Ekonomik Risk, Ekonomik Özgürlük İndeksi, Yolsuzluk Algısı İndeksi ve İnsani Gelişim İndeksi’nin Mekânsal Analizi

Year 2024, , 213 - 241, 30.07.2024

Yusuf Kalkan

https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2024.03.11

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı 163 ülkenin ekonomik risk (ER), ekonomik özgürlük indeksi (EÖİ), yolsuzluk algısı indeksi (YAİ) ve insani gelişim indeksi (İGİ) açısından mekânsal (komşuluk) ilişkilerini incelemektir. Mekânsal analiz için Moran I, Coğrafi Ağırlıklı Regresyon (GWR) ve Çok Ölçekli Coğrafi Ağırlıklı Regresyon (MGWR) yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. MGWR modelleri, dünya genelinde ülkelerin komşu ülkeleriyle ER, EÖİ ve YAİ açısından güçlü mekânsal ilişkilere sahip olduğunu fakat İGİ açısından anlamlı olmadığını göstermiştir. Bu sonuç ER, EÖİ ve YAİ göstergelerinin daha çok ülke ekonomisiyle ilgili olması ve günümüzde ülkelerin ekonomik yönden birbirine bağımlı hale gelmesiyle açıklanabilir. İGİ ise insan yaşam kalitesine odaklanması ve ülkeler arasındaki sosyal-kültürel farklılıkların varlığı anlamlı mekânsal ilişkilerin olmamasına sebep olabilir.

Keywords

Ekonomik Risk, Ekonomik Özgürlük İndeksi, Yolsuzluk Algısı İndeksi, İnsani Gelişim İndeksi, Mekânsal Otokorelasyon, Coğrafi Ağırlıklı Regresyon, Çok Ölçekli Coğrafi Ağırlıklı Regresyon

Spatial Analysis of Economic Risk, Economic Freedom Index, Corruption Perceptions Index and Human Development Index

Abstract

This study aims to examine the spatial (neighbourhood) relations of 163 countries in terms of economic risk (ER), economic freedom index (EFI), corruption perception index (CPI) and human development index (HDI). Moran I, Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) and Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR) methods were used for spatial analysis. The MGWR models demonstrated that countries globally have strong spatial relationships with their neighbouring countries regarding ER, EFI, and CPI but are not significant regarding HDI. This result can be explained by the fact that ER, EFI and CPI indicators are mostly related to the country's economy and that countries have become economically interdependent today. However, HDI may not have resulted in significant spatial relationships due to its focus on human quality of life and social-cultural differences among countries.

Keywords

Economic Risk, Economic Freedom Index, Corruption Perception Index, Human Development Index, Spatial Autocorrelation, Geographically Weighted Regression, Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression

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