Commons ve Mitchell’in “İktisat” ve “Birey” Tahayyülleri

Year 2018, , 11 - 32, 31.07.2018

Hüsnü Bilir

https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2018.03.01

Abstract

Kökenleri
20. yüzyılın başlarına dek uzanan kurumcu iktisat, insan davranışının ve
iktisadi faaliyetin şekillenmesinde alışkanlık, içgüdü, inanç ve irade gibi
temel kavramlar üzerinde durmaktadır. Bu çerçevede kurumcu iktisat, bir yandan,
bireyin “toplumsal” bir varlık olduğu ön-kabulünden hareketle, toplumsal
yapıların –yani kurumların- birey üzerindeki şekillendirici ve bir nebze de
kısıtlayıcı işlevini ön plana çıkarmakta; diğer yandan da, bireylerin toplumsal
yapıları oluşturduğunu ve şekillendirdiğini vurgulamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın
amacı da, kurumcu iktisadın kurucuları arasında yer alan Commons ve Mitchell
aracılığıyla kurumcu iktisadın “iktisat” ve “birey” tahayyülünü gözler önüne
sermektir.

Keywords

Kurumcu iktisat, John R. Commons, Wesley C. Mitchell, Birey, Toplum

The Conceptions of “Economics” and “Individual” in Commons and Mitchell

Abstract

The institutional economics which is established in the beginnings of twentieth century stresses such basic concepts as habit, instinct, belief and volition in shaping the human behavior and economic activity. The institutional economics accordingly, at one hand, features the moulder and at some degree restraining functions of social structures –namely institutions- upon individuals based on the preconception that the individual is a “social” being; at the other hand, emphasizes that individuals constitute and shape the social structures. This paper aims to demonstrate the conceptions of “economics” and “individual” of institutional economics within the context of Commons and Mitchell.

Keywords

The institutional economics, John R. Commons, Wesley C. Mitchell, Individual, Society

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