Türkiye’de Hanehalkı Gıda Güvensizliğinin Dinamikleri

Year 2022, , 195 - 208, 29.07.2022

Ozlem Ipek

https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2022.03.10

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Yeterli yiyecek, giyecek ve barınma gibi temel ihtiyaçlar, sosyal refahın temelidir. Artan dünya nüfusu ile birlikte yetersiz beslenen insan sayısı da giderek artmaktadır. Bu durum, gelişmekte olan ülkelerdeki farklı sosyoekonomik özelliklere sahip grupların sağlıklı bir yaşam için gerekli gıdaya yeterli erişiminin olmayacağı endişesini artırmaktadır. Bu bağlamda gıda güvensizliği sorunu küresel bir ilgi konusu haline gelmiştir. Hanelerin gıdaya erişimi arasındaki büyük eşitsizlikleri ortadan kaldırmaya veya en azından azaltmaya yönelik politikalar geliştirmek için, hanehalkı gıda güvensizliğinin belirleyicilerini tespit etmek önemlidir. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'deki hanelerin gıda güvensizliğini dinamiğini Gelir ve Yaşam Koşulları Panel Mikro verileri aracılığıyla rassal etkiler logit modelini uygulayarak belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre, eğitim düzeyi, sağlık durumu ve gelir arttıkça gıda güvensizliği olasılığının önemli ölçüde azaldığı bulunmuştur. Erkeklerin gıda güvensizliği olasılığı kadınlara göre %4 daha fazladır. Eğitim ve gelir, gıda güvensizliği üzerinde en etkili değişkenlerdir. Son olarak, 2014 referans yılına göre yıllar itibarıyla gıda güvensizliğindeki ortalama artış da ölçülmüş olup, Türkiye'de gıda güvensizliğinin yıllar içinde 1,5 kattan fazla arttığı hesaplanmıştır.

Keywords

Gıda Güvensizliği, Demografi, Rassal Etkiler Logit Modeli, Panel Veri, Türkiye

The Dynamics of Household Food Insecurity in Turkey

Abstract

Fundamental needs such as adequate food, clothing, and shelter are the foundation of social well-being. With the increasing world population, the number of undernourished people is also gradually increasing. This situation triggers increased concern that groups with different socioeconomic characteristics in developing countries will not have sufficient access to the food necessary for a healthy life. Consequently, the food insecurity issue has become a global topic of interest. Identifying the determinants of household food insecurity is important to develop policies to eliminate or reduce the significant inequalities in households’ access to food. This study seeks to identify the dynamics of households’ food insecurity in Turkey through Income and Living Conditions Longitudinal Microdata applying the random effects logit model. We found that as education level, health status, and income increase, the likelihood of food insecurity significantly decreases. The probability of food insecurity for males is 4% higher than for females. Education and income are the most influential variables of food insecurity. We also measured the average increase in food insecurity over the years compared to the reference year of 2014. Food insecurity has increased by more than 1.5 over the years in Turkey.

Keywords

Food Insecurity, Demographics, Random Effect Logit Regression, Panel Data, Turkey

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