BibTex RIS Cite

Corruption in Kyrgyzstan

Year 2008, Volume: 7 Issue: 7, - , 01.06.2008

Abstract

This paper proceeding from the results of recent empirical studies and theoretical arguments on corruption in economic literature attempts to show the factors causing corruption and focuses on some facts of its consequences inKyrgyzstan. Literature on corruption defines main causes of corruption as: 1) Excessive regulatory burden; 2) Weak juridical system; 3) Level of political competition and democracy; 4) Sociological factors; 5) Low wages in public sector Results of application of regression analysis on some causes of corruption inKyrgyzstancorrespond to these arguments. In particularly, relatively high levels of negative relations with corruption have proxies for regulatory burden and for the juridical system. Despite the secretive nature of corruption and difficulty in determining clearly the cost of corruption, some facts on the economic consequences of corruption prove the high cost of corruption inKyrgyzstaneconomy.

References

  • Amundsen, I. (2000), “Corruption: Definition and Concepts”. Chr.Michelsen Institute, Development Studies and Human Rights, <http://www.u4.no/document/showdoc.cfm?id=23> 17.01.2006.
  • Campos, E., Lien, E. and Pradhan, S. (1999), “The Impact of Corruption on Investment: Predictability Matters”, World Development, 27(6), 1059-1067.
  • EBRD and World Bank (2006), Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey 2005, <http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTECAREGTOPANTCOR/Resources/BAAGREV20060208ECA.pdf>, 15.08.2007.
  • Freedom House International (2007), Nations in Transit 2006, <http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=17&year=2006>, 07.07.2007.
  • Gupta, S., Davoodi, H. and Alonsa-Terme, R. (1998), “Does Corruption Affect Income Inequality and Poverty”, World Bank Working Paper, 98 (76), Wahington DC: World Bank.
  • Huntington, S. (1968), Political Order in Changing Societies, New Heaven: Yale University Press.
  • International Republican Institute and United States Agency for International Development (2007), National Interview of Kyrgyzstan 2006, <http://parties.kg/files/IRI_KR_poll_March_06_RUS.pdf>, 07.09.2007.
  • Kaufmann, D., Kraay. A., and Mastruzzi, M. (2007), “Governance Matters IV: Governance Indicators for 1996-2006”, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, No: 3106, Washington, D.C.
  • Kenenbaev, A. (2000), Kyrgyz Corruption Threatens Economic Ruin, <http://www.1worldcommunication.org/newsarchiveindex.htm>, 05.07.2006.
  • Kuehnast, K. and Dudwick, N. (2002), Better a Hundred Friends Than a Hundred Rubles? Social Networks in Transition – The Kyrgyz Republic, World Bank: Washington D.C., 2-5.
  • Leff, N. (1964),“Economic development through bureaucratic corruption’, The American Behavioral Scientist, 8(2), 8–14.
  • Lui, F (1985), “An Equilibrium Queuing Model of Bribery”, Journal of Political Economy, 93(4), 760-781.
  • Mauro, P. (1995), “Corruption and growth”, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110(3), 681–712.
  • Mauro, P. (1997), “Why worry about corruption”, Economic Issues, 6, International Monetary Found, Washington D.C.
  • National Statistical Committee of Kyrgyz Republic (2002), Kyrgyzstan v Tsifrah 2001, (Kyrgyzstan in Numbers), Bishkek 2001.
  • Omarov, N. (2007), “Strana Nepuagnnyh Corruptsionerov ili Komu v Kyrgyzstane Jit Horosho?”, (The country of fearless corruptors or who lives well in Kyrgyzstan?), <http://www.centrasia.ru/newsA.php4?st=1183967880>, 09.07.2007.
  • Omuraliev, K. (2007),“Reguliatorno-administrativnye bariery dlia prepdrinimatelstva v Kyrgyzstane: nereshennye problemy”, (Regulatory-administrative barriers in doing business in Kyrgyzstan: unsolved problems), <http://kg.akipress.org/_ru_analit.php?id=1253>, 19.07.2007.
  • Rijckeghem, V. and Weder, B. (1997), “Corruption and the Rate of Temptation: Do Low Wage Rates in the Civil Service Cause Corruption?” IMF Working Paper, 97 (73), Wahington D.C.: International Monetary Found.
  • Rose-Ackerman, S. (1996), “When Is Corruption Harmful?”, Background paper for the World Bank’s 1997 Development Report, The State in Changing World.
  • Shleifer, A. and Vishny, R. (1993), “Corruption”, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 108(3), 599–617.
  • Svenson, J. (2005), “Eight Questions About Corruption”, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19(3), 19-45.
  • Tanzi, V. (1998), “Corruption Around the World: Causes, Consequences, Scope and Cures”, IMF Staff Papers, 45(4).
  • Tanzi, Vito and Davoodi, Hamid (1997), “Corruption, Public Investment and Growth”, IMF Working Paper, 97/139.
  • Transparency International (2007), 2006 Corruption Perceptions Index, <http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2006>, 01.07.2007.
  • UNDP Kyrgyzstan (2006), Tenevaya Ekonomika v Kyrgyskoi Respublike: Tendentsii, Otsenki i Varianty Politiki, (Shadow Economy in Kyrgyz Republic: Tendencies, Assessments and Variants of Policies), <http://ruc.logincee.org/library_full.asp?LD_ID=11647&TargetLangCode=RU>, 15.08.2007.
  • World Bank (2006), Doing Business 2006, <http://www.doingbusiness.org/documents/DoingBusines2006_fullreport.pdf>, 25.09.2007.

Corruption in Kyrgyzstan

Year 2008, Volume: 7 Issue: 7, - , 01.06.2008

Abstract

This paper proceeding from the results of recent empirical studies and theoretical arguments on corruption in economic literature attempts to show the factors causing corruption and focuses on some facts of its consequences inKyrgyzstan. Literature on corruption defines main causes of corruption as: 1) Excessive regulatory burden; 2) Weak juridical system; 3) Level of political competition and democracy; 4) Sociological factors; 5) Low wages in public sector Results of application of regression analysis on some causes of corruption inKyrgyzstancorrespond to these arguments. In particularly, relatively high levels of negative relations with corruption have proxies for regulatory burden and for the juridical system. Despite the secretive nature of corruption and difficulty in determining clearly the cost of corruption, some facts on the economic consequences of corruption prove the high cost of corruption inKyrgyzstaneconomy.

References

  • Amundsen, I. (2000), “Corruption: Definition and Concepts”. Chr.Michelsen Institute, Development Studies and Human Rights, <http://www.u4.no/document/showdoc.cfm?id=23> 17.01.2006.
  • Campos, E., Lien, E. and Pradhan, S. (1999), “The Impact of Corruption on Investment: Predictability Matters”, World Development, 27(6), 1059-1067.
  • EBRD and World Bank (2006), Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey 2005, <http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTECAREGTOPANTCOR/Resources/BAAGREV20060208ECA.pdf>, 15.08.2007.
  • Freedom House International (2007), Nations in Transit 2006, <http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=17&year=2006>, 07.07.2007.
  • Gupta, S., Davoodi, H. and Alonsa-Terme, R. (1998), “Does Corruption Affect Income Inequality and Poverty”, World Bank Working Paper, 98 (76), Wahington DC: World Bank.
  • Huntington, S. (1968), Political Order in Changing Societies, New Heaven: Yale University Press.
  • International Republican Institute and United States Agency for International Development (2007), National Interview of Kyrgyzstan 2006, <http://parties.kg/files/IRI_KR_poll_March_06_RUS.pdf>, 07.09.2007.
  • Kaufmann, D., Kraay. A., and Mastruzzi, M. (2007), “Governance Matters IV: Governance Indicators for 1996-2006”, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, No: 3106, Washington, D.C.
  • Kenenbaev, A. (2000), Kyrgyz Corruption Threatens Economic Ruin, <http://www.1worldcommunication.org/newsarchiveindex.htm>, 05.07.2006.
  • Kuehnast, K. and Dudwick, N. (2002), Better a Hundred Friends Than a Hundred Rubles? Social Networks in Transition – The Kyrgyz Republic, World Bank: Washington D.C., 2-5.
  • Leff, N. (1964),“Economic development through bureaucratic corruption’, The American Behavioral Scientist, 8(2), 8–14.
  • Lui, F (1985), “An Equilibrium Queuing Model of Bribery”, Journal of Political Economy, 93(4), 760-781.
  • Mauro, P. (1995), “Corruption and growth”, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110(3), 681–712.
  • Mauro, P. (1997), “Why worry about corruption”, Economic Issues, 6, International Monetary Found, Washington D.C.
  • National Statistical Committee of Kyrgyz Republic (2002), Kyrgyzstan v Tsifrah 2001, (Kyrgyzstan in Numbers), Bishkek 2001.
  • Omarov, N. (2007), “Strana Nepuagnnyh Corruptsionerov ili Komu v Kyrgyzstane Jit Horosho?”, (The country of fearless corruptors or who lives well in Kyrgyzstan?), <http://www.centrasia.ru/newsA.php4?st=1183967880>, 09.07.2007.
  • Omuraliev, K. (2007),“Reguliatorno-administrativnye bariery dlia prepdrinimatelstva v Kyrgyzstane: nereshennye problemy”, (Regulatory-administrative barriers in doing business in Kyrgyzstan: unsolved problems), <http://kg.akipress.org/_ru_analit.php?id=1253>, 19.07.2007.
  • Rijckeghem, V. and Weder, B. (1997), “Corruption and the Rate of Temptation: Do Low Wage Rates in the Civil Service Cause Corruption?” IMF Working Paper, 97 (73), Wahington D.C.: International Monetary Found.
  • Rose-Ackerman, S. (1996), “When Is Corruption Harmful?”, Background paper for the World Bank’s 1997 Development Report, The State in Changing World.
  • Shleifer, A. and Vishny, R. (1993), “Corruption”, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 108(3), 599–617.
  • Svenson, J. (2005), “Eight Questions About Corruption”, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19(3), 19-45.
  • Tanzi, V. (1998), “Corruption Around the World: Causes, Consequences, Scope and Cures”, IMF Staff Papers, 45(4).
  • Tanzi, Vito and Davoodi, Hamid (1997), “Corruption, Public Investment and Growth”, IMF Working Paper, 97/139.
  • Transparency International (2007), 2006 Corruption Perceptions Index, <http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2006>, 01.07.2007.
  • UNDP Kyrgyzstan (2006), Tenevaya Ekonomika v Kyrgyskoi Respublike: Tendentsii, Otsenki i Varianty Politiki, (Shadow Economy in Kyrgyz Republic: Tendencies, Assessments and Variants of Policies), <http://ruc.logincee.org/library_full.asp?LD_ID=11647&TargetLangCode=RU>, 15.08.2007.
  • World Bank (2006), Doing Business 2006, <http://www.doingbusiness.org/documents/DoingBusines2006_fullreport.pdf>, 25.09.2007.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Kamalbek Karymshakov

Yzat Abdykaparov This is me

Publication Date June 1, 2008
Submission Date December 12, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2008 Volume: 7 Issue: 7

Cite

APA Karymshakov, K., & Abdykaparov, Y. (2008). Corruption in Kyrgyzstan. Sosyoekonomi, 7(7). https://doi.org/10.17233/se.46950
AMA Karymshakov K, Abdykaparov Y. Corruption in Kyrgyzstan. Sosyoekonomi. June 2008;7(7). doi:10.17233/se.46950
Chicago Karymshakov, Kamalbek, and Yzat Abdykaparov. “Corruption in Kyrgyzstan”. Sosyoekonomi 7, no. 7 (June 2008). https://doi.org/10.17233/se.46950.
EndNote Karymshakov K, Abdykaparov Y (June 1, 2008) Corruption in Kyrgyzstan. Sosyoekonomi 7 7
IEEE K. Karymshakov and Y. Abdykaparov, “Corruption in Kyrgyzstan”, Sosyoekonomi, vol. 7, no. 7, 2008, doi: 10.17233/se.46950.
ISNAD Karymshakov, Kamalbek - Abdykaparov, Yzat. “Corruption in Kyrgyzstan”. Sosyoekonomi 7/7 (June 2008). https://doi.org/10.17233/se.46950.
JAMA Karymshakov K, Abdykaparov Y. Corruption in Kyrgyzstan. Sosyoekonomi. 2008;7. doi:10.17233/se.46950.
MLA Karymshakov, Kamalbek and Yzat Abdykaparov. “Corruption in Kyrgyzstan”. Sosyoekonomi, vol. 7, no. 7, 2008, doi:10.17233/se.46950.
Vancouver Karymshakov K, Abdykaparov Y. Corruption in Kyrgyzstan. Sosyoekonomi. 2008;7(7).