Effects of Subsurface Drip Irrigation and Water Stress on Sesame Seed Color Characteristics

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 39 - 48, 16.07.2025

Filiz Akın , Çetin Sayılğan , Fatih Alpay Vuran , Ömer Özbek , Bilal Cemek

https://doi.org/10.21657/soilst.1724344

Abstract

Sesame seed color is an important criterion used in selection for marketing and variety development of the product. Although several studies have related seed color to biochemical composition, the effect of irrigation strategies on sesame seed color has not been investigated yet. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of four irrigation levels (I1: 100%, I2: 70%, I3: 40% and I4: rainfed) applied by subsurface drip irrigation system at three different lateral depths (D1: 20 cm, D2: 30 cm and D3: 40 cm) on sesame seed color. The results show that sesame seeds grown under different irrigation levels showed significant differences in a*(red-green) and b* (yellow-blue) color parameters. Water level as the lateral depth of irrigation water increased, the color of sesame seeds lightened. Intensification was observed in the density and overall average color values at 30 cm lateral depth irrigation. Although the values and density are more scattered in the irrigations at 20 and 40 cm depth, an increase is observed in the L* color values obtained in the irrigations at 40 cm depth. In general, an increase was detected in the L* value with the lateral depth. When all the results were evaluated, it was determined that the lateral depth recommended in the study should be 40 cm and the irrigation level should be 70%.

Keywords

Seed quality, CIE L*a*b*, Colorimeter, Irrigation, Lateral depth

References

• Abid, M., Ali, S., Qi, L.K, Zahoor, R., Tian, Z., Jiang, D., Snider, J., & Dai, T. (2018). Physiological and biochemical changes during drought and recovery periods at tillering and jointing stages in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Sci Rep 8, 4615. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-21441-7.
• Baydar, H. A. S. A. N., Marquard, R., & Turgut, I. (1999). Pure line selection for improved yield, oil content and different fatty acid composition of sesame, Sesamum indicum. Plant Breeding, 118(5), 462-464. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.1999.00414.x
• Beatrice, A.W., Augustino, O.O., & Samuel, G. (2006). Seeds oil content and fatty acid composition in East African sesame (Sesamum indicim L.) accessions evaluated over 3 years. Field Crops Research, 97(2-3), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2005.10.009
• Carbonell-Barrachina, A. A., Lluch, M. Á., Perez-Munera, I., Hernando, I., & Castillo, S. (2009). Effects of chemical dehulling of sesame on color and microstructure. Food Science and Technology International, 15(3), 229-234. https://doi.org/10.1177/1082013209339704
• Cui, C., Liu, Y., Liu, Y., Cui, X., Sun, Z., Du, Z., ... & Zheng, Y. (2021). Genome-wide association study of seed coat color in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Plos one, 16(5), e0251526. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251526
• Deihimfard, R., Rahimi-Moghaddam, S., Eyni-Nargeseh, H., & Collins, B. (2023). An optimal combination of sowing date and cultivar could mitigate the impact of simultaneous heat and drought on rainfed wheat in arid regions. European Journal of Agronomy, 147, 126848, 1161- 0301 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2023.126848.
• Eyni-Nargeseh, H., Agha Alikhani, M., Shirani Rad, A.H., Mokhtassi-Bidgoli, A., & Modarres Sanavy, S.A.M (2019). Late season deficit irrigation for water-saving: selection of rapeseed (Brassica napus) genotypes based on quantitative and qualitative features. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 66(1), 126–137. https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2019.1602866.
• FAO, (2023). Food and Agriculture Organization. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/TCL
• Gölükcü, M. (2000). Microwave Applications in Sesame Roasting and the Effects of the Process on the Quality of Sesame and Tahini. MSc Thesis.
• Keller, J., & Bliesner, R. D. (1990). Sprinkle and trickle irrigation.
• Oguz, M.C., Aycan, M., Oguz, E., Poyraz, I., & Yildiz, M. (2022). Drought Stress Tolerance in Plants: Interplay of Molecular, Biochemical and Physiological Responses in Important Development Stages. Physiologia, 2, 180–197. https://doi.org/10.3390/physiologia2040015
• Özpolat, M., Akkaya, M.R., & Bakaçhan, Y. (2021). Some Seed and Oil Properties of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) from Altın (Gökova). Journal of Academic Food. 19(3), 300-308. https://doi.org/10.24323/akademik-gida.1011226
• Pandey, B. B., Ratnakumar, P. B. U. K., Usha Kiran, B., Dudhe, M. Y., Lakshmi, G. S., Ramesh, K., & Guhey, A. (2021). Identifying traits associated with terminal drought tolerance in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12, 739896. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.739896.
• Pathak, H.C., & Dixit, S.K. (1992). Genetic variability and interrelationship studies in black seeded sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Madras Agric. J. 79: 94-100. https://doi.org/10.29321/MAJ.10.A01738
• Pourghasemian, N., Moradi, R., Naghizadeh, M., & Landberg, T. (2020). Mitigating drought stress in sesame by foliar application of salicylic acid, beeswax waste and licorice extract. Agricultural Water Management, 231, 105997, ISSN 0378-3774, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2019.105997.
• Rahimi, A., Kıralan, M., & Arslan, N. (2011). Variation in fatty acid composition of registered poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) seed in Turkey. Academic Food, 9, 22–25.
• Rahimi-Moghaddam, S., Eyni-Nargeseh, H., Ahmadi, S. A. K., & Azizi, K. (2021). Towards withholding irrigation regimes and drought-resistant genotypes as strategies to increase canola production in drought-prone environments: A modeling approach. Agricultural Water Management, 243, 106487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106487.
• Sayılğan, Ç. (2020). The relationships between some phenological and morphological properties of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and the possibilities of using these properties in selection: The Western Mediterranean Region Model. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences, 4(4), 458-465. https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2020.4.9
• Weiss, E.A. (2000). Oilseed crops. 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Science. Oxford, U. K.
• Yol, E. (2011). Characterization of the World Sesame Collection in Terms of Agro-Morphological and Quality Traits and Determination of Genetic Diversity. MSc. Thesis. (in Turkish).
• Zhou, W., Shi, M., Deng, C., Lu, S., Huang, F., Wang, Y., & Kai, G. (2021). The methyl jasmonate-responsive transcription factor SmMYB1 promotes phenolic acid biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Horticulture research, 8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41438-020-00443-5