Impact of Green Environmental Policies and Green Taxes on Carbon Emissions: Panel Threshold Regression Analysis

Year 2024, Volume: 32 Issue: 62, 455 - 477

Mustafa Kurt

Abstract

This study analyses the possible non-linear effects of green (environmental) policy stringency and green fiscal (market-based) policy stringency on carbon emissions, and suggestions are given to reduce carbon emissions. In panel threshold regression findings, while no threshold effect for green (environmental) policy stringency is observed in the relationship between GDPs per capita and carbon emissions, when urban population, service sector and environmental technologies patents are used as regime-dependent variables, a threshold effect is observed for green (environmental) policy stringency. In this context, in the high green (environmental) policy stringency regime, the increase in urban population and environmental technologies patents reduce carbon emissions, while the rise in the share of the service sector increases carbon emissions. However, when green fiscal (market-based) policies that use taxes to combat environmental pollution are used as the threshold, no threshold effect is observed for the variables urban population, environmental technologies patents, service sector and GDP per capita.

Keywords

Green Environmental Policies, Green Taxes, Carbon Emission

Yeşil Çevre Politikaları ve Yeşil Vergilerin Karbon Emisyonu Üzerindeki Etkisi: Panel Eşik Regresyon Analizi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, yeşil (çevre) politika sıkılığı ve yeşil mali (piyasa tabanlı) politika sıkılığının karbon emisyonu üzerinde doğrusal olmayan olası etkileri analiz edilerek karbon emisyonunun azaltılmasıyla ilgili öneriler verilmektir. Panel eşik regresyon bulgularında, kişi başına düşen GSYH ile karbon emisyonu arasındaki ilişkide yeşil (çevre) politika sıkılığı için eşik etkisi gözlemlenmemekteyken; kentsel nüfus, hizmet sektörü ve çevre teknolojileri patentleri rejime bağlı değişken olarak kullanıldığında yeşil (çevre) politika sıkılığı için eşik etkisi gözlemlenmektedir. Bu kapsamda, yüksek yeşil (çevre) politika sıkılığı rejiminde; kentsel nüfustaki artış ile çevre teknolojileri patentlerindeki artış karbon emisyonunu azaltmaktadır, hizmet sektörünün payındaki artış ise karbon emisyonunu artırmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, çevre kirliliği ile mücadele için vergileri kullanan yeşil mali (piyasa tabanlı) politikaların eşik olarak kullanıldığı durumda, kentsel nüfus, çevre teknolojileri patentleri, hizmet sektörü ve kişi başına düşen GSYH değişkenleri için eşik etkisi gözlemlenmemektedir.

Keywords

Yeşil Çevre Politikaları, Yeşil Vergiler, Karbon Emisyonu

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