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Seniority: A Blessing or A Curse? The Effect of Economics Training on the Perception of Distributive Justice

Year 2014, Volume: 22 Issue: 22, - , 01.09.2014
https://doi.org/10.17233/se.50477

Abstract

This paper examines the impact of the level of economics knowledge on the perception of equity in a Rawlsian sense when distributional issues are of concern to the students at different stages of their education. The purpose is to question the widely held belief that economics teaching has an influence on ethical views of individuals. To examine the relationship between fairness judgments and the level of the economics education, I use a survey-type experimental design, originally developed by Gaertner (1992), in which six different situations are investigated. By carrying out the questionnaire survey among both undergraduate and graduate students of public finance, I find that a clear learning effect does not exist. However, on the other hand, I cannot conclude against the indoctrination hypothesis in favor of the self-selection hypothesis; because the study seeks only to achieve a better understanding of the learning effect. Moreover, my results suggest that personal features, parental background and future income expectations of the students are mostly not strong variables enough to affect the response patterns.

References

  • Ai, C. & E.C. Norton (2003), “Interaction terms in logit and probit models”, Economics Letters, 80(1), 123-129.
  • Amiel, Y. & F.A. Cowell (1999), Thinking about inequality: Personal judgment and income distributions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Amiel, Y. & F.A. Cowell & W. Gaertner (2009), “To be or not to be involved: a questionnaire-experimental view on Harsanyi’s utilitarian ethics”, Social Choice and Welfare, 32(2), 299-316.
  • Bauman, Y. & E. Rose (2011), “Selection or indoctrination: Why do economics students donate less than the rest?”, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 79(3), 318-327.
  • Beckman, S.R. & J.P. Formby & W.J. Smith & B. Zheng (2002), “Envy, malice and Pareto efficiency: An experimental examination”, Social Choice and Welfare, 19(2), 349-367.
  • Bellemare, C. & S. Kröger & A. Van Soest (2008), “Measuring Inequity Aversion in a Heterogeneous Population Using Experimental Decisions and Subjective Probabilities”, Econometrica, 76(4), 815-839.
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  • Benz, M. & S. Meier (2008), “Do people behave in experiments as in the field?—evidence from donations”, Experimental Economics, 11(3), 268-281.
  • Bernasconi, M. (2002), “How should income be divided? questionnaire evidence from the theory of ‘Impartial preferences’”, Journal of Economics, 9, 163-195.
  • Bolton, G.E. & A. Ockenfels (2006), “Inequality aversion, efficiency, and maximin preferences in simple distribution experiments: comment”, The American Economic Review, 96(5), 1906-1911.
  • Bond, D. & J.C. Park (1991), “An Empirical Test of Rawls's Theory of Justice: A Second Approach, in Korea and the United States”, Simulation & Gaming, 22(4), 443.
  • Bosmans, K. & E. Schokkaert (2004), “Social welfare, the veil of ignorance and purely individual risk: An empirical examination”, Research on Economic Inequality, 11, 85-114.
  • Büchner, S. & G. Coricelli & B. Greiner (2003), New Experimental Results on the Solidarity Game, (D. d. e. p. U. d. Siena, Trans.): Max-Planck-Inst. for Research into Economic Systems, Strategic Interaction Group.
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  • Carlsson, F. & D. Daruvala & O. Johansson-Stenman (2005), “Are People Inequality-Averse, or Just Risk-Averse?”, Economica, 72(287), 375-396.
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  • Engelmann, D. & M. Strobel (2004), “Inequality aversion, efficiency, and maximin preferences in simple distribution experiments”, The American Economic Review, 94(4), 857-869.
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  • Fleurbaey, M. (1998), “Equality among Responsible Individuals. In J.-F. Laslier”, M. Fleurbaey & N. Gravel & A. Trannoy (Eds.), Freedom in Economics : New Perspectives in Normative Analysis (pp. 206-234), London: Routledge.
  • Fleurbaey, M. & F. Maniquet (2011), “Compensation and Responsibility”, in K.J. Arrow & A. Sen & K. Suzumura (Eds.), Handbook of Social Choice and Welfare (Vol. 2, pp. 507-604): Elsevier.
  • Frank, B. & G.G. Schulze (2000), “Does economics make citizens corrupt?”, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 43(1), 101-113.
  • Frank, R.H. & T.D. Gilovich & D.T. Regan (1993), “Does Studying Economics Inhibit Cooperation?”, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 7(2), 159-171.
  • Frank, R.H. & T.D. Gilovich & D.T. Regan (1996), “Do Economists Make Bad Citizens?”, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 10(1), 187-192.
  • Frey, B.S. & S. Meier (2003), “Are political economists selfish and indoctrinated? Evidence from a natural experiment”, Economic Inquiry, 41(3), 448-462.
  • Frey, B.S. & S. Meier (2004a), “Pro-social behavior in a natural setting”, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 54(1), 65-88.
  • Frey, B.S. & S. Meier (2004b), “Social Comparisons and Pro-Social Behavior: Testing ‘Conditional Cooperation’ in a Field Experiment”, The American Economic Review, 94(5), 1717-1722.
  • Frey, B.S. & S. Meier (2005), “Selfish and indoctrinated economists?” European Journal of Law and Economics, 19(2), 165-171.
  • Frey, B.S. & W.W. Pommerehne (1993), “On the fairness of pricing--An empirical survey among the general population”, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 20(3), 295-307.
  • Frey, B.S. & W.W. Pommerehne & B. Gygi (1993), “Economics Indoctrination or Selection? Some Empirical Results”, The Journal of Economic Education, 24(3), 271-281.
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  • Frohlich, N. & J.A. Oppenheimer (1994), “Preferences for Income Distribution and Distributive Justice: A Window on the Problems of Using Experimental Data in Economics and Ethics”, Eastern Economic Journal, 20(2), 147-155.
  • Frohlich, N. & J.A. Oppenheimer & C.L. Eavey (1987a), “Choices of Principles of Distributive Justice in Experimental Groups”, American Journal of Political Science, 31(3), 606-636.
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Seniority: A Blessing or A Curse? The Effect of Economics Training on the Perception of Distributive Justice

Year 2014, Volume: 22 Issue: 22, - , 01.09.2014
https://doi.org/10.17233/se.50477

Abstract

This paper examines the impact of the level of economics knowledge on the perception of equity in a Rawlsian sense when distributional issues are of concern to the students at different stages of their education. The purpose is to question the widely held belief that economics teaching has an influence on ethical views of individuals. To examine the relationship between fairness judgments and the level of the economics education, I use a survey-type experimental design, originally developed by Gaertner (1992), in which six different situations are investigated. By carrying out the questionnaire survey among both undergraduate and graduate students of public finance, I find that a clear learning effect does not exist. However, on the other hand, I cannot conclude against the indoctrination hypothesis in favor of the self-selection hypothesis; because the study seeks only to achieve a better understanding of the learning effect. Moreover, my results suggest that personal features, parental background and future income expectations of the students are mostly not strong variables enough to affect the response patterns.

References

  • Ai, C. & E.C. Norton (2003), “Interaction terms in logit and probit models”, Economics Letters, 80(1), 123-129.
  • Amiel, Y. & F.A. Cowell (1999), Thinking about inequality: Personal judgment and income distributions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Amiel, Y. & F.A. Cowell & W. Gaertner (2009), “To be or not to be involved: a questionnaire-experimental view on Harsanyi’s utilitarian ethics”, Social Choice and Welfare, 32(2), 299-316.
  • Bauman, Y. & E. Rose (2011), “Selection or indoctrination: Why do economics students donate less than the rest?”, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 79(3), 318-327.
  • Beckman, S.R. & J.P. Formby & W.J. Smith & B. Zheng (2002), “Envy, malice and Pareto efficiency: An experimental examination”, Social Choice and Welfare, 19(2), 349-367.
  • Bellemare, C. & S. Kröger & A. Van Soest (2008), “Measuring Inequity Aversion in a Heterogeneous Population Using Experimental Decisions and Subjective Probabilities”, Econometrica, 76(4), 815-839.
  • Bentham, J. (1789), An Introduction to the Principle of Morals and Legislations, reprinted (Oxford, UK: Blackwell, 1948).
  • Benz, M. & S. Meier (2008), “Do people behave in experiments as in the field?—evidence from donations”, Experimental Economics, 11(3), 268-281.
  • Bernasconi, M. (2002), “How should income be divided? questionnaire evidence from the theory of ‘Impartial preferences’”, Journal of Economics, 9, 163-195.
  • Bolton, G.E. & A. Ockenfels (2006), “Inequality aversion, efficiency, and maximin preferences in simple distribution experiments: comment”, The American Economic Review, 96(5), 1906-1911.
  • Bond, D. & J.C. Park (1991), “An Empirical Test of Rawls's Theory of Justice: A Second Approach, in Korea and the United States”, Simulation & Gaming, 22(4), 443.
  • Bosmans, K. & E. Schokkaert (2004), “Social welfare, the veil of ignorance and purely individual risk: An empirical examination”, Research on Economic Inequality, 11, 85-114.
  • Büchner, S. & G. Coricelli & B. Greiner (2003), New Experimental Results on the Solidarity Game, (D. d. e. p. U. d. Siena, Trans.): Max-Planck-Inst. for Research into Economic Systems, Strategic Interaction Group.
  • Cappelen, A.W. & E.O. Sorensen & B. Tungodden (2010), “Responsibility for what? Fairness and individual responsibility”, European Economic Review, 54(3), 429-441.
  • Carlsson, F. & D. Daruvala & O. Johansson-Stenman (2005), “Are People Inequality-Averse, or Just Risk-Averse?”, Economica, 72(287), 375-396.
  • Carlsson, F. & G. Gupta & O. Johansson-Stenman (2003), “Choosing from behind a veil of ignorance in India”, Applied Economics Letters, 10(13), 825-827.
  • Carter, J.R. & M.D. Irons (1991), “Are economists different, and if so, why?”, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 5(2), 171-177.
  • Cipriani, G.P. & D. Lubian & A. Zago (2009), “Natural born economists?”, Journal of Economic Psychology, 30(3), 455-468.
  • Cowell, F.A. & E. Schokkaert (2001), “Risk perceptions and distributional judgments”, European Economic Review, 45(4–6), 941-952.
  • D'Aspremont, C. & L. Gevers (1977), “Equity and the Informational Basis of Collective Choice”, The Review of Economic Studies, 44(2), 199-209.
  • dela Cruz-Dona, R. & A. Martina (2000), “Diverse groups agreeing on a system of justice in distribution: Evidence from the Philippines”, Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics, 11(1), 35-76.
  • Deschamps, R. & L. Gevers (1978), “Leximin and utilitarian rules: A joint characterization”, Journal of Economic Theory, 17(2), 143-163.
  • Dworkin, R. (1981a), “What is equality? Part 1: Equality of welfare”, Philosophy & Public Affairs, 10(3), 185-246.
  • Dworkin, R. (1981b), “What is equality? Part 2: Equality of resources”, Philosophy & Public Affairs, 10(4), 283-345.
  • Engelmann, D. & M. Strobel (2004), “Inequality aversion, efficiency, and maximin preferences in simple distribution experiments”, The American Economic Review, 94(4), 857-869.
  • Engelmann, D. & M. Strobel (2006), “Inequality aversion, efficiency, and maximin preferences in simple distribution experiments: Reply”, The American Economic Review, 96(5), 1918-1923.
  • Faravelli, M. (2007), “How context matters: A survey based experiment on distributive justice”, Journal of Public Economics, 91(7-8), 1399-1422.
  • Fehr, E. & M. Naef & K.M. Schmidt (2006), “Inequality aversion, efficiency, and maximin preferences in simple distribution experiments: Comment”, The American Economic Review, 96(5), 1912-1917.
  • Fishburn, P.C. (1974), “Lexicographic Orders, Utilities and Decision Rules: A Survey”, Management Science, 20(11), 1442-1471.
  • Fleurbaey, M. (1998), “Equality among Responsible Individuals. In J.-F. Laslier”, M. Fleurbaey & N. Gravel & A. Trannoy (Eds.), Freedom in Economics : New Perspectives in Normative Analysis (pp. 206-234), London: Routledge.
  • Fleurbaey, M. & F. Maniquet (2011), “Compensation and Responsibility”, in K.J. Arrow & A. Sen & K. Suzumura (Eds.), Handbook of Social Choice and Welfare (Vol. 2, pp. 507-604): Elsevier.
  • Frank, B. & G.G. Schulze (2000), “Does economics make citizens corrupt?”, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 43(1), 101-113.
  • Frank, R.H. & T.D. Gilovich & D.T. Regan (1993), “Does Studying Economics Inhibit Cooperation?”, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 7(2), 159-171.
  • Frank, R.H. & T.D. Gilovich & D.T. Regan (1996), “Do Economists Make Bad Citizens?”, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 10(1), 187-192.
  • Frey, B.S. & S. Meier (2003), “Are political economists selfish and indoctrinated? Evidence from a natural experiment”, Economic Inquiry, 41(3), 448-462.
  • Frey, B.S. & S. Meier (2004a), “Pro-social behavior in a natural setting”, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 54(1), 65-88.
  • Frey, B.S. & S. Meier (2004b), “Social Comparisons and Pro-Social Behavior: Testing ‘Conditional Cooperation’ in a Field Experiment”, The American Economic Review, 94(5), 1717-1722.
  • Frey, B.S. & S. Meier (2005), “Selfish and indoctrinated economists?” European Journal of Law and Economics, 19(2), 165-171.
  • Frey, B.S. & W.W. Pommerehne (1993), “On the fairness of pricing--An empirical survey among the general population”, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 20(3), 295-307.
  • Frey, B.S. & W.W. Pommerehne & B. Gygi (1993), “Economics Indoctrination or Selection? Some Empirical Results”, The Journal of Economic Education, 24(3), 271-281.
  • Frohlich, N. & J.A. Oppenheimer (1990), “Choosing Justice in Experimental Democracies with Production”, The American Political Science Review, 84(2), 461-477.
  • Frohlich, N. & J.A. Oppenheimer (1992), Choosing Justice: An Experimental Approach to Ethical Theory, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
  • Frohlich, N. & J.A. Oppenheimer (1994), “Preferences for Income Distribution and Distributive Justice: A Window on the Problems of Using Experimental Data in Economics and Ethics”, Eastern Economic Journal, 20(2), 147-155.
  • Frohlich, N. & J.A. Oppenheimer & C.L. Eavey (1987a), “Choices of Principles of Distributive Justice in Experimental Groups”, American Journal of Political Science, 31(3), 606-636.
  • Frohlich, N. & J.A. Oppenheimer & C.L. Eavey (1987b), “Laboratory Results on Rawls's Distributive Justice”, British Journal of Political Science, 17(01), 1-21.
  • Gaertner, W. (1992), “Distributive judgments”, in: W. Gaertner & M. Klemisch-Ahlert (Eds.), Social Choice and Bargaining Perspectives on Distributive Justice (pp. 22–59), Heidelberg Springer.
  • Gaertner, W. (1994), “Distributive justice: Theoretical foundations and empirical findings”, European Economic Review, 38(3), 711-720.
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There are 107 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

İbrahim Seçilmiş This is me

Publication Date September 1, 2014
Submission Date December 12, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 22 Issue: 22

Cite

APA Seçilmiş, İ. (2014). Seniority: A Blessing or A Curse? The Effect of Economics Training on the Perception of Distributive Justice. Sosyoekonomi, 22(22). https://doi.org/10.17233/se.50477
AMA Seçilmiş İ. Seniority: A Blessing or A Curse? The Effect of Economics Training on the Perception of Distributive Justice. Sosyoekonomi. October 2014;22(22). doi:10.17233/se.50477
Chicago Seçilmiş, İbrahim. “Seniority: A Blessing or A Curse? The Effect of Economics Training on the Perception of Distributive Justice”. Sosyoekonomi 22, no. 22 (October 2014). https://doi.org/10.17233/se.50477.
EndNote Seçilmiş İ (October 1, 2014) Seniority: A Blessing or A Curse? The Effect of Economics Training on the Perception of Distributive Justice. Sosyoekonomi 22 22
IEEE İ. Seçilmiş, “Seniority: A Blessing or A Curse? The Effect of Economics Training on the Perception of Distributive Justice”, Sosyoekonomi, vol. 22, no. 22, 2014, doi: 10.17233/se.50477.
ISNAD Seçilmiş, İbrahim. “Seniority: A Blessing or A Curse? The Effect of Economics Training on the Perception of Distributive Justice”. Sosyoekonomi 22/22 (October 2014). https://doi.org/10.17233/se.50477.
JAMA Seçilmiş İ. Seniority: A Blessing or A Curse? The Effect of Economics Training on the Perception of Distributive Justice. Sosyoekonomi. 2014;22. doi:10.17233/se.50477.
MLA Seçilmiş, İbrahim. “Seniority: A Blessing or A Curse? The Effect of Economics Training on the Perception of Distributive Justice”. Sosyoekonomi, vol. 22, no. 22, 2014, doi:10.17233/se.50477.
Vancouver Seçilmiş İ. Seniority: A Blessing or A Curse? The Effect of Economics Training on the Perception of Distributive Justice. Sosyoekonomi. 2014;22(22).