TRADITIONS OF LITERARY LANGUAGE OF THE CRIMEAN TURKS: ON POEMS AND LETTERS OF BORA GAZİ GİRAY
Abstract
The Crimean peninsula and the lands known as “Desht-i Kipchak” has accepted the many waves of immigration of different Turkic tribes in different periods. All the Turkic peoples, folks and tribes who came here have left their mark in history, especially in the history of language. Mixing and crossing languages is a normal process in the formation of world languages. The Crimean Tatar language has been influenced by many Turkish dialects and other neighboring languages. Article deals with the formation problematique of Crimean Tatar literary language in a period when the official language of the Golden Horde has a highly active interaction with Ottoman Turkish and the dialects of local people in Crimea (called as Kuman or Kipchak). In the sample used in the study, Kuman language appears to be the basis of modern Crimean Tatar language and it has also certain traces from the Turkish of Golden Horde and especially Ottoman Turkish. The letter (yarlyk) of the Crimean Khan Bora Gazi Giray was taken as a sample of language. The text was also translated into contemporary Turkish.
Keywords
Mixing of languages,yarlyk,“Desht-i Kipchak”,Turkic,Codex Cumanicus,Coman
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