Finansallaşma, Ekonomik Karmaşıklık, Petrol İthalatı ve Ekonomik Politik Belirsizliklerin OECD Ülkeleri Nükleer Enerji Tüketimi Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 33 Issue: 66, 429 - 459

Serkan Şahin , Yusuf Korkmaz , Çağrı Korkmazgöz

Abstract

Bu çalışmada verilerine erişilebilen 11 OECD üyesi ülkede (ABD, Almanya, Belçika, Fransa, Hollanda, İngiltere, İspanya, İsveç, Japonya, Kanada ve Güney Kore) finansallaşma, petrol ithalat fiyatları, ekonomik karmaşıklık ve ekonomik politik belirsizliklerinin nükleer enerji tüketimi üzerindeki kısa ve uzun dönem etkileri değişkenlerin farklı düzeylerde entegre olmaları durumunda kullanılabilen Durbin-Hausman testi ve PMG-ARDL yöntemleriyle 2003-2022 dönemi için incelenmiştir. Yürütülen eş bütünleşme analizleri neticesinde değişkenlerin uzun dönemde birlikte hareket ettiklerine yönelik bulgulara ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, petrol ithalat fiyatları, finansallaşma ve ekonomik karmaşıklıktaki artışların nükleer enerji tüketimini artırırken, ekonomik politik belirsizlikteki artışların nükleer enerji tüketimini azalttığını göstermektedir. Buna göre, petrol fiyatlarındaki artış, politika geliştiricileri nükleer enerji gibi dış faktörlerden bağımsız alternatif kaynaklara yönlendirebilmektedir. Finansallaşma, finansal piyasaların ve finansal kurumların etkinliğini artırarak nükleer enerji yatırımlarına yönelik kaynak tahsisini iyileştirebilmekte ve derinleşen finansal piyasalar ile likidite artışının yanı sıra nükleer enerjinin finansmanında finansal varlıkların çeşitlendirilmesini sağlayabilmektedir. Ayrıca, ekonomik karmaşıklık, sofistike ürün üretme becerisini geliştirerek OECD ülkelerinde nükleer enerji yatırımlarının gerektirdiği yüksek teknoloji ürün çeşitliliğini sağlayabilmektedir. Ekonomik politik belirsizlikler ise nükleer enerji yatırımları için önemli olan makroekonomik istikrara zarar verebilmektedir. Bu nedenle, OECD ülkelerinde politika geliştiricilerin nükleer enerjiye yönelik politikalar geliştirirken petrol ithalat fiyatlarını, finansallaşmayı ve ekonomik karmaşıklık düzeyini dikkate almaları önerilmektedir. Ayrıca ulaşılan bulgular, OECD ülkelerinde ekonomik politik belirsizliklerinin azaltılmasına yönelik politikaların sürdürülebilirliğinin sağlanmasının nükleer enerji politikalarının etkinliğini artırabileceği görüşünü desteklemektedir.

Keywords

Nükleer Enerji , Finansallaşma , Ekonomik Karmaşıklık , Ekonomik Politika Belirsizlikleri , Petrol İthalatı

Assessing the Impact of Financialization, Economic Complexity, Oil Imports, and Economic Policy Uncertainties on Nuclear Energy Consumption in OECD Countries

Abstract

In this study, the short and long-run impact of financialization, oil import prices, economic complexity and economic policy uncertainties on nuclear energy consumption in 11 OECD member countries (USA, Germany, Belgium, France, Netherlands, UK, Spain, Sweden, Japan, Canada, and South Korea) has been analyzed for the period 2003-2022 using the Durbin-Hausman test and PMG-ARDL methods, which can be used when the variables are integrated at different levels. As a result of the co-integration analysis, it was found that the variables move together in the long run. The findings indicated that increases in oil import prices, financialization and economic complexity enhance nuclear energy consumption, while increases in economic policy uncertainty decrease nuclear energy consumption. Accordingly, increasing oil prices may lead policymakers to alternative sources such as nuclear energy, independent of external factors. Financialization can improve resource allocation for nuclear energy investments by increasing the efficiency of financial markets and institutions, and deepening financial markets can increase liquidity and diversify financial assets for financing nuclear energy. Moreover, economic complexity can enhance the ability to produce sophisticated products, enabling the diversity of high-tech products required for nuclear energy investments in OECD countries. Economic and political uncertainty, on the other hand, can undermine macroeconomic stability, which is essential for nuclear energy investments. Therefore, it is recommended that policymakers in OECD countries consider oil import prices, financialization, and economic complexity when developing policies for nuclear energy. Moreover, the findings support the view that ensuring the sustainability of policies to reduce economic policy uncertainties in OECD countries can increase the effectiveness of nuclear energy policies.

Keywords

Nuclear Energy , Financialization , Economic Complexity , Economic Policy Uncertainty , Crude Oil Import

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