Tüberküloz ve D Vitamini Arasındaki İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi: Güncel Yaklaşımlar

Abstract

D vitamini güneş ışınları aracılığıyla deride sentezlenen ve iskelet sistemi üzerinde olumlu etkileri bulunan steroid yapıda bir hormondur. D vitamininin bağışıklık sistemi üzerindeki rolü, bağışıklık hücrelerinde D vitamini reseptörlerinin belirlenmesi ve makrofajlar, monositler ile aktive edilmiş T hücreleri gibi bağışıklık hücrelerinde D vitamininin aktif formunun tanımlanmış olmasıyla saptanmıştır. D vitamini, katelisidin ve defensin gibi antimikrobiyal peptidlerin salınımını artırarak, otofajiyi uyararak, Toll benzeri reseptörlerin sinyalizasyonunu değiştirerek, anti-inflamatuvar sitokinlerin salınımını artırarak ve dendritik hücrelerle T ve B lenfositlerin regülasyonunu sağlayarak doğal ve kazanılmış bağışıklık sistemini modüle etmektedir. Mycobacterium tuberculosis etkeninin sebep olduğu sistemik bir bakteriyel enfeksiyon olan tüberküloza karşı, D vitamini bu mekanizmalarla olumlu etki göstermektedir. Bu derlemede D vitamininin tüberküloz hastalığı üzerindeki etkilerinin son güncel literatür verilerine göre incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Keywords

• Bağışıklık,D vitamini,enfeksiyon

Evaluation of the Association Between Tuberculosis and Vitamin D: Current Approaches

Abstract

Vitamin D is a steroid hormone synthesized in the skin through sunlight and has positive effects on skeletal system. The role of vitamin D on the immune system have been demonstrated with the detection of vitamin D receptors in immune cells and the discovery that vitamin D can be converted into active form in immune cells such as macrophages, monocytes, activated T cells. Vitamin D modulates the innate and adapted immune system by increasing the release of antimicrobial peptides such as cathelicidine and defensin, stimulating autophagy, modifying Toll-like receptor signaling, increasing the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines and regulating dendritic cells, T and B lymphocytes. Against tuberculosis, a systemic bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, vitamin D has a positive effect through these mechanisms. In this review, the effects of vitamin D on tuberculosis are aimed to be analyzed according to the latest current literature.

Keywords

• Immunity,Vitamin D,infection,tuberculosis

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