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Türkiye İşgücü Piyasasında Eksik İstihdam

Year 2017, Volume: 25 Issue: 33, 157 - 173, 31.07.2017
https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.289218

Abstract

Bu çalışmada 2009-2015 dönemine ait Hanehalkı İşgücü Anketleri mikro verileri kullanılarak ücretli ve maaşlı çalışanlar için eksik istihdamın belirleyicileri araştırılmıştır. Probit modeli tahminleri eğitim düzeyi ile eksik istihdamda olma ihtimali arasında ters yönlü bir ilişki olduğunu ve cinsiyetin eksik istihdamda olma ihtimali üzerindeki etkisinin istatistiki olarak anlamlı olmadığını göstermektedir. Üniversite ve üzeri eğitime sahip bireyler arasında mezun olunan bölüme göre önemli farklılıklar saptanmıştır.

References

  • Abel, J.R. & R. Deitz (2016), "Underemployment in the Early Careers of College Graduates Following the Great Recession", NBER Working Paper, 22654, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass.
  • Angrave, D. & A. Charlwood (2015), "What is the Relationship between Long Working Hours, Over-employment, Under-employment and the Subjective Well-being of Workers? Longitudinal Evidence from the UK", Human Relations, doi: 10.1177/0018726714559752
  • Baert, S., B. Cockx & D. Verhaest (2012), "Overeducation at the Start of the Career: Stepping Stone or Trap?", IZA Discussion Paper, 6562, IZA, Bonn.
  • Battu, H., Belfield, C.R., & P. Sloane (2000), "How Well Can We Measure Graduate Over- Education and Its Effects? ", National Institute Economic Review, 171(1), 82-93.
  • Bell, D.N.F. & D.G. Blanchflower (2013), "How to Measure Underemployment?", Peterson Institute for International Economics Working Paper, 13/2, Washington, DC.
  • Buchel, F. (2001), "Overqualification: Reasons, Measurement Issues and Typological Affinity to Unemployment", in Training in Europe, P. Descy and M. Tessaring (eds.), Second report on vocational training research in Europe 2000: background report. (Cedefop Reference series). Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2001 (3 volumes); ISBN 92-896-0034-0
  • Budría, S. & A. Moro-Egido (2014), "Overqualification, Skill Mismatches and Wages in Private Sector Employment in Europe" Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 20(3),457-83.
  • Caroleo, F.E. & F. Pastore (2013), "Overeducation at a Glance: Determinants and Wage Effects of the Educational Mismatch: Looking at the AlmaLaurea Data", IZA Discussion Paper, 7788, IZA, Bonn.
  • Chevalier, A. & J. Lindley (2009), "Over-Education and the Skills of UK Graduates", Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (Statistics in Society), 172, 307–337. doi:10.1111/j.1467-985X.2008.00578.x
  • Clark, B., C. Jaubert & A. Maurel (2014), "The Career Prospects of Overeducated Americans", NBER Working Paper, 20167, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass.
  • Dooley, Prause, D.J., & K. A. Ham-Rowbottom (2000), "Underemployment and Depression: Longitudinal
  • Relationships", Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 41(4),421–36. Available at https://
  • webfi les.uci.edu/psbstaff /1-25-10%20Colloquium-SE%20Perspectives%20on%20Psych%20Research/
  • Depression.pdf.
  • Feldman, D.C. (1996), "The Nature, Antecedents and Consequences of Underemployment", Journal of Management, 22(3), 385-407.
  • Green, F. & G. Henseke (2016), "Should Governments of OECD Countries Worry about Graduate Underemployment?", Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 32(4), 517-37.
  • Green, F. & S. McIntosh (2007), "Is There a Genuine Under-utilization of Skills amongst the Over-Qualified?", Applied Economics, 39(4), 427-39.
  • Green, F. & Y. Zhu (2010), "Overqualification, Job Dissatisfaction, and Increasing Dispersion in the Returns to Graduate Education", Oxford Economic Papers, 62, 740–63.
  • International Labour Organization, (1998), Report of the Sixteenth Conference of Labour Statisticians. Geneva: ILO.
  • McKee-Ryan, F.M. & J. Harvey (2001), "“I Have a Job But ...” A Review of Underemployment", Journal of Management, 37(4), 962-96.
  • Mortensen, D.T. (1986), "Job Search and Labor Market Analysis", in Handbook of Labor Economics, O. Ashenfelter and R. Layard (eds). Amsterdam: North Holland, 849–920.
  • Mosca, I. & R.E. Wright (2011), "Is Graduate Under-employment Persistent? Evidence from the United Kingdom", IZA Discussion Paper, 6177, IZA, Bonn.
  • OECD (2016), Population with tertiary education (indicator). doi: 10.1787/0b8f90e9-en (Accessed on 13 December 2016)
  • Rutkowski, J. (2006), "Labor Market Developments during Economic Transition", World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, 3894, World Bank, Washington, DC.
  • Sicherman, N. & O. Galor (1990), "A Theory of Career Mobility", Journal of Political Economy, 98(1), 168-92.
  • Spence, M. (1973), "Job Market Signaling", The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 87(3), 355-74.
  • Tasci, H.M. (2006), "Recent Trends in Underemployment and Determinants of Underemployment in Turkey", Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(1), 299-319.
  • Tasci, H.M. & B. Darici (2010), "Türkiye’de Eksik İstihdamın Belirleyenleri: HIA ile Bir Mikro Veri Uygulaması", Maliye Dergisi, 158, 279-300.
  • Thurow, L. C. (1975), Generating Inequality, Basic Books, New York.
  • Tunali, I. (2003), "General vs. Vocational Secondary School Choice and Labor Market Outcomes in Turkey, 1988-98". Paper presented at the 10th annual ERF conference in Morocco, December, 2003.
  • Wilkins, R. (2007), "The Consequences of Underemployment for the Underemployed", Journal of Industrial Relations, 49(2), 247–275.
  • Wooden, M., D. Warren & R. Drago (2009), "Working Time Mismatch and Subjective Wellbeing" British Journal of Industrial Relations, 47(1), 147–179.
  • Wunder, C. & G. Heineck (2013), "Working Time Preferences, Hours Mismatch and Well-being of Couples: Are There Spillovers?", Labour Economics, 24, 244-52.
  • Yamada, G. (2015), "The Boom in University Graduates and the Risk of Underemployment", IZA World of Labor, 166. doi: 10.15185/izawol.166 |
  • Yamada, G., P. Lavado & J. J. Martinez (2015), "An Unfulfilled Promise? Higher Education Quality and Professional Underemployment in Peru", IZA Discussion Paper, 9591, IZA, Bonn.

Underemployment in the Turkish Labor Market

Year 2017, Volume: 25 Issue: 33, 157 - 173, 31.07.2017
https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.289218

Abstract

Using individual-level data from Household Labor Force Surveys for the period 2009-2015, this paper examines two aspects of underemployment in Turkey. First, it examines the extent of underemployment by gender and educational attainment levels. Second, by estimating a Probit model, it investigates the determinants of underemployment for the wage and salary earners. Findings indicate that the effect of gender on the likelihood of underemployment is not statistically significant, and there is a negative association between educational attainment and the likelihood of underemployment. Within the group of higher educated individuals, there are important differences across fields of study.

References

  • Abel, J.R. & R. Deitz (2016), "Underemployment in the Early Careers of College Graduates Following the Great Recession", NBER Working Paper, 22654, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass.
  • Angrave, D. & A. Charlwood (2015), "What is the Relationship between Long Working Hours, Over-employment, Under-employment and the Subjective Well-being of Workers? Longitudinal Evidence from the UK", Human Relations, doi: 10.1177/0018726714559752
  • Baert, S., B. Cockx & D. Verhaest (2012), "Overeducation at the Start of the Career: Stepping Stone or Trap?", IZA Discussion Paper, 6562, IZA, Bonn.
  • Battu, H., Belfield, C.R., & P. Sloane (2000), "How Well Can We Measure Graduate Over- Education and Its Effects? ", National Institute Economic Review, 171(1), 82-93.
  • Bell, D.N.F. & D.G. Blanchflower (2013), "How to Measure Underemployment?", Peterson Institute for International Economics Working Paper, 13/2, Washington, DC.
  • Buchel, F. (2001), "Overqualification: Reasons, Measurement Issues and Typological Affinity to Unemployment", in Training in Europe, P. Descy and M. Tessaring (eds.), Second report on vocational training research in Europe 2000: background report. (Cedefop Reference series). Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2001 (3 volumes); ISBN 92-896-0034-0
  • Budría, S. & A. Moro-Egido (2014), "Overqualification, Skill Mismatches and Wages in Private Sector Employment in Europe" Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 20(3),457-83.
  • Caroleo, F.E. & F. Pastore (2013), "Overeducation at a Glance: Determinants and Wage Effects of the Educational Mismatch: Looking at the AlmaLaurea Data", IZA Discussion Paper, 7788, IZA, Bonn.
  • Chevalier, A. & J. Lindley (2009), "Over-Education and the Skills of UK Graduates", Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (Statistics in Society), 172, 307–337. doi:10.1111/j.1467-985X.2008.00578.x
  • Clark, B., C. Jaubert & A. Maurel (2014), "The Career Prospects of Overeducated Americans", NBER Working Paper, 20167, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass.
  • Dooley, Prause, D.J., & K. A. Ham-Rowbottom (2000), "Underemployment and Depression: Longitudinal
  • Relationships", Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 41(4),421–36. Available at https://
  • webfi les.uci.edu/psbstaff /1-25-10%20Colloquium-SE%20Perspectives%20on%20Psych%20Research/
  • Depression.pdf.
  • Feldman, D.C. (1996), "The Nature, Antecedents and Consequences of Underemployment", Journal of Management, 22(3), 385-407.
  • Green, F. & G. Henseke (2016), "Should Governments of OECD Countries Worry about Graduate Underemployment?", Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 32(4), 517-37.
  • Green, F. & S. McIntosh (2007), "Is There a Genuine Under-utilization of Skills amongst the Over-Qualified?", Applied Economics, 39(4), 427-39.
  • Green, F. & Y. Zhu (2010), "Overqualification, Job Dissatisfaction, and Increasing Dispersion in the Returns to Graduate Education", Oxford Economic Papers, 62, 740–63.
  • International Labour Organization, (1998), Report of the Sixteenth Conference of Labour Statisticians. Geneva: ILO.
  • McKee-Ryan, F.M. & J. Harvey (2001), "“I Have a Job But ...” A Review of Underemployment", Journal of Management, 37(4), 962-96.
  • Mortensen, D.T. (1986), "Job Search and Labor Market Analysis", in Handbook of Labor Economics, O. Ashenfelter and R. Layard (eds). Amsterdam: North Holland, 849–920.
  • Mosca, I. & R.E. Wright (2011), "Is Graduate Under-employment Persistent? Evidence from the United Kingdom", IZA Discussion Paper, 6177, IZA, Bonn.
  • OECD (2016), Population with tertiary education (indicator). doi: 10.1787/0b8f90e9-en (Accessed on 13 December 2016)
  • Rutkowski, J. (2006), "Labor Market Developments during Economic Transition", World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, 3894, World Bank, Washington, DC.
  • Sicherman, N. & O. Galor (1990), "A Theory of Career Mobility", Journal of Political Economy, 98(1), 168-92.
  • Spence, M. (1973), "Job Market Signaling", The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 87(3), 355-74.
  • Tasci, H.M. (2006), "Recent Trends in Underemployment and Determinants of Underemployment in Turkey", Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(1), 299-319.
  • Tasci, H.M. & B. Darici (2010), "Türkiye’de Eksik İstihdamın Belirleyenleri: HIA ile Bir Mikro Veri Uygulaması", Maliye Dergisi, 158, 279-300.
  • Thurow, L. C. (1975), Generating Inequality, Basic Books, New York.
  • Tunali, I. (2003), "General vs. Vocational Secondary School Choice and Labor Market Outcomes in Turkey, 1988-98". Paper presented at the 10th annual ERF conference in Morocco, December, 2003.
  • Wilkins, R. (2007), "The Consequences of Underemployment for the Underemployed", Journal of Industrial Relations, 49(2), 247–275.
  • Wooden, M., D. Warren & R. Drago (2009), "Working Time Mismatch and Subjective Wellbeing" British Journal of Industrial Relations, 47(1), 147–179.
  • Wunder, C. & G. Heineck (2013), "Working Time Preferences, Hours Mismatch and Well-being of Couples: Are There Spillovers?", Labour Economics, 24, 244-52.
  • Yamada, G. (2015), "The Boom in University Graduates and the Risk of Underemployment", IZA World of Labor, 166. doi: 10.15185/izawol.166 |
  • Yamada, G., P. Lavado & J. J. Martinez (2015), "An Unfulfilled Promise? Higher Education Quality and Professional Underemployment in Peru", IZA Discussion Paper, 9591, IZA, Bonn.
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Articles
Authors

Zehra Bilgen Susanlı

Publication Date July 31, 2017
Submission Date August 15, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 25 Issue: 33

Cite

APA Susanlı, Z. B. (2017). Underemployment in the Turkish Labor Market. Sosyoekonomi, 25(33), 157-173. https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.289218
AMA Susanlı ZB. Underemployment in the Turkish Labor Market. Sosyoekonomi. July 2017;25(33):157-173. doi:10.17233/sosyoekonomi.289218
Chicago Susanlı, Zehra Bilgen. “Underemployment in the Turkish Labor Market”. Sosyoekonomi 25, no. 33 (July 2017): 157-73. https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.289218.
EndNote Susanlı ZB (July 1, 2017) Underemployment in the Turkish Labor Market. Sosyoekonomi 25 33 157–173.
IEEE Z. B. Susanlı, “Underemployment in the Turkish Labor Market”, Sosyoekonomi, vol. 25, no. 33, pp. 157–173, 2017, doi: 10.17233/sosyoekonomi.289218.
ISNAD Susanlı, Zehra Bilgen. “Underemployment in the Turkish Labor Market”. Sosyoekonomi 25/33 (July 2017), 157-173. https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.289218.
JAMA Susanlı ZB. Underemployment in the Turkish Labor Market. Sosyoekonomi. 2017;25:157–173.
MLA Susanlı, Zehra Bilgen. “Underemployment in the Turkish Labor Market”. Sosyoekonomi, vol. 25, no. 33, 2017, pp. 157-73, doi:10.17233/sosyoekonomi.289218.
Vancouver Susanlı ZB. Underemployment in the Turkish Labor Market. Sosyoekonomi. 2017;25(33):157-73.