The Spanish Left During the Transition to Democracy

Year 2022, Volume: 23 Issue: 42, 117 - 168, 31.01.2022

Uğur Serçe

https://doi.org/10.21550/sosbilder.979424

Abstract

In this study, the policies followed by the Spanish left during the transition to democracy after the death of Franco in Spain are analysed. The analysis is based on the policies followed by the two major parties representing the left in the country, Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) and Communist Party of Spain (PCE). The attitude of the PSOE and the PCE on critical issues and how they contributed to the democratization process, while the democratic administration was established between 1975-1982 in Spain, are the focal points of the study. The impact of the adopted attitudes on the mentioned parties is also evaluated within this scope. The analyses of Nicos Poulantzas on the overthrow of dictatorships are used in the evaluations. In addition to the aforementioned, the political and economic conditions of the country in the examined period also occupy an important place in the study.

Keywords

Spanish left, Franco, transition to democracy, PCE, PSOE

DEMOKRASİYE GEÇİŞ SÜRECİNDE İSPANYA SOLU

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Francisco Franco’nun 1975 yılında ölümünün ardından demokrasiye geçiş sürecinde İspanya solunun takip ettiği politikalar incelenmektedir. İnceleme, ülkede solu temsil eden iki büyük parti olan İspanyol Sosyalist İşçi Partisi (PSOE) ve İspanya Komünist Partisi (PCE) tarafından izlenen politikalardan yola çıkılarak gerçekleştirilmektedir. İspanya’da, 1975 ile 1982 yılları arasında demokratik bir yönetim kurulurken, PSOE ve PCE’nin kritik konularda ne tarz bir tutum içerisinde oldukları ve demokratikleşme sürecine ne şekilde katkı sundukları, çalışmanın odak noktalarını teşkil etmektedir. Benimsemiş oldukları tutumların sözü edilen partiler üzerinde yaratmış olduğu etki de bu kapsamda değerlendirmeye tabi tutulmaktadır. Yapılan değerlendirmelerde, Nicos Poulantzas’ın, diktatörlük rejimlerinin yıkılmasına ilişkin olarak yapmış olduğu analizlerden yararlanılmaktadır. Belirtilenlere ilaveten ele alınan dönemde ülkenin içerisinde bulunduğu siyasi ve ekonomik koşullar da çalışma içerisinde önemli yer tutmaktadır.

Keywords

İspanya solu, Franco, demokrasiye geçiş, PCE, PSOE

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