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Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Patients with COVID-19

Year 2022, , 624 - 633, 28.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.31832/smj.982705

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to determine the main demographic features of COVID-19, reveal the clinical differences to patients in other countries, evaluate severe adverse effects in terms of number and types of comorbidities, and provide information about prognosis possibilities.
Materials and Methods: Patients’ records, followed at Sakarya University Hospital between late March 2020 and late April 2020 with a diagnosis of COVID-19, were evaluated for this study. Demographic features were noted retrospectively with records, and data were recorded in the MS Excel program for analysis with SPSS. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results: The records of 1443 cases, 704 (48.8%) women and 739 (51.2%) men, a mean age of 44.98 ± 18.72, were examined retrospectively. Among them, 9.9% were medical staff, 1.8% had a history of travel abroad, and 1.1% were pregnant. Radiological findings of 59.4% of our polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positive patients were compatible with COVID. The mean length of hospital stay was 4.5 days. Frequent comorbidities were hypertension, diabetes (DM), and ischemic heart disease. Eighty (5.5%) patients treated in intensive care (ICU) died.
Conclusion: Based on the data of 1443 patients, the mean length of hospitalization of COVID-19 patients was 4.5 days, or followed up in intensive care, having DM and a long period of hospitalization, which increased mortality risk. None of the outpatients died.

References

  • Lu R, Zhao X, Li J, Niu P, Yang B, Wu H, et al. Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding. Lancet. 2020 Feb 22;395(10224):565-574. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30251-8
  • World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Situation report – 140. Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200608-covid-19-sitrep-140.pdf?sfvrsn=2f310900_2, Cited: 2020 June 9.
  • Chan JF, Yuan S, Kok KH, To KK, Chu H, Yang J, et al. A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. Lancet. 2020 Feb 15;395(10223):514-523. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30154-9 Cited: 2020 Jul 25
  • World Health Organization. Coronavirus. Available from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus#tab=tab_3, Cited: 2020 Jul 25.
  • Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72 314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. JAMA. 2020 Apr 7;323(13):1239-1242. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.2648
  • Liu K, Fang YY, Deng Y, Liu W, Wang MF, Ma JP, et al. Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus cases in tertiary hospitals in Hubei Province. Chin Med J (Engl). 2020 May 5;133(9):1025-1031. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000744
  • Bajema KL, Oster AM, McGovern OL, Lindstrom S, Stenger MR, Anderson TC, et al. Persons Evaluated for 2019 Novel Coronavirus- United States, January 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 Feb 14;69(6):166-170. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6906e1
  • Spiteri G, Fielding J, Diercke M, Campese C, Enouf V, Gaymard A, et al. First cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the WHO European Region, 24 January to 21 February 2020. Euro Surveill. 2020 Mar; 25(9):2000178. doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.9.2000178
  • COVID-19 Investigation Team. Clinical and virologic characteristics of the first 12 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the United States. Nat Med. 2020 Jun;26(6):861-868. doi: 10.1038/s41591-020-0877-5
  • Smoll N. Review for “Epidemiological, clinical, and virological characteristics of 465 hospitalized cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) from Zhejiang province in China.” 2020. doi:10.1111/irv.12758/v1/review2
  • Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, Liang WH, Ou CQ, He JX, et al. Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2020 Apr 30;382(18):1708-1720. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032
  • Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020 Feb 15;395(10223):497-506. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
  • Severe Covid-19 GWAS Group, Ellinghaus D, Degenhardt F, Bujanda L, Buti M, Albillos A, et al. Genomewide Association Study of Severe Covid-19 with Respiratory Failure. N Engl J Med. 2020 Oct 15;383(16):1522-1534. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2020283
  • Petrilli CM, Jones SA, Yang J, Rajagopalan H, O'Donnell L, Chernyak Y, et al. Factors associated with hospital admission and critical illness among 5279 people with coronavirus disease 2019 in New York City: prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2020 May 22;369:m1966. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m1966
  • Avaner E. İleri Teknoloji Tıbbi Cihazlar ve Sınırlı Kaynakların Adil Paylasimi; Manyetik Rezonans (MR) ve Bilgisayarli Tomografi (BT) Cihazları Örnekleri. Türkiye Biyoetik Dergisi. 2019;6:100–108. doi: 10.5505/tjob.2019.39306
  • Tang D, Comish P, Kang R. The hallmarks of COVID-19 disease. PLoS Pathog. 2020 May 22;16(5):e1008536. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008536
  • Onder G, Rezza G, Brusaferro S. Case-Fatality Rate and Characteristics of Patients Dying in Relation to COVID-19 in Italy. JAMA. 2020 May 12;323(18):1775-1776. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.4683
  • Li M, Dong Y, Wang H, Guo W, Zhou H, Zhang Z, et al. Cardiovascular disease potentially contributes to the progression and poor prognosis of COVID-19. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2020 Jun 25;30(7):1061-1067. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.04.013
  • Hussain A, Bhowmik B, do Vale Moreira NC. COVID-19 and diabetes: Knowledge in progress. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020 Apr;162:108142. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108142
  • Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, et al. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020 Mar 17;323(11):1061-1069. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.1585
  • Richardson S, Hirsch JS, Narasimhan M, Crawford JM, McGinn T, Davidson KW, et al. Presenting Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes Among 5700 Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in the New York City Area. JAMA. 2020 May 26;323(20):2052-2059. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.6775
  • Arentz M, Yim E, Klaff L, Lokhandwala S, Riedo FX, Chong M, et al. Characteristics and Outcomes of 21 Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 in Washington State. JAMA. 2020 Apr 28;323(16):1612-1614. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.4326

COVID-19 Hastalarının Klinik Özellikleri ve Prognostik Faktörler

Year 2022, , 624 - 633, 28.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.31832/smj.982705

Abstract

Amaç: COVID-19 için başlıca demografik özelliklerin belirlenmesini, diğer ülkelerdeki hastalara göre klinik farkları ortaya koymayı, ciddi yan etki riskinin komorbidite sayısı ve tipine göre değerlendirilmeyi ve olası prognozla ilgili bilgileri ortaya çıkarmayı amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu araştırma Sakarya Üniversitesi hastanesinde 27 Mart 2020- 27 Nisan 2020 tarihleri arasında COVID-19 enfeksiyonu tanısıyla izlenen hastaların kayıtlarından elde edilmiştir. Hastalara ait demografik özellikler hasta kayıtlarından retrospektif olarak elde edilmiş, elde edilen veriler MS Excell programına kayıt edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler SPSS programıyla analiz edilerek karşılaştırılmış ve p<0.05 istatistiki olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur.
Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması 44.98±18.72 olan 704 (%48,8) kadın ve 739 (%51,2) erkek olmak üzere toplam 1443 olgunun retrospektif kayıtları incelenmiştir. Hastaların %9,9'u sağlık personeli olup, %1,8'inde yurt dışı öyküsü varken, %1,1'i gebeydi. PCR pozitif olan hastalarımızın %59,4'ünde COVID ile uyumlu radyolojik görünüm vardı. Hastalarımızın ortalama yatış süresi 4,5 gündü. Hastalarımıza en sık eşlik eden komorbid durumlar hipertansiyon, diyabet ve iskemik kalp hastalığı idi. Yoğun bakım tedavisi alan hastaların 80'i (%5,5) öldü.
Sonuç: 1443 hastanın verisine göre; COVID-19 hastalarının ortalama yatış süresi 4,5 gün olup, yoğun bakımda izlenmek, diyabeti olmak ve uzun süre yatırılıyor olmak ölüm açısından riskliydi. Ayaktan izlenen hastaların hiçbirinde ölüm gözlenmedi.

References

  • Lu R, Zhao X, Li J, Niu P, Yang B, Wu H, et al. Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding. Lancet. 2020 Feb 22;395(10224):565-574. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30251-8
  • World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Situation report – 140. Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200608-covid-19-sitrep-140.pdf?sfvrsn=2f310900_2, Cited: 2020 June 9.
  • Chan JF, Yuan S, Kok KH, To KK, Chu H, Yang J, et al. A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. Lancet. 2020 Feb 15;395(10223):514-523. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30154-9 Cited: 2020 Jul 25
  • World Health Organization. Coronavirus. Available from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus#tab=tab_3, Cited: 2020 Jul 25.
  • Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72 314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. JAMA. 2020 Apr 7;323(13):1239-1242. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.2648
  • Liu K, Fang YY, Deng Y, Liu W, Wang MF, Ma JP, et al. Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus cases in tertiary hospitals in Hubei Province. Chin Med J (Engl). 2020 May 5;133(9):1025-1031. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000744
  • Bajema KL, Oster AM, McGovern OL, Lindstrom S, Stenger MR, Anderson TC, et al. Persons Evaluated for 2019 Novel Coronavirus- United States, January 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 Feb 14;69(6):166-170. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6906e1
  • Spiteri G, Fielding J, Diercke M, Campese C, Enouf V, Gaymard A, et al. First cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the WHO European Region, 24 January to 21 February 2020. Euro Surveill. 2020 Mar; 25(9):2000178. doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.9.2000178
  • COVID-19 Investigation Team. Clinical and virologic characteristics of the first 12 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the United States. Nat Med. 2020 Jun;26(6):861-868. doi: 10.1038/s41591-020-0877-5
  • Smoll N. Review for “Epidemiological, clinical, and virological characteristics of 465 hospitalized cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) from Zhejiang province in China.” 2020. doi:10.1111/irv.12758/v1/review2
  • Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, Liang WH, Ou CQ, He JX, et al. Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2020 Apr 30;382(18):1708-1720. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032
  • Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020 Feb 15;395(10223):497-506. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
  • Severe Covid-19 GWAS Group, Ellinghaus D, Degenhardt F, Bujanda L, Buti M, Albillos A, et al. Genomewide Association Study of Severe Covid-19 with Respiratory Failure. N Engl J Med. 2020 Oct 15;383(16):1522-1534. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2020283
  • Petrilli CM, Jones SA, Yang J, Rajagopalan H, O'Donnell L, Chernyak Y, et al. Factors associated with hospital admission and critical illness among 5279 people with coronavirus disease 2019 in New York City: prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2020 May 22;369:m1966. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m1966
  • Avaner E. İleri Teknoloji Tıbbi Cihazlar ve Sınırlı Kaynakların Adil Paylasimi; Manyetik Rezonans (MR) ve Bilgisayarli Tomografi (BT) Cihazları Örnekleri. Türkiye Biyoetik Dergisi. 2019;6:100–108. doi: 10.5505/tjob.2019.39306
  • Tang D, Comish P, Kang R. The hallmarks of COVID-19 disease. PLoS Pathog. 2020 May 22;16(5):e1008536. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008536
  • Onder G, Rezza G, Brusaferro S. Case-Fatality Rate and Characteristics of Patients Dying in Relation to COVID-19 in Italy. JAMA. 2020 May 12;323(18):1775-1776. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.4683
  • Li M, Dong Y, Wang H, Guo W, Zhou H, Zhang Z, et al. Cardiovascular disease potentially contributes to the progression and poor prognosis of COVID-19. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2020 Jun 25;30(7):1061-1067. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.04.013
  • Hussain A, Bhowmik B, do Vale Moreira NC. COVID-19 and diabetes: Knowledge in progress. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020 Apr;162:108142. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108142
  • Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, et al. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020 Mar 17;323(11):1061-1069. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.1585
  • Richardson S, Hirsch JS, Narasimhan M, Crawford JM, McGinn T, Davidson KW, et al. Presenting Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes Among 5700 Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in the New York City Area. JAMA. 2020 May 26;323(20):2052-2059. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.6775
  • Arentz M, Yim E, Klaff L, Lokhandwala S, Riedo FX, Chong M, et al. Characteristics and Outcomes of 21 Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 in Washington State. JAMA. 2020 Apr 28;323(16):1612-1614. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.4326
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Meltem Karabay 0000-0001-7105-7176

Oğuz Karabay 0000-0003-1514-1685

Abdülkadir Aydın 0000-0003-0663-586X

Aziz Öğütlü 0000-0003-3840-4038

Selçuk Yaylacı 0000-0002-6768-7973

Hamad Dheir 0000-0002-3569-6269

Ertuğrul Güçlü 0000-0003-2860-2831

Emel Yılmaz 0000-0002-2331-1894

Hande Toptan 0000-0001-6893-8490

Mehmet Köroğlu 0000-0001-8101-1104

Fatih Güneysu 0000-0002-8433-3763

Ahmed Bilal Genç 0000-0002-1607-6355

Kezban Özmen Süner 0000-0002-9822-4031

Havva Kocayigit 0000-0002-8719-7031

Ali Fuat 0000-0001-6994-397X

Hasan Ekerbiçer 0000-0003-0064-3893

Yusuf Aydemir 0000-0003-2479-2949

Yusuf Yurumez 0000-0003-3917-9434

Yakup Tomak 0000-0001-7458-0501

Yasemin Gündüz 0000-0002-8373-4792

Mehmet Halil Öztürk 0000-0002-4530-7167

Mehmet Akif Çakar 0000-0003-3216-4205

Publication Date December 28, 2022
Submission Date August 13, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022

Cite

AMA Karabay M, Karabay O, Aydın A, Öğütlü A, Yaylacı S, Dheir H, Güçlü E, Yılmaz E, Toptan H, Köroğlu M, Güneysu F, Genç AB, Özmen Süner K, Kocayigit H, Fuat A, Ekerbiçer H, Aydemir Y, Yurumez Y, Tomak Y, Gündüz Y, Öztürk MH, Çakar MA. Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Patients with COVID-19. Sakarya Tıp Dergisi. December 2022;12(4):624-633. doi:10.31832/smj.982705

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