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Türkiye’de Uluslararası Ticaretin İstihdam Üzerindeki Etkisi

Year 2020, Volume: 28 Issue: 44, 91 - 106, 19.04.2020
https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2020.02.05

Abstract

Uluslararası ticaret ile istihdam arasındaki ilişkinin açıklanmasında nihai mal ihracat ve ithalatının analizi sınırlı sonuçlar vermektedir; çünkü uluslararası ticaretin önemli bir kısmı uluslararası üretim zincirlerinin bir parçası olarak gerçekleşmektedir. Uluslararası üretim zincirlerine dayanan uluslararası ticaret yapısı, uluslararası ticaretin istihdama olan etkilerini daha karmaşık hale getirmektedir. İhracatın ve ithalatın istihdam etkisine ek olarak; ihracatın ithalat içeriği, ithalatın ihracat içeriği ve üçüncü ülkeden ithal edilen ara malların istihdam etkileri dikkate alınmalıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de uluslararası ticaretin istihdam üzerindeki etkisini 2014 yılı için Dünya Girdi Çıktı Tablosu’nu (WIOT) kullanarak ülkeler ve sektörler düzeyinde yukarıda bahsedilen beş bileşenle açıklamaktır. Çalışma, 2014 yılında ihracatın Türkiye’de yaklaşık 3 milyonluk istihdam talebine yol açtığını göstermektedir. Tekstilde uluslararası ticaret, Türkiye ve yurtdışındaki en yüksek istihdam talebini yaratmaktadır. Ülke analizi ile ilgili olarak; Çin, Hindistan ve Endonezya ile yapılan uluslararası ticaret, bu ülkelerde Türkiye’den daha fazla istihdam yaratmaktadır.

References

  • Ayaş, N. & H. Çeştepe (2010), “Dış Ticaretin İstihdam Üzerindeki Etkileri: Türk İmalat Sanayi Örneği”, Suleyman Demirel University The Journal of Faculty of Economics and Administrative Science, 15(2), 259-281.
  • Erlat, G. (2000), “Measuring the Impact of Tra¬de Flows on Employment in the Turkish Manu¬facturing Industry”, Applied Economics, 2000(32), 1169-1180.
  • Gül, Z.B. & M. Çakaloğlu (2017), “İnşaat Sektörünün Dinamikleri: Türkiye için 2000-2014 Girdi-Çıktı Analizi”, Akdeniz Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(36), 130-155.
  • Günçavdı, Ö. & S. Küçükçiftçi (2001), “Fore¬ign Trade and Factor Intensity in an Open Deve¬loping Country: An Input - Output Analysis for Turkey”, Russian and East European Finance and Trade, 37(1).
  • Gündoğdu, C. & D.Ş. Saraçoğlu (2016), “Participation of Turkey in Global Value Chains: An Analysis Based on World Input Output Database”, ERC Working Paper Series in Economics, 16/10.
  • Günlük-Şenesen, G. (1998) “An Input-Output Analysis of Employment Structure in Turkey:1973-1990”, Economic Research Forum, Egypt, Working Paper Series, No: 9809.
  • Jiang, X. (2013), “Trade and Employment in a Vertically Specialized World”, ILO Working Paper, No. 5.
  • Jiang, X. & W. Milberg (2013), “Capturing the jobs from globalization: trade and employment in global value chains”, Capturing The Gains Working Paper, No: 30.
  • Kizu, T. & S. Kühn & C. Viegelahn (2019), “Linking jobs in global supply chains to demand”, International Labour Review, 158(2), 213-244.
  • Saraçoğlu, D.Ş. (2017), “Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti ile Türkiye Arasında Dış Ticaretin Gelişimi ve Türkiye’de İmalat Sanayinde Sektörel İstihdama Etkisi”, Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 72(1), 151-182.
  • Stehrer, R. & N. Foster & G.J. de Vries (2012), “Value Added and Factors in Trade: A Comprehensive Approach”, WIIW Working Paper Series, No. 80, 1-22.
  • Timmer, M.P. & E. Dietzenbacher & B. Los & R. Stehrer & G.J. de Vries (2015), “An Illustrated User Guide to the World Input-Output Database: the Case of Global Automotive Production”, Review of International Economics, 23(3), 575-605.

The Effect of International Trade on Employment in Turkey

Year 2020, Volume: 28 Issue: 44, 91 - 106, 19.04.2020
https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2020.02.05

Abstract

The final goods export and import analysis for employment explains the relationship between international trade and employment in a limited way; because a significant part of international trade occurs within international production chains. The international trade structure is based on international production chains, so the effects of international trade on employment are complicated. In addition to the effect on employment of exports and imports; the import content of exports, the export content of imports and the intermediates within imports from a third country have to be considered. The aim of this paper is to reveal the effect of international trade on employment in Turkey through five components, using the World Input Output Table (WIOT) for 2014. The methods proposed in Stehrer et al. (2012) and Xiang (2013) used to decompose the employment effect of the international trade of Turkey’s trading partners and also by sector. The analysis shows that in 2014, exports led to a demand for about 3 million jobs in Turkey. International trade in textiles had the highest employment demand, both in Turkey and abroad at the same time. With regard to the analysis by country; international trade with China, India and Indonesia created more employment in those countries than in Turkey.

References

  • Ayaş, N. & H. Çeştepe (2010), “Dış Ticaretin İstihdam Üzerindeki Etkileri: Türk İmalat Sanayi Örneği”, Suleyman Demirel University The Journal of Faculty of Economics and Administrative Science, 15(2), 259-281.
  • Erlat, G. (2000), “Measuring the Impact of Tra¬de Flows on Employment in the Turkish Manu¬facturing Industry”, Applied Economics, 2000(32), 1169-1180.
  • Gül, Z.B. & M. Çakaloğlu (2017), “İnşaat Sektörünün Dinamikleri: Türkiye için 2000-2014 Girdi-Çıktı Analizi”, Akdeniz Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(36), 130-155.
  • Günçavdı, Ö. & S. Küçükçiftçi (2001), “Fore¬ign Trade and Factor Intensity in an Open Deve¬loping Country: An Input - Output Analysis for Turkey”, Russian and East European Finance and Trade, 37(1).
  • Gündoğdu, C. & D.Ş. Saraçoğlu (2016), “Participation of Turkey in Global Value Chains: An Analysis Based on World Input Output Database”, ERC Working Paper Series in Economics, 16/10.
  • Günlük-Şenesen, G. (1998) “An Input-Output Analysis of Employment Structure in Turkey:1973-1990”, Economic Research Forum, Egypt, Working Paper Series, No: 9809.
  • Jiang, X. (2013), “Trade and Employment in a Vertically Specialized World”, ILO Working Paper, No. 5.
  • Jiang, X. & W. Milberg (2013), “Capturing the jobs from globalization: trade and employment in global value chains”, Capturing The Gains Working Paper, No: 30.
  • Kizu, T. & S. Kühn & C. Viegelahn (2019), “Linking jobs in global supply chains to demand”, International Labour Review, 158(2), 213-244.
  • Saraçoğlu, D.Ş. (2017), “Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti ile Türkiye Arasında Dış Ticaretin Gelişimi ve Türkiye’de İmalat Sanayinde Sektörel İstihdama Etkisi”, Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 72(1), 151-182.
  • Stehrer, R. & N. Foster & G.J. de Vries (2012), “Value Added and Factors in Trade: A Comprehensive Approach”, WIIW Working Paper Series, No. 80, 1-22.
  • Timmer, M.P. & E. Dietzenbacher & B. Los & R. Stehrer & G.J. de Vries (2015), “An Illustrated User Guide to the World Input-Output Database: the Case of Global Automotive Production”, Review of International Economics, 23(3), 575-605.
There are 12 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Seren Savacı 0000-0001-7335-6591

Dilek Seymen This is me 0000-0001-5535-594X

Publication Date April 19, 2020
Submission Date August 20, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 28 Issue: 44

Cite

APA Savacı, S., & Seymen, D. (2020). The Effect of International Trade on Employment in Turkey. Sosyoekonomi, 28(44), 91-106. https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2020.02.05
AMA Savacı S, Seymen D. The Effect of International Trade on Employment in Turkey. Sosyoekonomi. April 2020;28(44):91-106. doi:10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2020.02.05
Chicago Savacı, Seren, and Dilek Seymen. “The Effect of International Trade on Employment in Turkey”. Sosyoekonomi 28, no. 44 (April 2020): 91-106. https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2020.02.05.
EndNote Savacı S, Seymen D (April 1, 2020) The Effect of International Trade on Employment in Turkey. Sosyoekonomi 28 44 91–106.
IEEE S. Savacı and D. Seymen, “The Effect of International Trade on Employment in Turkey”, Sosyoekonomi, vol. 28, no. 44, pp. 91–106, 2020, doi: 10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2020.02.05.
ISNAD Savacı, Seren - Seymen, Dilek. “The Effect of International Trade on Employment in Turkey”. Sosyoekonomi 28/44 (April 2020), 91-106. https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2020.02.05.
JAMA Savacı S, Seymen D. The Effect of International Trade on Employment in Turkey. Sosyoekonomi. 2020;28:91–106.
MLA Savacı, Seren and Dilek Seymen. “The Effect of International Trade on Employment in Turkey”. Sosyoekonomi, vol. 28, no. 44, 2020, pp. 91-106, doi:10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2020.02.05.
Vancouver Savacı S, Seymen D. The Effect of International Trade on Employment in Turkey. Sosyoekonomi. 2020;28(44):91-106.