SOSYAL VE KÜLTÜREL ANTROPOLOJİDE ÖZDÜŞÜNÜMSELLİK: SAHADAN ÖRNEKLER

Year 2020, Volume: 23 Issue: 1, 130 - 156, 28.04.2020

Yağmur Nuhrat

https://doi.org/10.18490/sosars.728322

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Bu yazı 1970’lerde temellenen ve 1980’lerde belirgin biçimde vurgulanan “özdüşünümsellik” (self
reflexivity) sorunsalına odaklanıyor. Özdüşünümselliği, antropoloji bilimini tanımlayan özelliklerden
biri olan devamlı kendini eleştirme ve sorgulama pratikleri çerçevesinde ele alıyorum. Yirminci yüzyılın
başında saha çalışması, kültürel görelilik, dil öğrenme gibi konuları vurgulayan sosyal ve kültürel
antropoloji, yüzyılın ortasından sonra doğrudan bilgi toplama ve üretme süreçlerindeki temsil ve iktidar
meselesini ele almış, hem sömürgecilikle el ele giden tarihini hem de sonrasında gelen “nesnel
gözlemci” varsayımların ortaya koyduğu etnografik yöntem ve kuramlarını yeniden düşünmüştür.
Özdüşünümsellik, yani antropoloğun bir nesnellik hedef ya da kaygısı gütmekten ziyade, kendi
öznelliğinin ve onun getirdiği sorumluluğun farkında olması, bu sayede de kendi kendisinin verisi olma
bileşenlerini okuyucuya aktarma hali, bugün antropolojinin süregelen öz eleştirisinin önemli bir aracıdır.
Futbol ve trafik üzerine olan iki saha çalışmamdan yola çıkarak, kendi cinsiyet ve sınıf öznelliğimin
sorunsal kurma, araştırma sorusu üretme, veri toplama ve bulgu incelemesi aşamalarındaki etkinliğini
tahlil ediyorum.

Keywords

Özdüşünümsellik, Etnografik Yöntemler, Yöntembilim, Yerli Etnograf, antropoloji ve iktidar, saha çalışması

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