The Effect of Ceftriaxone on Penicillin-Induced Epileptiform Activity in Rats: An Electrophysiological Study

Year 2024, , 34 - 46, 31.03.2024

Zeynep Kasap Acungil , Şeyma Özsoy

https://doi.org/10.31832/smj.1369398

Abstract

Purpose: Epilepsy is a set of chronic neurological disorders characterized by seizures associated with abnormal and uncontrolled neuronal activity of the brain. Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Excitatory amino acid transporter-2 (EAAT2), one of the major glutamate transporters, is responsible for total glutamate intake. Ceftriaxone is a β-lactam antibiotic that increases EAAT-2 expression and functional activity. This study aims to investigate the effects of ceftriaxone on penicillin- induced epileptiform activity by using electrocorticography (ECoG) in anesthetized rats.
Method: In this study, 35 Wistar male rats were used. The rats were divided into five groups of 7. In group 1, 2.5 μL 500 IU of penicillin intracranially (i.c.) and 1 ml saline solution and intraperitoneally (i.p.) were given, respectively. In group 2, 200 mg/kg, i.p. of ceftriaxone was administered 30 minutes after penicillin. In group 3, 400 mg/kg of ceftriaxone was administered i.p. 30 minutes after penicillin. 500 mg/kg of sodium valproate was administered i.p. following 30 minutes of penicillin in group 4. In group 5, 400 mg/kg, i.p. of ceftriaxone and 500 mg/kg, i.p. of sodium valproate were administered 30 minutes after penicillin. After the surgical procedure the rats were placed in a stereotaxic device and electrocorticogram recordings were captured for 210 minutes.
Results: The acute treatment of ceftriaxone reduced spike-wave frequency and spike-wave amplitude of penicillin-induced epileptiform activity in the rats.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that acute ceftriaxone had an anticonvulsant effect on penicillin-induced focal onset epileptic activity. Ceftriaxone may have an anti-epileptogenic potential.Materials and Methods: In this study, 35 Wistar male rats were used. The rats were divided into five groups of 7. In group 1, 2.5 μL 500 IU of penicillin intracranially (i.c.) and 1 ml saline solution and intraperitoneally (i.p.) were given, respectively. In group 2, 200 mg/kg, i.p. of ceftriaxone was administered 30 minutes after penicillin. In group 3, 400 mg/kg of ceftriaxone was administered i.p. 30 minutes after penicillin. 500 mg/kg of sodium valproate was administered i.p. following 30 minutes of penicillin in group 4. In group 5, 400 mg/kg, i.p. of ceftriaxone and 500 mg/kg, i.p. of sodium valproate were administered 30 minutes after penicillin. The rats were placed in a stereotaxic device after the procedure, and electrocorticogram recordings were captured for 180 minutes.
Results: The acute treatment of ceftriaxone reduced spike-wave frequency and spike-wave amplitude of penicillin-induced epileptiform activity in the rats.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that acute ceftriaxone had an anticonvulsant effect on penicillin-induced focal onset epileptic activity. Ceftriaxone may has an anti-epileptogenic potential.

Keywords

Experimental epilepsy, Ceftriaxone, Electrocorticography

Penı̇sı̇lı̇n ile Oluşturulan Deneysel Epilepsi Modelinde Seftrı̇aksonun Etkı̇sı̇: Elektrofı̇zyolojı̇k Bı̇r Çalışma

Abstract

Amaç: Epilepsi, beynin anormal ve koordinesiz nöronal aktivitesi ile ilişkili nöbetlerle karakterize bir dizi kronik nörolojik bozukluktur. Glutamat, merkezi sinir sistemindeki ana uyarıcı nörotransmitterdir. Başlıca glutamat taşıyıcılarından biri olan eksitatör amino asit taşıyıcı-2 (EAAT2), toplam glutamat alımından sorumludur. Seftriakson, EAAT-2 ekspresyonunu ve fonksiyonel aktivitesini artıran bir β-laktam antibiyotiktir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, seftriaksonun penisilin ile indüklenen epileptiform aktivite üzerindeki etkilerini anestezi uygulanmış sıçanlarda elektrokortikografi (ECoG) kullanarak araştırmaktır.
Yöntem ve Gereçler: Bu çalışmada 35 Wistar erkek sıçan kullanıldı. Sıçanlar 7'şerli beş gruba ayrıldı. Grup 1'e sırasıyla 2.5 μL 500 IU penisilin intrakraniyal (i.c.) ve 1 ml salin solüsyonu intraperitoneal (i.p.) olarak verildi. Grup 2'de penisilinden 30 dakika sonra 200 mg/kg, i.p. seftriakson uygulandı. Grup 3'te penisilinden 30 dakika sonra 400 mg/kg seftriakson i.p. olarak uygulandı. Grup 4'te penisilinden 30 dakika sonra 500 mg/kg sodyum valproat i.p. olarak uygulandı. Grup 5'te penisilinden 30 dakika sonra 400 mg/kg i.p. seftriakson ve 500 mg/kg i.p. sodyum valproat uygulanmıştır. Sıçanlar işlemden sonra stereotaksik cihaza yerleştirildi ve 180 dakika boyunca elektrokortikogram kayıtları alındı.
Bulgular: Seftriaksonun akut tedavisi sıçanlarda penisilin ile indüklenen epileptiform aktivitenin diken dalga frekansını ve diken dalga genliğini azaltmıştır.
Sonuç: Bu bulgular, akut seftriaksonun penisilin ile indüklenen fokal başlangıçlı epileptik aktivite üzerinde antikonvülsan bir etkiye sahip olabileceğini göstermektedir. Seftriaksonun anti-epileptojenik bir potansiyeli olabilir.

Keywords

deneysel epilepsi, seftriakson, elektrokortikografi

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