Abstract
The Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) set an example for Muslims in all aspects. He showed believers how the Qur'an should be understood in different areas of life. Undoubtedly wars, or more generally, the collective struggle of people, is a phenomenon that will continue until the end of the world. The Prophet, in his own words, was a prophet of war and mercy. Islam is a religion of peace, but allowed to fight when necessary, and the prophet Muhammad (pbuh), took part in some wars himself. Therefore, the rules he set about war or how he understands the verses of the Qur'an about war are of vital importance for Muslims. Claiming that the Prophet never fought is inconsistent with historical facts. However, his battles are not similar to the wars of the great warrior emperors. There is no example in history of such great success with so few wars and losses.
For this reason, he is unique too in finding solutions without fighting. He is the owner of a great strategy, such as sowing peace into wars. This article throws a little light on how societies should defend themselves or how warring societies should reconcile.
As peoples who have seen devastating wars in the name of peace in the east and west in recent centuries, we need to retrospectively reanalyze Prophet’s (pbuh) wars. Quantitative information about the number of soldiers, historical records of where and when his wars were made, events reported in hadiths and theoretical rules in the fiqh literature are available in all details. Without going into unnecessary details, we evaluated the objectives, reasons, strategies and tactics of his battles, the methods of motivating his soldiers and his believers, the rules he set during the wars, the way he behaved towards his enemies and the results of all these. We will try to understand whether wars may have a peace goal or whether moral and legal rules can restrain the conflicts.