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The Number You Are Calling Is Not Available: A Qualitative Study on the Employee’s Right to Disconnect

Year 2024, , 270 - 292, 30.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.54733/smar.1505325

Abstract

Right to disconnect is defined as not being directly or indirectly engaged in work-related activities or communications through digital tools outside working hours. The purpose of this study is to examine the views and experiences of employees regarding the right to disconnect. For this reason, the research is structured with a phenomenological design. The participants of the study are white-collar employees who work/worked in private sector enterprises in Turkey. In this research, people of different ages, genders and positions were reached through purposive sampling method. Within the scope of the research, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 people from different positions and sectors. The data analyzed by content analysis method are presented as themes. Maxqda 2020 Analitycs Pro program was used to visualize and present the data. Participants’ experiences of the phenomenon of right to disconnect, the means of reaching, reasons for responding, reactions and measures were identified as themes. The results of the study indicate that there are no established practices regarding employees’ right to disconnect within the institutions where the participants are employed. The most frequently highlighted method of out-of-hours accessibility reported by participants was the telephone. The constant accessibility of employees outside working hours is detrimental to work-life balance. Developing HR policies and an organizational culture to address this issue is crucial. This study aims to raise awareness about employees’ right to be disconnect during non-working hours.

Ethical Statement

Bu araştırma, Tarsus Üniversitesi Etik Komisyonu’nun 2024/45 karar sayılı, 16/05/2024 tarihli yazısı ile etik açıdan uygun bulunmuştur.

Supporting Institution

Yok.

Thanks

Yok.

References

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  • Arnaboldi, M., Robbiani, A., & Carlucci, P. (2021). On the relevance of self-service business intelligence to university management. Journal of Accounting and Organizational Change, 17(1), 5-22. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAOC-09-2020-0131
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  • Barber, L., & Jenkins, J. (2014). Creating technological boundaries to protect bedtime: Examining work–home boundary management, psychological detachment and sleep. Stress and Health, 30(3), 259-264. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2536
  • Barley, S. R., Meyerson, D. E., & Grodal, S. (2011). E-mail as a source and symbol of stress. Organization Science, 22(4), 887-906. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1100.0573
  • Bayramoğlu, G. (2018). İş/aile sınırı teorisi bağlamında kadın akademisyenlerin iş/yaşam dengesinin sağlanmasına yönelik bir araştırma. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 17(68), 1722-1744. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.433355
  • Berg, B. L., & Lune, H. (2015). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (H. Aydın, Çev., 8. Baskı). Eğitim Kitabevi.
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  • Byrne, J., & Canato, A. (2017). It’s been a hard day’s night: Work family interface and employee engagement. Organizational Dynamics, 46(2), 104-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2017.04.006
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  • Dettmers, J. (2017). How extended work availability affects well-being: The mediating roles of psychological detachment and work-family conflict. Work & Stress, 31(1), 24-41. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2017.1298164
  • Dettmers, J., Bamberg, E., & Seffzek, K. (2016). Characteristics of extended availability for work: The role of demands and resources. International Journal of Stress Management, 22(3), 276-297. https://doi.org/10.1037/str0000014
  • Diaz, I., Chiaburu, D., Zimmerman, R., & Boswell, W. (2012). Communication technology: Pros and cons of constant connection to work. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(2), 500-508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2011.08.007
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  • Froger-Michon, C., & Sihler, M. (2016). Right to disconnect enshrined in French labour law. CMS Francis Lefebvre Avocats. https://cms.law/en/fra/publication/right-to-disconnect-enshrined-in-french-labour-law (Erişim Tarihi: 28 Nisan 2024).
  • Giurge, L. M., & Bohns, V. K. (2021). You don’t need to answer right away! Receivers overestimate how quickly senders expect responses to non-urgent work emails. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 167, 114-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2021.08.002
  • Giurge, L. M., Whillans, A. V., & West, C. (2020). Why time poverty matters for individuals, organisations, and nations. Nature Human Behaviour, 4, 993-1003. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-0920-z
  • Heinzelmann, R. (2017). Accounting logics as a challenge for ERP system implementation: A field study of SAP. Journal of Accounting and Organizational Change, 13(2), 162-187. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAOC-10-2015-0085
  • Hesselberth, P. (2018). Discourses on disconnectivity and the right to disconnect. New Media & Society, 20(5), 1994-2010. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444817711449
  • Kaya, T. (2024). İşçinin ulaşılabilir olmama hakkı. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(1), 233-269. https://doi.org/10.34246/ahbvuhfd.1314881
  • Lee, S., Zhou, Z. E., Xie, J., & Guo, H. (2021). Work-related use of information and communication technologies after hours and employee fatigue: The exacerbating effect of affective commitment. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 36(6), 477-490. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-12-2019-0677
  • MacCormick, J. S., Dery, K., & Kolb, D. G. (2012). Engaged or just connected? Smartphones and employee engagement. Organizational Dynamics, 41(3), 194-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2012.03.007
  • Mansour, S., Mohanna, D., & Tremblay, D.G. (2022). The dark side of hyperconnectivity in the accounting profession. Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change, 18(5), 685-703. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAOC-12-2020-0211
  • Mazmanian, M., Orlikowski, W. J., & Yates, J. (2013). The autonomy paradox: The implications of mobile email devices for knowledge professionals. Organization Science, 24(5), 1337-1357. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1120.0806
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Aradığınız Kişiye Şu An Ulaşılamıyor: Çalışanların Ulaşılabilir Olmama Haklarına İlişkin Nitel Bir Araştırma

Year 2024, , 270 - 292, 30.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.54733/smar.1505325

Abstract

Ulaşılabilir olmama, çalışma saatleri dışında, dijital araçlar vasıtasıyla işle ilgili faaliyetler veya haberleşmelerle doğrudan ya da dolaylı olarak meşgul olmama olarak ifade edilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, çalışanların ulaşılabilir olmama hakkına ilişkin görüşlerinin ve deneyimlerinin incelenmesidir. Bu gerekçeyle araştırma, fenomenoloji deseniyle yapılandırılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını, Türkiye’de özel sektörde faaliyet gösteren işletmelerde çalışan/çalışmış olan beyaz yakalı çalışanlar oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırmada farklı yaş, cinsiyet ve pozisyondan kişilere amaçlı örnekleme yöntemiyle ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında farklı pozisyon ve sektörlerden 10 kişiyle yarı yapılandırılmış mülakatlar gerçekleştirilmiştir. İçerik analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilen veriler, temalar halinde sunulmuştur. Verilerin görselleştirilerek sunulmasında Maxqda 2020 Analitycs Pro programından yararlanılmıştır. Katılımcıların ulaşılabilir olmama fenomenine ilişkin deneyimleri, ulaşma aracı, cevap vermenin nedenleri, tepkiler ve önlemler temalar olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, katılımcıların çalıştıkları kurumlarda çalışanların ulaşılabilir olmama hakkıyla ilgili uygulamaların olmadığı ifade edilebilir. Katılımcıların en fazla vurguladıkları mesai dışında ulaşılabilirlik aracı telefon olmuştur. Çalışanların iş dışında iletişim araçlarıyla ulaşılabilir durumda olması ve her an işle meşgul olması iş-yaşam dengesini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Buna yönelik insan kaynakları politikalarının ve örgüt kültürünün inşa edilmesinin önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın, çalışanların ulaşılabilir olmama haklarıyla ilgili farkındalık kazandıracağı düşünülmektedir.

References

  • Ammons, S. K., & Markham, W. T. (2004). Working at HDome: Experiences of skilled white collar workers. Sociological Spectrum, 24(2), 191-238. https://doi.org/10.1080/02732170490271744
  • Arlinghaus, A., & Nachreiner, F. (2013). When work calls – Associations between being contacted outside of regular working hours for work-related matters and health. Chronobiology International, 30(9), 1197-1202. https://doi.org/10.3109/07420528.2013.800089
  • Arnaboldi, M., Robbiani, A., & Carlucci, P. (2021). On the relevance of self-service business intelligence to university management. Journal of Accounting and Organizational Change, 17(1), 5-22. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAOC-09-2020-0131
  • Ashforth, B. E., Kreiner, G. E., & Fugate, M. (2000). All in a day's work: Boundaries and micro role transitions. The Academy of Management Review, 25(3), 472-491. https://doi.org/10.2307/259305
  • Atay, S. E. (2022). Örgütlerde çalışanların erişilememe hakkı. Dora Yayınları.
  • Barber, L., & Jenkins, J. (2014). Creating technological boundaries to protect bedtime: Examining work–home boundary management, psychological detachment and sleep. Stress and Health, 30(3), 259-264. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2536
  • Barley, S. R., Meyerson, D. E., & Grodal, S. (2011). E-mail as a source and symbol of stress. Organization Science, 22(4), 887-906. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1100.0573
  • Bayramoğlu, G. (2018). İş/aile sınırı teorisi bağlamında kadın akademisyenlerin iş/yaşam dengesinin sağlanmasına yönelik bir araştırma. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 17(68), 1722-1744. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.433355
  • Berg, B. L., & Lune, H. (2015). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (H. Aydın, Çev., 8. Baskı). Eğitim Kitabevi.
  • Bergman, A., & Gardiner, J. (2007). Employee availability for work and family: Three Swedish case studies. Employee Relations, 29(4), 400-414. https://doi.org/10.1108/01425450710759226
  • Brown, R., Duck, J., & Jimmieson, N. (2014). E-mail in the workplace: The role of stress appraisals and normative response pressure in the relationship between e-mail stressors and employee strain. International Journal of Stress Management, 21(4), 325-347.
  • Byrne, J., & Canato, A. (2017). It’s been a hard day’s night: Work family interface and employee engagement. Organizational Dynamics, 46(2), 104-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2017.04.006
  • Cambier, R., Derks, D., & Vlerick, P. (2019). Detachment from work: A diary study on telepressure, smartphone use and empathy. Psychologica Belgica, 59(1), 227-245. https://doi.org/10.5334/pb.477
  • Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing grounded theory: A practical guide through qualitative analysis. Sage Publications.
  • Charmaz, K. (2015). Gömülü (Grounded) teori yapılandırması (R. Hoş, Çev., 2. Baskı). Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Christensen, L. B., Johnson, R. B., & Turner, L. A. (2020). Araştırma yöntemleri desen ve analiz (A. Alpay, Çev., 3. Baskı). Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2018). Nitel araştırma yöntemleri: Beş yaklaşıma göre nitel araştırma ve araştırma deseni (M. Bütün, & S. B. Demir, Çev., 4. Baskı). Siyasal Kitabevi.
  • Çatalkaya, U. (2021). Çalışma saatleri dışında zihniniz halen iş ile mi meşgul? Özel yaşam ile iş yaşamı arasındaki sınırların bulanıklaşması ve ulaşılabilir olmama hakkı üzerine. KHAS Hukuk Bülteni. https://hukukbulteni.khas.edu.tr/bulten/35 (Erişim Tarihi: 28 Nisan 2024).
  • Derks, D., & Bakker, A. B. (2014). Smartphone use, work–home interference, and burnout: A diary study on the role of recovery. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 63(3), 411-440. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2012.00530.x
  • Derks, D., Bakker, A. B., Peters, P., & van Wingerden, P. (2016). Work-related smartphone use, work–family conflict and family role performance: The role of segmentation preference. Human Relations, 69(5), 1045-1068. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726715601890
  • Dettmers, J. (2017). How extended work availability affects well-being: The mediating roles of psychological detachment and work-family conflict. Work & Stress, 31(1), 24-41. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2017.1298164
  • Dettmers, J., Bamberg, E., & Seffzek, K. (2016). Characteristics of extended availability for work: The role of demands and resources. International Journal of Stress Management, 22(3), 276-297. https://doi.org/10.1037/str0000014
  • Diaz, I., Chiaburu, D., Zimmerman, R., & Boswell, W. (2012). Communication technology: Pros and cons of constant connection to work. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(2), 500-508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2011.08.007
  • EPRS. (2021). Thinking about future EU policy, the future of work – Trends, challenges and potential initiatives. Briefingç. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/en/document/EPRS_BRI(2021)679097 (Erişim Tarihi: 28 Nisan 2024).
  • Erlandson, D. A., Harris, E. L., Skipper, B. L., & Allen, S. D. (1993). Doing naturalistic inquiry. Sage.
  • Froger-Michon, C., & Sihler, M. (2016). Right to disconnect enshrined in French labour law. CMS Francis Lefebvre Avocats. https://cms.law/en/fra/publication/right-to-disconnect-enshrined-in-french-labour-law (Erişim Tarihi: 28 Nisan 2024).
  • Giurge, L. M., & Bohns, V. K. (2021). You don’t need to answer right away! Receivers overestimate how quickly senders expect responses to non-urgent work emails. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 167, 114-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2021.08.002
  • Giurge, L. M., Whillans, A. V., & West, C. (2020). Why time poverty matters for individuals, organisations, and nations. Nature Human Behaviour, 4, 993-1003. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-0920-z
  • Heinzelmann, R. (2017). Accounting logics as a challenge for ERP system implementation: A field study of SAP. Journal of Accounting and Organizational Change, 13(2), 162-187. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAOC-10-2015-0085
  • Hesselberth, P. (2018). Discourses on disconnectivity and the right to disconnect. New Media & Society, 20(5), 1994-2010. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444817711449
  • Kaya, T. (2024). İşçinin ulaşılabilir olmama hakkı. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(1), 233-269. https://doi.org/10.34246/ahbvuhfd.1314881
  • Lee, S., Zhou, Z. E., Xie, J., & Guo, H. (2021). Work-related use of information and communication technologies after hours and employee fatigue: The exacerbating effect of affective commitment. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 36(6), 477-490. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-12-2019-0677
  • MacCormick, J. S., Dery, K., & Kolb, D. G. (2012). Engaged or just connected? Smartphones and employee engagement. Organizational Dynamics, 41(3), 194-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2012.03.007
  • Mansour, S., Mohanna, D., & Tremblay, D.G. (2022). The dark side of hyperconnectivity in the accounting profession. Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change, 18(5), 685-703. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAOC-12-2020-0211
  • Mazmanian, M., Orlikowski, W. J., & Yates, J. (2013). The autonomy paradox: The implications of mobile email devices for knowledge professionals. Organization Science, 24(5), 1337-1357. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1120.0806
  • Merriam, S. B. (2015). Qualitative research: A guide to design and practice (S. Turan, Çev.). Nobel.
  • Parlement Européen. (2021). Résolution du Parlement européen du 21 janvier 2021 contenant des recommandations à la Commission sur le droit à la déconnexion. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-9-2021-0021_FR.html (Erişim Tarihi: 24 Mayıs 2024).
  • Patton, M. Q. (2018). Nitel araştırma ve değerlendirme yöntemleri (M. Bütün & S. B. Demir, Çev., 2. Baskı). Pegem Akademi.
  • Polkinghorne, D. E. (1989). Phenomenological research methods. In R. S. Valle, & S. Halling (Eds.), Existential-phenomenological perspectives in psychology (pp. 41-60). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6989-3_3
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There are 54 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Human Resources Management
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Fatma Zehra Yıldız 0000-0002-0631-6589

Publication Date July 30, 2024
Submission Date June 26, 2024
Acceptance Date July 28, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

APA Yıldız, F. Z. (2024). Aradığınız Kişiye Şu An Ulaşılamıyor: Çalışanların Ulaşılabilir Olmama Haklarına İlişkin Nitel Bir Araştırma. Sosyal Mucit Academic Review, 5(2), 270-292. https://doi.org/10.54733/smar.1505325