $Oithona$ $similis$ Ocak 2020’de örnekleme istasyonlarında gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca Ocak 2020’de Sakarya Nehri açıklarında tatlısu Cladocera türlerinin varlığı saptanmıştır. Biyoçeşitlilikteki değişikliklerin sıcaklık değişimlerine ve nehir girdisine bağlı olduğu belirlenmiştir

Keywords

• Tür kompozisyonu
• bolluk
• biyokütle
• Sakarya Nehri
• Samsun Limanı
• Yeşilırmak Nehri

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