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Evaluation of Acute Enteritis Cases in Adults Presenting to the Emergency Department: A Single Tertiary Care Hospital Experience

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 16 - 22, 27.03.2025
https://doi.org/10.31832/smj.1576476

Abstract

Introduction: Acute enteritis can occur due to numerous bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections. This clinical condition can have various spectra in vulnerable patient groups with immunodeficiency and inflammatory bowel disease. This study aimed to examine cases of acute enteritis in the emergency unit of a tertiary-care hospital.
Material and Methods: This cohort study was conducted with consecutive patients between September 2022 and November 2023. The clinical, laboratory, and microbiological data of the 194 patients were retrospectively examined. Patients with immunocompromised (IC) or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were analyzed in a healthy population.
Results: The mean age of patients was 47 ± 19 (19 - 91). One-third of the patients had IC, and in the stool analysis, leukocytes and blood were positive in one-third and one-twentieth of the patients, respectively. Only one-tenth of patients had positive stool culture results. IC patients presented with metabolic acidosis, increased creatinine levels, and acute-phase reactant levels. Despite the lower prevalence of leukocytes and blood in stool samples, culture positivity was higher in IC patients.
Conclusion: Stool culture positivity was low for the diagnosis of acute enteritis. Culture examination is important in IC patients, even in the absence of direct microscopic findings. Because patients with IC are more susceptible to complications, clinical assessment is important.

References

  • GBD 2017 Diarrhoeal Disease Collaborators. Quantifying risks and interventions that have affected the burden of diarrhoea among children younger than 5 years: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020;20(1):37-59. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30401-3
  • GBD 2016 Diarrhoeal Disease Collaborators. Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of diarrhoea in 195 countries: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018;18(11):1211-1228. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30362-1
  • The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) Diarrheal diseases-Level 3 cause Available from:https://www.healthdata.org/results/gbd_summaries/2019/diarrheal-diseases-level-3-cause (accessed 08.12.2023)
  • Shane AL, Mody RK, Crump JA, Tarr PI, Steiner TS, Kotloff K et al. 2017 Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Infectious Diarrhea. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;65(12):e45-e80. doi:10.1093/cid/cix669
  • Riddle MS, DuPont HL, Connor BA. ACG Clinical Guideline: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Acute Diarrheal Infections in Adults. Am J Gastroenterol. 2016;111(5):602-622. doi:10.1038/ajg.2016.126
  • Rohner P, Pittet D, Pepey B, Nije-Kinge T, Auckenthaler R. Etiological agents of infectious diarrhea: Implications for requests for microbial culture. J Clin Microbiol. 1997;35(6):1427-1432. doi:10.1128/jcm.35.6.1427-1432.1997
  • Gordon H, Biancone L, Fiorino G, et al. ECCO Guidelines on Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Malignancies. J Crohns Colitis. 2023;17(6):827-854. doi:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac187
  • Dropulic LK, Lederman HM. Overview of Infections in the Immunocompromised Host. Microbiol Spectr. 2016;4(4):10.1128/microbiolspec.DMIH2-0026-2016. doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.DMIH2-0026-2016
  • Kellum JA, Romagnani P, Ashuntantang G, Ronco C, Zarbock A, Anders HJ. Acute kidney injury. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2021;7(1):52. Published 2021 Jul 15. doi:10.1038/s41572-021-00284-z

Acil Birimine Başvuran Yetişkin Akut Enterit Vakalarının Retrospektif Değerlendirilmesi: Üçüncü basamak tek merkez deneyimi

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 16 - 22, 27.03.2025
https://doi.org/10.31832/smj.1576476

Abstract

Giriş: Akut enterit, birçok bakteriyel, viral ve paraziter enfeksiyon nedeniyle gelişebilir. Bu klinik durum, immün yetmezlik ve inflamatuar bağırsak hastalığı gibi hassas hasta gruplarında farklı spektrumlar gösterebilir. Bu çalışma, bir üçüncül sağlık hizmeti hastanesinin acil servisinde akut enterit vakalarını incelemeyi amaçlamıştır.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Bu kohort çalışması, Eylül 2022 ile Kasım 2023 arasında ardışık hastalarla gerçekleştirilmiştir. 194 hastanın klinik, laboratuvar ve mikrobiyolojik verileri retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. İmmün yetmezlik (İY) veya inflamatuar bağırsak hastalığı (İBH) bulunan hastalar, sağlıklı popülasyonla karşılaştırılarak analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Hastaların ortalama yaşı 47 ± 19 (19 - 91) olarak bulunmuştur. Hastaların üçte biri İY'ye sahipti, gaytada lökosit ve kan değerleri sırasıyla üçte bir ve yirmide bir oranında pozitif bulunmuştur. Hastaların yalnızca onda birinin dışkı kültürü pozitif olarak sonuçlanmıştır. İY'li hastalarda metabolik asidoz, artmış kreatinin düzeyleri ve akut faz reaktanları seviyeleri gözlemlenmiştir. Dışkı örneklerinde lökosit ve kan pozitiflik oranlarının düşük olmasına rağmen, kültür pozitifliği İY'li hastalarda daha yüksek bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Akut enterit tanısında dışkı kültürü pozitifliği düşük bulunmuştur. Kültür incelemesi, doğrudan mikroskopik bulgular olmasa bile, İY'li hastalarda önemlidir. İY'li hastalar komplikasyonlara karşı daha duyarlı olduklarından, klinik değerlendirme büyük önem taşımaktadır.

References

  • GBD 2017 Diarrhoeal Disease Collaborators. Quantifying risks and interventions that have affected the burden of diarrhoea among children younger than 5 years: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020;20(1):37-59. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30401-3
  • GBD 2016 Diarrhoeal Disease Collaborators. Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of diarrhoea in 195 countries: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018;18(11):1211-1228. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30362-1
  • The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) Diarrheal diseases-Level 3 cause Available from:https://www.healthdata.org/results/gbd_summaries/2019/diarrheal-diseases-level-3-cause (accessed 08.12.2023)
  • Shane AL, Mody RK, Crump JA, Tarr PI, Steiner TS, Kotloff K et al. 2017 Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Infectious Diarrhea. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;65(12):e45-e80. doi:10.1093/cid/cix669
  • Riddle MS, DuPont HL, Connor BA. ACG Clinical Guideline: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Acute Diarrheal Infections in Adults. Am J Gastroenterol. 2016;111(5):602-622. doi:10.1038/ajg.2016.126
  • Rohner P, Pittet D, Pepey B, Nije-Kinge T, Auckenthaler R. Etiological agents of infectious diarrhea: Implications for requests for microbial culture. J Clin Microbiol. 1997;35(6):1427-1432. doi:10.1128/jcm.35.6.1427-1432.1997
  • Gordon H, Biancone L, Fiorino G, et al. ECCO Guidelines on Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Malignancies. J Crohns Colitis. 2023;17(6):827-854. doi:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac187
  • Dropulic LK, Lederman HM. Overview of Infections in the Immunocompromised Host. Microbiol Spectr. 2016;4(4):10.1128/microbiolspec.DMIH2-0026-2016. doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.DMIH2-0026-2016
  • Kellum JA, Romagnani P, Ashuntantang G, Ronco C, Zarbock A, Anders HJ. Acute kidney injury. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2021;7(1):52. Published 2021 Jul 15. doi:10.1038/s41572-021-00284-z
There are 9 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Gastroenterology and Hepatology, ​Internal Diseases, Clinical Microbiology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Merve Guzel Dirim 0000-0002-6065-4423

Naci Şenkal 0000-0001-7072-8724

Hilal Senkal 0000-0003-3036-9143

Kaan Akın 0009-0001-4811-1864

Barış Emekdaş 0000-0001-8648-2941

Alpay Medetalibeyoğlu 0000-0002-5829-9186

Tufan Tükek 0000-0002-4237-1163

Early Pub Date March 21, 2025
Publication Date March 27, 2025
Submission Date December 1, 2024
Acceptance Date February 25, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 15 Issue: 1

Cite

AMA Guzel Dirim M, Şenkal N, Senkal H, Akın K, Emekdaş B, Medetalibeyoğlu A, Tükek T. Evaluation of Acute Enteritis Cases in Adults Presenting to the Emergency Department: A Single Tertiary Care Hospital Experience. Sakarya Tıp Dergisi. March 2025;15(1):16-22. doi:10.31832/smj.1576476

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