SOKAĞA ULAŞMANIN METODOLOJİSİ: SOSYAL HİZMET TEORİSİNDEN SOKAK ÇALIŞMASI

Year 2024, , 51 - 68, 05.10.2024

Hakan Karaman

https://doi.org/10.69514/sosyalsaglik.1498253

Abstract

Bu makale, sosyal hizmet bilim ve mesleğinde az bilinen ve marjinal bir alanı olarak sokak çalışmalarının önem ve gerekliliğini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Sokak çalışmaları, sokakta yaşayan veya sokakla yüksek ilişkili olarak hayatını sürdüren bireylerle doğrudan ve yerinde etkileşim kurarak, onların fiziksel, sosyal, ekonomik ve psikolojik ihtiyaçlarına yanıt vermeyi amaçlayan bir sosyal hizmet uygulamasıdır. Makale, sokak çalışmalarının metodolojik temellerine ve uygulama prensiplerine odaklanmaktadır. Geleneksel hizmet modellerinden farklı olarak sokak çalışmasının kurum dışı uygulama olarak yerinde, esnek ve diyalojik bir yaklaşım ve ilişki biçimiyle yürütülmesi gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır. Bunun yanında sokak çalışmalarının tarihsel gelişimini ve sosyal hizmet mesleği içindeki yerini ele almaktadır. Sosyal hizmetin ilk yıllarında yaygın olarak uygulanan sokak temelli çalışmalar, günümüzde de sosyal hizmetin temel ilkelerini sahaya yansıtan önemli bir alan olarak kabul edilmektedir. Ancak, sosyal hizmet literatürü ve müfredatında sokak çalışmalarına yeterince yer verilmediği ve uygulamaların büyük ölçüde kurum temelli yürütüldüğü belirtilmektedir. Dolayısıyla sokak çalışmaları kurum temelli sosyal hizmet yaklaşımına yönelik tamamlayıcı bir alternatif sunmaktadır. Bu alternatifin keşfedilmesi ve pratik olarak sosyal hizmet sistemine entegre edilmesi, kurumsal hizmet modellerine eriş(e)meyen dezavantajlı bireylerin güçlendirilmesi ve toplumsal refahın genişlemesi açısından önemlidir. Bu kazanımı sağlamak adına ülkemizdeki sosyal hizmet eğitimi ve literatüründe sokak çalışması modelinin daha kapsamlı biçimde yer edinmesi önemlidir.

Keywords

Sokak, Sokak Çalışması, Sosyal Hizmet

THE METHODOLOGY OF REACHING TO THE STREET: THE STREET WORK MODEL FROM SOCIAL WORK THEORY

Abstract

This article aims to highlight the importance and necessity of street work as a lesser-known and marginal area in the science and profession of social work. Street work is a social work practice that aims to respond to the physical, social, economic, and psychological needs of individuals living on the street or maintaining a high relationship with the street by directly interacting with them on-site. The article focuses on the methodological fundementals and working principles of street work. Unlike traditional service models, it emphasizes that street work should be carried out on-site as an institutional practice with a flexible and dialogic approach and form of relationship. Additionally, it addresses the historical development of street work and its place within the social work profession. Street-based work, which was widely practiced in the early years of social work, is today accepted as an important area that reflects the basic principles of social work in the field. However, it is noted that street work is not sufficiently covered in the social work literature and curriculum, and practices are largely institution-based. Therefore, street work offers a complementary alternative to the institution-based social work approach. Discovering and practically integrating this alternative into the social work system is important for empowering disadvantaged individuals who cannot access institutional service models and expanding social welfare. To achieve this gain, it is important to include the street work model more comprehensively in the social work education and literature in our country.

Keywords

Street, Street Work, Social Work

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