Evaluation of the Frequency of Non-Motor Symptoms in Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease by Gender and Disease Stage

Year 2024, , 47 - 53, 31.03.2024

Sena Boncuk , Yeşim Güzey Aras

https://doi.org/10.31832/smj.1273461

Abstract

Purpose: Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease (IPD) is a chronic, progressive, neurodegenerative disease affecting basal ganglia, especially the substantia nigra pars compacta, and dopaminergic neurons in the brain stem. Although IPD is defined as a movement disorder with motor symptoms, it also affects many systems such as limbic, autonomic, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary systems. The aim of our study is to evaluate the frequency of NMS in IPD, which is often overlooked in clinical practice and has serious effects on patients' quality of life.
Method: A total of 97 patients were included in the study, 31 of whom were in the mild stage, 30 in the moderate stage, and 36 in the severe stage. REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), constipation, presence of hyposmia-anosmia, history of appendectomy and excessive daytime sleepiness, depression, orthostatic hypotension, apathy, forgetfulness, hallucinations, sleep problem, pain, fatigue, dizziness, and frequent urination findings have been noted from patients files.
Results: There was no significant difference (p >0,05) between the rates of appendectomy, prodromal stage symptoms, and NMS between genders (Table 2). Only forgetfulness, dreaming and fatigue were found to be statistically significantly (p<0,05) lower in mild-stage IPD patients than in the moderate and severe stages.
Conclusion: In conclusion, NMS consists of many neuropsychiatric, autonomic, and sensory symptoms that can be seen in every stage of IPD from the prodromal stage to the severe stage, and they increase the disability caused by the motor findings of IPD and decrease the quality of life.

Keywords

Parkinson's Disease, Non-motor symptoms, Disease Stage, Gender

İdiyopatik Parkinson Hastalığında Non-Motor Semptomların Sıklığının Cinsiyet ve Hastalık Evresine Göre Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: İdiyopatik Parkinson Hastalığı (IPH), bazal gangliyonları, özellikle substantia nigra pars compacta'yı ve beyin sapındaki dopaminerjik nöronları etkileyen kronik, ilerleyici, nörodejeneratif bir hastalıktır. İPH, motor semptomları olan bir hareket bozukluğu olarak tanımlansa da limbik, otonomik, gastrointestinal ve genitoüriner sistemler gibi birçok sistemi de etkiler. Çalışmamızın amacı, klinik pratikte sıklıkla gözden kaçan ve hastaların yaşam kalitesi üzerinde ciddi etkileri olan NMS’lerin İPH'de sıklığını değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 31 hafif evre, 30 orta evre ve 36 ağır evre olmak üzere toplam 97 hasta dahil edildi. REM uykusu davranış bozukluğu (RBD), kabızlık, hiposmi-anosmi varlığı, apendektomi öyküsü ve gündüz aşırı uyku hali, depresyon, ortostatik hipotansiyon, apati, unutkanlık, halüsinasyonlar, uyku problemi, ağrı, yorgunluk, baş dönmesi ve sık idrara çıkma bulguları hasta dosyalarından not edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Cinsiyetler arasında apendektomi, prodromal evre semptomları ve NMS oranları arasında anlamlı fark izlenmedi (p >0,05) (Tablo 2). Sadece unutkanlık, rüya görme ve yorgunluk hafif evre İPH hastalarında orta ve ağır evrelere göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde (p<0,05) daha düşük bulundu.
Sonuç: Sonuç olarak NMS, İPH'nin prodromal evresinden şiddetli evresine kadar her evresinde görülebilen birçok nöropsikiyatrik, otonomik ve duyusal semptomdan oluşur ve İPH'nin motor bulgularının neden olduğu yeti yitimini arttırır ve yaşam kalitesini düşürür.

Keywords

Parkinson Hastalığı, Non-motor semptomlar, Hastalık evresi, Cİnsiyet

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