YAŞLILARLA SOSYAL HİZMETLERDE YENİ PARADİGMA: YAŞLILARI GÜÇLENDİRME

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 47, 355 - 382, 02.10.2020

Melike Pak

https://doi.org/10.21560/spcd.vi.535708

Cited By: 3

Öz

Yaşlı
bireyler toplum tabanında ve sosyal politika uygulamalarında bakıma muhtaç,
diğerlerine bağımlı, topluma faydasız ve yük olarak değerlendirilmekte, bu algı
hizmet süreçlerine de yansımaktadır. Ülkemizde yaşlı bireylere yönelik sosyal
hizmetler bakım modeli odaklı olarak uygulanmakta, bu durum yaşlıları daha
bağımlı hale getirerek güçsüzleştirmektedir. Ancak son yıllarda sosyal hizmet
disiplininde ön plana çıkan güçlendirme yaklaşımı, bireylerin içsel
potansiyellerinin geliştirilmesi, güçlü yanlarının ön plana çıkarılması,
çevresel kaynakların harekete geçirilmesi, karar süreçlerine dahil olması,
topluma katkı ve katılımlarının desteklenmesi ile birlikte yaşlıların toplumda
olumsuz algılanmasının önüne geçilmesi ve yaşam kalitelerinin arttırılması
açısından faydalı görülmektedir. Güçlendirme yaklaşımında hizmet alanlarla
işbirliği içinde bir süreç izlenerek kurum bakımı, sağlık hizmetleri ve sosyal
hizmetlerde güçlendirme odaklı uygulamalar ile birlikte kollektif grup
çalışmaları, sivil katılım, istihdam, eğitim, gönüllü çalışmalar, kuşaklararası
ilişkiler gibi pek çok alan yaşlı bireylerin güçlendirilmesi için
kullanılabilir. Yaşlı bireylerin yardıma muhtaç ve güçsüz bir grup olarak algılanmasını
önlemek için makro düzeyde sosyal politika uygulamaları üretilmesi
gerekmektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yaşlı, Güçlendirme, Politika, Sosyal Hizmetler, Katılım

Kaynakça

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