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Strategy Implementation Styles of Local Authorities of Copperbelt Province (Zambia)

Year 2020, , 33 - 53, 31.05.2020
https://doi.org/10.25069/spmj.724100

Abstract

Serious concerns have been raised by strategic plan formulation and implementation experts on the best strategic plan implementation style to result in effectiveness and efficiency in organisational performance. Nonetheless, empirical studies on this issue are at its infancy. In the developing economies no effort has been made by researchers to establish the best strategic plan implementation style. The literature indicated that an effort was made by researchers to establish the best strategic plan implementation style for effectiveness and efficiency in Turkish Municipal Authorities. The purpose of the study was to establish the strategy implementation styles used by local authorities on the Copperbelt Province of Zambia to realize their strategic objectives. Five out of ten local authorities were used for the study. Four strategy implementation styles from the literature were adopted and used as independent variables, i.e., rational, instrumentalism, logic-instrumentalism and no implementation style were adopted. The multiple linear regression model used to test the hypotheses revealed that, none of the hypotheses was significant (i.e., p value less than .05) The conclusion was that, though in all the local authorities strategic plan implementation has been carried out using a mixture of rational and incremental styles have been adopted. However, the two styles are not firmly adhered to because of lack of finances to oversee to the plan implementation. The possible reason could be that the organizational culture and systems affect the implementation process; leadership vision in driving the implementation is non-existent, hence poor and ineffective implementation style.

Supporting Institution

Personal Academic Research Work

Project Number

Not Applicable

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References

  • Alharthy, A. H., Rashid, H., Pagliari, R., and Khan, F. (2017), Identification of Strategy Implementation Influencing Factors and Their Effects on the Performance, International Journal of Business and Social Science, England, UK
  • Alu, A. M., and Lie, M. S. (2013), The Theoretical Development of Strategy Implementation from 1980 – 2013. Frederiksberg, Denmark, pp. 2-10.
  • Andrews, R., Beynon, J. M., and Genc, E. (2017), Strategy Implementation Style and Public Service Effectiveness, Efficiency and Equity, Administrative Sciences, pp. 2-16..
  • Andrews, R., Walker R., Boyne, A. G., and Law, J. (2011), Strategy Implementation and Public Service Performance, Administration & Society, Sage Publications
  • Ashkenas, R, N., and Francis, S. C. (2000), Integration Managers: Special Leaders for Special Times, Harvard Business Review, 78(6), pp.108-116.
  • Balogun, J. (2003), From blaming the middle to harnessing its potential: creating change intermediaries, British Journal of Management, 14, pp.69–83.
  • Balogun, J., and Jenkins, M. (2003), Re-conceiving change management: a knowledge based perspective, European Management Journal, 21 (2), pp.247–257.
  • Barnard, C. I. (1938), Functions of the Executive. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. Bantel, K. A., and Osborn, R. N. (2001), The influence of performance, environment and size on the identifiability of firm strategy, British Journal of Management, 6, pp.235-248
  • Belicove, M. E. (2013), Understanding Goals, Strategy, Objectives and Tactics in the Age of Social, Forbes, https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikalbelicove/ accessed 2nd April 2020.
  • Bourgeois, L. J. and Brodwin, D. R. (1984), Strategic implementation: Five approaches to an elusive phenomenon”, Strategic Management Journal, 5, pp.241-264
  • Bradford, R., Duncan, P., and Tarcy, B. (2000), Simplified Strategic Planning: A No-Nonsense Guide for busy people who wants results fast. Worcester, MA: Chandler House Press.
  • Bryson, J. M. (2011), Strategic Planning for Public and Non-profit Organizations, 4th ed. Wiley: New York, NY, USA.
  • Cater, T., and Pucko, D. (2010), Factors of Effective Strategy Implementation: empirical Evidence from Slovenia Business Practice, Journal of East European Management Studies, ISSN 0949-6181, Hampp Mering, Vol.15, Issue.3, pp.207-236
  • Cespedes, C. V., and Piercy, N. F. (1996), Implementing Marketing Strategy, Journal of Marketing Management, 2, pp.135-160
  • De Kluyver, C. A., and Pearce, J. A. (2003), Strategy: A view from the top. An Executive Perspective. Prentice Hall
  • Delbridge, R, C., Truss, K., Shantz, A. A., and Soane, E. C. (eds.) (2013), Employee Engagement in Theory and Practice”. London: Routledge
  • Dobni, C. B., and Luffnan, G. (2003), “Determining the scope and impact of market orientation profiles on strategy implementation and performance”, Strategic Management Journal, 24, pp.577-585
  • Elbanna, S., and Fabol, Y. (2016), An Analysis of the Comprehensive Implementation of Strategic Plans in Emerging Economics: The Arab Emirates as a Case Study, European Management Review, Vol.13, No.2, Summer, pp.75-89
  • Elbanna, S., Andrews, R., Pollanen, R. (2016), Strategic planning and implementation success in public service organizations: Evidence from Canada, Public Management Review, Vol. 18, pp.1017-1042
  • Giles, W.D. (1991), Making strategy work, Long Range Planning, 24, 5, pp.75-91.
  • Genc, E. (2018), Strategy Implementation, Organizational Culture and Performance in Turkish Local Government, Doctoral Thesis Submitted to Management, Employment and Organization Section of School of Management Cardiff University, Cardiff, Scotland United Kingdom
  • Guohui, S. ,and Eppler, M. J. (2008), Making strategy work: A literature review on the factors influencing strategy implementation, Handbook of Strategy Process Research, pp. 252-276.
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. Y. A., Anderson, R. E., and Tatham, R. (2010), Multivariate Data Analysis, Pearson. Prentice Hall, Essex
  • Håkonsson, D. D., Burton, R. M., Obel, B., and Lauridsen, J. T. (2012), Strategy Implementation Requires the Right Executive Style: Evidence from Danish SMEs, Long Range Planning, 45:2-3, pp.182-208.
  • Hart, S. (1992), An integrative framework for strategy making processes, Academy of Management Review, 17, pp. 327-351.
  • Hickson, D. J., Miller, S. C., and Wilson, D. C. (2003), Planned or prioritized? Two options in managing the implementation of strategic decisions, Journal of Management Studies, 40, pp.1803-1836
  • Hill, M., and Hupe, P. (2009), Implementing public policy (2nd Ed). London, England: SAGE.
  • Hill, W. L. C., and Jones, R. G. (2008), Essentials of Strategic Management, (3rd ed.); Cengage Learning Custom Publishing: Independence, KY, USA, 2008.
  • Hrebiniak, W. (2006), Obstacles to effective strategy implementation, Organizational Dynamics, 35, pp.12-31
  • Hrebiniak, L.G. (2005), Making Strategy Work: Leading Effective Execution and Change”. USA, Ft Press, pp. 1-12.
  • Huy, Q. (2011), How middle managers’ group-focus emotions and organizational social identities influence strategy implementation, Strategic Management Journal, 32(13), pp.1387–1410
  • Hussey, D. (2000), Mergers and acquisitions: the fastest way to destroy value, Strategic Change, 9, pp.265-267
  • IEduNote (2020), Strategic Objectives, Definitions, Classifications of Strategic objectives, https://www.iedunote.com/strategic-objectives Assessed 2nd April 2020
  • Inkpen, A., and Choudhury, N. (1995), The Seeking of Strategy Where it is not: Towards a theory of Strategy Absence, Strategic Management Journal, 16, pp.313-323 Joshi, M., Sheman, D., and Scvhermerhorn, R. (2004), Strategy Implementation Styles of Malaysia, Thai and Hungarian Middle Managers, Asian Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp.19–33 Kennedy, J. C. (2002), Leadership in Malaysia: traditional values, international outlook, Academy of Management Executive, 16 (3), pp. 15–26
  • Keyte C. (2014), What are Strategic Objectives? Business 2 Community, Business & Finance- Strategy, www.business2community.com March 19th 2014, Assessed 2nd April 2020
  • Kim, S. (2002), Participative management and job satisfaction: Lessons for management leadership, Public Administration Review, 62, pp.231-241
  • Kirui, S. K. (2013), Factors Influencing Implementation of Strategic Plans in Local Authorities in Migori County. Kenya. pp. 2-10
  • Li, Y., Gouhui, S., and Eppler, M. J., (2008), Making strategy work: A literature review of factors influencing strategy implementation, ICA Working Paper 2/2008, Institute of Corporate Communication, Univesita della Svizzera Italiana.
  • Lindblom, C. E. (1959), The Science of Muddling Through, Public Administrative Review, Vol. 19, No.2, Spring, pp.79-88
  • Long, E., and Franklin, A. L. (2004), The paradox of implementing the Government Performance and Results Act: Top-down direction for bottom-up implementation, Public Administration Review, 64, pp.309-319.
  • Maishanu, M. M. (2009), Strategic Planning in Local Governments: Concept, Context and Application. Readings in Management Studies, UDU Sokoto, May, pp.152-161
  • Neilson, G., Martin, K., and Powers, E. (2008), The Secrets to successful strategy execution, Harvard Business Review, 86(6), pp.60–70
  • Noble, C. H. (1999), The Eclectic Roots of Strategy Implementation Research, Journal of Business. Research, 45, pp.119–134
  • Nutt, P. (1999). Surprising but true: Half the decisions in organizations fail, Academy of Management Executive, 13, pp.75-90
  • Nyamwanza, T., Mavhiki, S., Sikomwe, S., Mhonde, C. and Mapetere, D. (2012), Strategic Role of Leadership in Strategy Implementation in Zimbabwe's State Owned Enterprises, European Journal of Business and Social Sciences, Vol. 2, No.9, pp. 124-133.
  • Oliveira, A. (2007), Decision making theories and models: A discussion of rational and psychological decision making theories and models: The search for a cultural-ethical decision-Making Model, Electronic Journal of Business Ethics and Organisation Studies, 12(2), pp.12-17.
  • Padovani, E., Young, D. W., and Heichlinger, A. (2018), Implementing Local Government Strategies: A Framework for Action, International Journal of Business and Management, vo. 13, No. 4, pp.73-86
  • Parker, P. J. (1998), The Courage to teach: Exploring the inner landscape of a teacher’s life. The heart of a teacher: Identity and Integrity in Teaching. Jossey Bass Publishers: San Francisco.
  • Parsa, H. G. (1999), Interaction of strategy implementation and power perceptions in franchise systems: An Empirical Investigation”, Journal of Business Research, 45, pp.173-185
  • Pollitt, C., and Bouckaert, G. (2000), Public management reform: A comparative analysis, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Quinn, J. B. (1990), Managing Strategic Change. In Strategic Management; Thompson, A.A., Jr., Fulmer, W. E. Strickland, A.J. III, Eds.; Irwin: Homewood, IL, USA, pp. 10–32
  • Rainey, H. G. (2003), Understanding and managing public organizations, San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
  • Salih, A., and Doll, Y. (2013), A Middle Management Perspective on Strategy Implementation, International Journal of Business and Management, Vol. 8, No. 22;
  • Schaap, J. I. (2006) Toward Strategy Implementation Success: An Empirical Study of the Role of Senior-Level Leaders in the Nevada Gaming Industry, Gaming Research and Review Journal 10(2)
  • Shah, A. M. (2005), The Foundations of successful strategy implementation: Overcoming the obstacles, Global Business Review, 6(2), pp.293-302.
  • Shirey, M. R. (2011), Addressing strategy execution challenges to lead sustainable change, Journal of Nursing Administration, 41(1), pp.1–4
  • Sorooshian, S., Norzima, Z., Yusof, I. and Rosnah, Y. (2010), Effects analysis on strategy implementation drivers, World Applied Sciences Journal, 11(10), pp.1255-1261
  • Speculand, R. (2009), Six necessary mind shifts for implementing strategy, Business Strategy Series, 10(3), pp.167-172.
  • Stewart, J. and Kringas, P. (2003), Change Management: Strategy and Values in six Agencies from Australian Public Service, Public Administration Review, 63(6).
  • Stone, M. M., Bigelow, B., and Crittenden, W. (1999), Research on strategic management in non-profit organizations: Synthesis, analysis and future directions, Administration and Society, 31, pp.378-423.
  • Tapinos, E, Dyson, R. G. and Meadows, M. (2005), The Impact of performance measurement in strategic planning”, International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, UK
  • Terstegen. C. and Willemsen, E. (2005), Strategic Planning in a Local Government Association (LGA) Netherlands, pp. 1-34
  • Teulier, R., and Rouleau, L. (2013), Middle managers' sense making and inter organizational change initiation: Translation spaces and editing practices, Journal of Change Management, 13(3), pp.308–337.
  • Thompson, J. R. (2000), The Reinvention laboratories. Strategic change by indirection, American Review of Public Administration, 30, pp.46-68
  • Uzonwanne, F. (2016), Influence of age and Gender on decision making models and leadership styles of non-profit executives in Texas, USA
  • Vilà, J., and Canales, J. I. (2008), Can strategic planning make strategy more relevant and build commitment overtime? The Case of RACC, Long Range Planning, 41(3), pp.273–290
  • Xu, E., Yuan, L., Kevin, A. and Peng, W. M. (2013), Strategic Management in Private and Family Businesses, Journal of Management, 30(3)

Copperbelt (Zambia) Bölgesi, Yerel Otoritelerinin Strateji Uygulama Biçimleri

Year 2020, , 33 - 53, 31.05.2020
https://doi.org/10.25069/spmj.724100

Abstract

Stratejik plan oluşturma ve uygulama uzmanları, organizasyonların performanslarında etkinlik ve verimlilik sağlamak üzere en iyi stratejik plan uygulama biçimleri konusunda ciddi endişeler belirtmektedirler. Bununla birlikte, bu konudaki ampirik çalışmalar henüz başlangıç aşamasındadır. Gelişmekte olan ekonomilerde, araştırmacılar en iyi stratejik plan uygulama biçimi oluşturma konusunda hiçbir çaba göstermemektedirler. Literatür, araştırmacılar tarafından Türk Belediye Otoritelerindeki etkinlik ve verimliliğin sağlanması amacıyla en iyi stratejik plan uygulama biçimini oluşturma çabasında olduğunu göstermektedir.

Çalışmanın amacı, Zambiya'nın Copperbelt eyaletindeki yerel otoritelerinin stratejik hedeflerini gerçekleştirmek amacıyla kullandıkları strateji uygulama biçimlerini oluşturmaktır. Çalışma on yerel otoriterin beşini kapsamaktadır. Literatürden dört strateji uygulama biçimi (rasyonel, enstrümantalizm, rasyonel-enstrümantalizm ve hiçbir uygulama biçimi) benimsenerek bağımsız değişken olarak kullanılmıştır. Hipotezleri test etmek için kullanılan çoklu lineer regresyon modeli, hipotezlerin hiçbirinin anlamlı olmadığını (p değeri .05'den küçük) ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, tüm yerel otoritelerde rasyonel ve enstrümantalizm biçimlerinin bir karışımı kullanılarak stratejik plan uygulaması benimsendiği ifade edilmektedir. Bununla birlikte, planın uygulanmasını denetlenmesini sağlayacak finansman eksikliği nedeniyle iki biçime de sıkı sıkıya bağlı kalınmamaktadır. Bu durumun olası nedeni, uygulamanın yönlendirilmesindeki liderlik vizyonu eksikliği, dolayısıyla zayıf ve etkisiz uygulama tarzı gibi örgüt kültür ve sistemlerinin uygulama sürecini etkilemesi olabilir.

Project Number

Not Applicable

References

  • Alharthy, A. H., Rashid, H., Pagliari, R., and Khan, F. (2017), Identification of Strategy Implementation Influencing Factors and Their Effects on the Performance, International Journal of Business and Social Science, England, UK
  • Alu, A. M., and Lie, M. S. (2013), The Theoretical Development of Strategy Implementation from 1980 – 2013. Frederiksberg, Denmark, pp. 2-10.
  • Andrews, R., Beynon, J. M., and Genc, E. (2017), Strategy Implementation Style and Public Service Effectiveness, Efficiency and Equity, Administrative Sciences, pp. 2-16..
  • Andrews, R., Walker R., Boyne, A. G., and Law, J. (2011), Strategy Implementation and Public Service Performance, Administration & Society, Sage Publications
  • Ashkenas, R, N., and Francis, S. C. (2000), Integration Managers: Special Leaders for Special Times, Harvard Business Review, 78(6), pp.108-116.
  • Balogun, J. (2003), From blaming the middle to harnessing its potential: creating change intermediaries, British Journal of Management, 14, pp.69–83.
  • Balogun, J., and Jenkins, M. (2003), Re-conceiving change management: a knowledge based perspective, European Management Journal, 21 (2), pp.247–257.
  • Barnard, C. I. (1938), Functions of the Executive. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. Bantel, K. A., and Osborn, R. N. (2001), The influence of performance, environment and size on the identifiability of firm strategy, British Journal of Management, 6, pp.235-248
  • Belicove, M. E. (2013), Understanding Goals, Strategy, Objectives and Tactics in the Age of Social, Forbes, https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikalbelicove/ accessed 2nd April 2020.
  • Bourgeois, L. J. and Brodwin, D. R. (1984), Strategic implementation: Five approaches to an elusive phenomenon”, Strategic Management Journal, 5, pp.241-264
  • Bradford, R., Duncan, P., and Tarcy, B. (2000), Simplified Strategic Planning: A No-Nonsense Guide for busy people who wants results fast. Worcester, MA: Chandler House Press.
  • Bryson, J. M. (2011), Strategic Planning for Public and Non-profit Organizations, 4th ed. Wiley: New York, NY, USA.
  • Cater, T., and Pucko, D. (2010), Factors of Effective Strategy Implementation: empirical Evidence from Slovenia Business Practice, Journal of East European Management Studies, ISSN 0949-6181, Hampp Mering, Vol.15, Issue.3, pp.207-236
  • Cespedes, C. V., and Piercy, N. F. (1996), Implementing Marketing Strategy, Journal of Marketing Management, 2, pp.135-160
  • De Kluyver, C. A., and Pearce, J. A. (2003), Strategy: A view from the top. An Executive Perspective. Prentice Hall
  • Delbridge, R, C., Truss, K., Shantz, A. A., and Soane, E. C. (eds.) (2013), Employee Engagement in Theory and Practice”. London: Routledge
  • Dobni, C. B., and Luffnan, G. (2003), “Determining the scope and impact of market orientation profiles on strategy implementation and performance”, Strategic Management Journal, 24, pp.577-585
  • Elbanna, S., and Fabol, Y. (2016), An Analysis of the Comprehensive Implementation of Strategic Plans in Emerging Economics: The Arab Emirates as a Case Study, European Management Review, Vol.13, No.2, Summer, pp.75-89
  • Elbanna, S., Andrews, R., Pollanen, R. (2016), Strategic planning and implementation success in public service organizations: Evidence from Canada, Public Management Review, Vol. 18, pp.1017-1042
  • Giles, W.D. (1991), Making strategy work, Long Range Planning, 24, 5, pp.75-91.
  • Genc, E. (2018), Strategy Implementation, Organizational Culture and Performance in Turkish Local Government, Doctoral Thesis Submitted to Management, Employment and Organization Section of School of Management Cardiff University, Cardiff, Scotland United Kingdom
  • Guohui, S. ,and Eppler, M. J. (2008), Making strategy work: A literature review on the factors influencing strategy implementation, Handbook of Strategy Process Research, pp. 252-276.
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. Y. A., Anderson, R. E., and Tatham, R. (2010), Multivariate Data Analysis, Pearson. Prentice Hall, Essex
  • Håkonsson, D. D., Burton, R. M., Obel, B., and Lauridsen, J. T. (2012), Strategy Implementation Requires the Right Executive Style: Evidence from Danish SMEs, Long Range Planning, 45:2-3, pp.182-208.
  • Hart, S. (1992), An integrative framework for strategy making processes, Academy of Management Review, 17, pp. 327-351.
  • Hickson, D. J., Miller, S. C., and Wilson, D. C. (2003), Planned or prioritized? Two options in managing the implementation of strategic decisions, Journal of Management Studies, 40, pp.1803-1836
  • Hill, M., and Hupe, P. (2009), Implementing public policy (2nd Ed). London, England: SAGE.
  • Hill, W. L. C., and Jones, R. G. (2008), Essentials of Strategic Management, (3rd ed.); Cengage Learning Custom Publishing: Independence, KY, USA, 2008.
  • Hrebiniak, W. (2006), Obstacles to effective strategy implementation, Organizational Dynamics, 35, pp.12-31
  • Hrebiniak, L.G. (2005), Making Strategy Work: Leading Effective Execution and Change”. USA, Ft Press, pp. 1-12.
  • Huy, Q. (2011), How middle managers’ group-focus emotions and organizational social identities influence strategy implementation, Strategic Management Journal, 32(13), pp.1387–1410
  • Hussey, D. (2000), Mergers and acquisitions: the fastest way to destroy value, Strategic Change, 9, pp.265-267
  • IEduNote (2020), Strategic Objectives, Definitions, Classifications of Strategic objectives, https://www.iedunote.com/strategic-objectives Assessed 2nd April 2020
  • Inkpen, A., and Choudhury, N. (1995), The Seeking of Strategy Where it is not: Towards a theory of Strategy Absence, Strategic Management Journal, 16, pp.313-323 Joshi, M., Sheman, D., and Scvhermerhorn, R. (2004), Strategy Implementation Styles of Malaysia, Thai and Hungarian Middle Managers, Asian Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp.19–33 Kennedy, J. C. (2002), Leadership in Malaysia: traditional values, international outlook, Academy of Management Executive, 16 (3), pp. 15–26
  • Keyte C. (2014), What are Strategic Objectives? Business 2 Community, Business & Finance- Strategy, www.business2community.com March 19th 2014, Assessed 2nd April 2020
  • Kim, S. (2002), Participative management and job satisfaction: Lessons for management leadership, Public Administration Review, 62, pp.231-241
  • Kirui, S. K. (2013), Factors Influencing Implementation of Strategic Plans in Local Authorities in Migori County. Kenya. pp. 2-10
  • Li, Y., Gouhui, S., and Eppler, M. J., (2008), Making strategy work: A literature review of factors influencing strategy implementation, ICA Working Paper 2/2008, Institute of Corporate Communication, Univesita della Svizzera Italiana.
  • Lindblom, C. E. (1959), The Science of Muddling Through, Public Administrative Review, Vol. 19, No.2, Spring, pp.79-88
  • Long, E., and Franklin, A. L. (2004), The paradox of implementing the Government Performance and Results Act: Top-down direction for bottom-up implementation, Public Administration Review, 64, pp.309-319.
  • Maishanu, M. M. (2009), Strategic Planning in Local Governments: Concept, Context and Application. Readings in Management Studies, UDU Sokoto, May, pp.152-161
  • Neilson, G., Martin, K., and Powers, E. (2008), The Secrets to successful strategy execution, Harvard Business Review, 86(6), pp.60–70
  • Noble, C. H. (1999), The Eclectic Roots of Strategy Implementation Research, Journal of Business. Research, 45, pp.119–134
  • Nutt, P. (1999). Surprising but true: Half the decisions in organizations fail, Academy of Management Executive, 13, pp.75-90
  • Nyamwanza, T., Mavhiki, S., Sikomwe, S., Mhonde, C. and Mapetere, D. (2012), Strategic Role of Leadership in Strategy Implementation in Zimbabwe's State Owned Enterprises, European Journal of Business and Social Sciences, Vol. 2, No.9, pp. 124-133.
  • Oliveira, A. (2007), Decision making theories and models: A discussion of rational and psychological decision making theories and models: The search for a cultural-ethical decision-Making Model, Electronic Journal of Business Ethics and Organisation Studies, 12(2), pp.12-17.
  • Padovani, E., Young, D. W., and Heichlinger, A. (2018), Implementing Local Government Strategies: A Framework for Action, International Journal of Business and Management, vo. 13, No. 4, pp.73-86
  • Parker, P. J. (1998), The Courage to teach: Exploring the inner landscape of a teacher’s life. The heart of a teacher: Identity and Integrity in Teaching. Jossey Bass Publishers: San Francisco.
  • Parsa, H. G. (1999), Interaction of strategy implementation and power perceptions in franchise systems: An Empirical Investigation”, Journal of Business Research, 45, pp.173-185
  • Pollitt, C., and Bouckaert, G. (2000), Public management reform: A comparative analysis, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Quinn, J. B. (1990), Managing Strategic Change. In Strategic Management; Thompson, A.A., Jr., Fulmer, W. E. Strickland, A.J. III, Eds.; Irwin: Homewood, IL, USA, pp. 10–32
  • Rainey, H. G. (2003), Understanding and managing public organizations, San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
  • Salih, A., and Doll, Y. (2013), A Middle Management Perspective on Strategy Implementation, International Journal of Business and Management, Vol. 8, No. 22;
  • Schaap, J. I. (2006) Toward Strategy Implementation Success: An Empirical Study of the Role of Senior-Level Leaders in the Nevada Gaming Industry, Gaming Research and Review Journal 10(2)
  • Shah, A. M. (2005), The Foundations of successful strategy implementation: Overcoming the obstacles, Global Business Review, 6(2), pp.293-302.
  • Shirey, M. R. (2011), Addressing strategy execution challenges to lead sustainable change, Journal of Nursing Administration, 41(1), pp.1–4
  • Sorooshian, S., Norzima, Z., Yusof, I. and Rosnah, Y. (2010), Effects analysis on strategy implementation drivers, World Applied Sciences Journal, 11(10), pp.1255-1261
  • Speculand, R. (2009), Six necessary mind shifts for implementing strategy, Business Strategy Series, 10(3), pp.167-172.
  • Stewart, J. and Kringas, P. (2003), Change Management: Strategy and Values in six Agencies from Australian Public Service, Public Administration Review, 63(6).
  • Stone, M. M., Bigelow, B., and Crittenden, W. (1999), Research on strategic management in non-profit organizations: Synthesis, analysis and future directions, Administration and Society, 31, pp.378-423.
  • Tapinos, E, Dyson, R. G. and Meadows, M. (2005), The Impact of performance measurement in strategic planning”, International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, UK
  • Terstegen. C. and Willemsen, E. (2005), Strategic Planning in a Local Government Association (LGA) Netherlands, pp. 1-34
  • Teulier, R., and Rouleau, L. (2013), Middle managers' sense making and inter organizational change initiation: Translation spaces and editing practices, Journal of Change Management, 13(3), pp.308–337.
  • Thompson, J. R. (2000), The Reinvention laboratories. Strategic change by indirection, American Review of Public Administration, 30, pp.46-68
  • Uzonwanne, F. (2016), Influence of age and Gender on decision making models and leadership styles of non-profit executives in Texas, USA
  • Vilà, J., and Canales, J. I. (2008), Can strategic planning make strategy more relevant and build commitment overtime? The Case of RACC, Long Range Planning, 41(3), pp.273–290
  • Xu, E., Yuan, L., Kevin, A. and Peng, W. M. (2013), Strategic Management in Private and Family Businesses, Journal of Management, 30(3)
There are 67 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Urban Policy
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Thomas Kweku Taylor

Lweendo Buumba This is me 0000-0001-5229-159X

Project Number Not Applicable
Publication Date May 31, 2020
Submission Date April 20, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020

Cite

APA Taylor, T. K., & Buumba, L. (2020). Strategy Implementation Styles of Local Authorities of Copperbelt Province (Zambia). Strategic Public Management Journal, 6(11), 33-53. https://doi.org/10.25069/spmj.724100

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