Investigation of the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Hydroxyzine Hihydrochloride in Mammalian Macrophages on the PI3K and P38 Pathway

Abstract

Objective: Depression is a common mental disorder that affects patients' health-related quality of life. Hydroxyzine hydrochloride (HHCL), which is among the antihistamines, is generally used in allergic treatments. Also, HHCL, has been routinely used in the treatment of anxiety, mental distress and stress in recent years. Although there are many studies on hydroxyzine chloride, there is not enough information in the literature about the effects of this drug on the immune system. Materials and Methods: Previous studies suggest that some antidepressants are anti-inflammatory and anti-analgesic. Therefore, the immunomodulatory activities of one of these drugs, Hydroxyzine hydrochloride, on mammalian macrophages were analyzed in flow cytometry to determine the possible intracellular mechanisms of action of the phosphorylated (active) p38 MAPK and PI3K proteins. Results: It has been found that Hydroxyzine hydrochloride applied to macrophage cells causes a significant decrease in the levels of p38 MAPK and PI3K proteins. Conclusion: According to these data, Hydroxyzine hydrochloride (HHCL), had different effects on macrophages. While HHCL triggers a mild inflammatory response in non-activated macrophages; it had anti-inflammatory effects on already activated macrophages. Intracellular mechanisms of action of HHCL were partially via the p38 MAPK and PI3K pathways.

Keywords

• Anti-inflammatory activity
• hydroxyzine hydrochloride
• macrophages
• ; inflammation
• depression

Hidroksizin Hidroklorürün Memeli Makrofajlarında Anti-inflamatuar Aktivitesinin PI3K ve P38 Yolu Üzerinde Araştırılması

Abstract

Amaç: Depresyon, hastaların sağlıkla ilgili yaşam kalitesini etkileyen yaygın bir ruhsal bozukluktur. Antihistaminikler arasında yer alan hidroksizin hidroklorür (HHCL) genellikle alerjik tedavilerde kullanılmaktadır. Ayrıca HHCL, son yıllarda anksiyete, zihinsel sıkıntı ve stres tedavisinde rutin olarak kullanılmaktadır. Hidroksizin klorür ile ilgili birçok çalışma olmasına rağmen literatürde bu ilacın bağışıklık sistemi üzerindeki etkileri hakkında yeterli bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Önceki çalışmalar, bazı antidepresanların anti-inflamatuar ve anti-analjezik olduğunu düşündürmektedir. Bu nedenle, bu ilaçlardan birinin, Hidroksizin hidroklorürün memeli makrofajları üzerindeki immünomodülatör aktiviteleri, fosforile edilmiş (aktif) p38 MAPK ve PI3K proteinlerinin olası hücre içi etki mekanizmalarını belirlemek için akış sitometrisinde analiz edildi. Bulgular: Makrofaj hücrelerine uygulanan Hidroksizin hidroklorürün, p38 MAPK ve PI3K proteinlerinin düzeylerinde önemli bir azalmaya neden olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Bu verilere göre Hidroksizin hidroklorür (HHCL), makrofajlar üzerinde farklı etkilere sahipti. HHCL, aktive olmayan makrofajlarda hafif bir inflamatuar yanıtı tetiklerken; zaten aktive olan makrofajlar üzerinde anti-inflamatuar etkileri vardı. HHCL'nin hücre içi etki mekanizmaları, kısmen p38 MAPK ve PI3K yolları aracılığıyla olmuştur.

Keywords

• Antiinflamatuar aktivite
• hidroksizin hidroklorür
• makrofajlar
• enflamasyon
• depresyon

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