DÖNÜŞEN KÜRESEL NÜKLEER DÜZENE YÖNELİK YAKLAŞIMLAR: TÜRKİYE, BREZİLYA VE GÜNEY AFRİKA ÖRNEKLERİ

Year 2023, Volume: 24 Issue: 45, 521 - 537, 31.07.2023

Günay Aylin Gürzel Aka , Kahraman Süvari

https://doi.org/10.21550/sosbilder.1251645

Abstract

Uluslararası sistemde nükleer silahlanmanın çoğalmasını engellemek ve nihai olarak nükleer silahsızlanmanın gerçekleşmesini sağlamak amacıyla oluşturulan çeşitli mekanizmalar ve yapılar, devletlerin büyük çoğunlukla uyum sağladığı küresel bir nükleer düzenin oluşmasına yol açmıştır. Ancak, son dönemde küresel sistemde yaşanan gelişmelere ve birtakım unsurlara bağlı olarak bu düzenin zayıfladığı düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, nükleer silaha sahip olmayan devletlerin söz konusu küresel düzene yönelik duruşları ve yaklaşımları incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, ilk olarak, düzen ve nükleer düzen kavramları açıklanmıştır. Daha sonra nükleer silaha sahip olmayan devletlerin mevcut nükleer düzene yönelik bakış açıları üç devlet üzerinden ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada örnek olarak incelenecek olan bu devletler Türkiye, Brezilya ve Güney Afrika’dır. Çalışmada, nükleer düzenin risk altında olduğu ve nükleer silaha sahip olmayan bu devletlerin her ne kadar benzer kategoride yer almış olsalar da zayıflayan nükleer düzene ve bu düzeni oluşturan yapılara karşı yaklaşımlarında nükleer tecrübelerine, beklentilerine ve güvenlik anlayışlarına bağlı olarak çeşitli farklılıklar görüldüğü sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

uluslararası nükleer düzen, nükleer silahsızlanma, yükselen güçler, uluslararası güvenlik, nükleer silahlar

Approaches to the Transforming Global Nuclear Order: The Cases of Turkey, Brazil and South Africa

Abstract

Various mechanisms and structures established in the international system to curb the spread of nuclear weapons and in the end to ensure the realization of nuclear disarmament have led to the formation of a global nuclear order, in which states mostly adapt. However, it is considered that this order has weakened due to recent developments and some factors in the global system. In this study, the postures and approaches of the non-nuclear weapon states are examined. In the study, firstly the concepts of order and nuclear order are explained. Then, the approaches of non-nuclear weapon states toward the current nuclear order are discussed over three states. These states, which will be examined as cases in the study, are Turkey, Brazil, and South Africa. In this study, it is concluded that the nuclear order is at risk, and although these states that do not have nuclear weapons are in a similar category, there are various differences in their approaches to the weakening nuclear order and the arrangements that make up this order, depending on their nuclear experience, expectations, and security understandings.

Keywords

international nuclear order, nuclear disarmament, rising powers, international security, nuclear weapons

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