Abstract
The transition to the constitutional period in the Ottoman Empire took place with the declaration of the The Second Constitutional Era on July 23 1908. Abdulhamid II announced that the Kanun-i Esasi had come into force that the Assembly of Deputies would be opened, and therefore an election would take place as soon as possible. Upon this, an election process was started in the country and the candidates who would enter the parliament both in the center and in the provinces began to be determined. In the elections of 1908, the Unity and Progress Committee succeeded to become the dominant element, as it overthrew the tyranny and restored the constitutionalism. However, in the province of Baghdad, located in the center of Iraqi region, they could not be fully active in the elections and only two deputies were able to enter the parliament as members of the Committee of Union and Progress. This study addresses the 1908 elections in the province of Baghdad as an example of the election process in the Arab provinces during the The Second Constitutional Era. In addition, identities of the elected deputies from Baghdad and their experiences in the parliament are subjects of this article.