Çifte Ayrımcılık: Türkiye'deki Suriyeli ve Ukraynalı Göçmen Girişimcilerin İş İlanlarına Yönelik Tutumlar

Year 2024, , 315 - 342, 28.10.2024

Edib Ali Pehlivanlı

https://doi.org/10.54733/smar.1506325

Abstract

Bu çalışma vignette (kısa hikaye) deney yöntemi kullanarak göçmen girişimcilere karşı ayrımcı tutumları incelemektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, etnik kökene dayalı önyargıların, göçmen girişimcilerin işe ilanlarına başvuru niyetlerini nasıl etkilediğini, özellikle Suriyeli ve Ukraynalı girişimcileri Türk girişimcilerle karşılaştırarak değerlendirmektir. Araştırmanın hedefleri arasında; Göçmen girişimcilere karşı ayrımcı uygulamaların, göçmen işçilere karşı yaşananlardan farklı olup olmadığını belirlemek; Türkiye’de göçmen girişimcilere karşı ayrımcılığın varlığını ve doğasını keşfetmek, bu ayrımcılığın tercih temelli ve/veya istatistiksel temelli olmasını incelemek; Orta Doğu (Suriye) ve Avrupa (Ukrayna) kökenli girişimciler arasında potansiyel çifte ayrımcılığı araştırmak; İş ilanlarında girişimcinin etnik kökenine ilişkin ipuçlarının yer almasının başvurucunun başvuru niyetini doğrudan etkileyip etkilemediğini analiz etmek. Elde edilen bulgular, göçmen girişimcilerin önemli bir ayrımcılığa maruz kaldığını, Suriyeli girişimcilerin Ukraynalılara kıyasla daha fazla önyargı ile karşılaştığını, bunun nedeninin jeopolitik ve kültürel faktörlere dayandığını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma, göçmen çalışanların karşılaştıkları ayrımcılığı araştıran önceki çalışmalardan farklılaşarak, göçmen girişimcilerin iş ilanlarına karşı potansiyel başvurucuların tutumlarını inceleyerek ayrımcılık araştırmalarına yeni bir perspektif sunmaktadır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, göçmen girişimcileri desteklemek ve Türk ekonomisine katılımlarını artırmak için kapsayıcı politika ve uygulamaların gerektiği, daha adil ve katılımcı bir girişimcilik ortamına ihtiyaç olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.

Keywords

tercih temelli ayrımcılık, istatistiksel ayrımcılık, göçmen girişimciler, istihdam engelleri

Double Discrimination: Attitudes toward Syrian and Ukrainian Immigrant Entrepreneurs' Job Postings in Türkiye

Abstract

This study uses a vignette experiment to examine the discriminatory attitudes towards immigrant entrepreneurs. The aim is to assess how biases based on ethnicity affect the job application intentions directed towards immigrant entrepreneurs, specifically comparing those from Syria and Ukraine with their Turkish counterparts. The research addresses several objectives: to determine whether discriminatory practices against immigrant entrepreneurs differ from those faced by immigrant workers; to explore the presence and nature of discrimination against immigrant entrepreneurs in Türkiye, including taste-based and statistical forms of discrimination; to investigate potential double discrimination between entrepreneurs of Middle Eastern (Syria) and European (Ukraine) origins; and to analyze whether ethnic cues in job advertisements influence job application intentions. Findings reveal that immigrant entrepreneurs experience significant discrimination, with Syrian entrepreneurs facing more bias compared to Ukrainians, influenced by geopolitical and cultural factors. This study offers a new perspective by examining how potential applicants respond to job advertisements from immigrant entrepreneurs, differing from previous research on discrimination faced by immigrant workers. The results highlight the need for inclusive policies and practices to support immigrant entrepreneurs and enhance their participation in the Turkish economy, contributing to a more equitable and diverse entrepreneurial landscape.

Keywords

taste-based discrimination, statistical discrimination, immigrant entrepreneurs, employment barriers

Ethical Statement

The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by Aksaray University - Human Research Ethics Committee No. 2023/06-29, approval date: 23 October 2023.

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