THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT WARM-UP PROTOCOLS ON BENCH PRESS 1RM PERFORMANCE IN SPRINT KAYAKERS

Year 2018, , 16 - 24, 01.08.2018

Fırat Akca Dicle Aras

https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000351

Abstract

In order to investigate the effects of different warm-up conditions on one repetition maximum (1RM) bench press performance, eleven highly trained male sprint kayakers completed 1RM bench press tests after 4 different general warm-up condition with a standardized bench press specific warm-up. The workloads of the warm-up protocols were individually designed according to the results of the incremental maximal kayak ergometer test that applied initially. The duration of the protocols were fixed as 15 min for each participant, but there were differences in the intensity of the warm-up. In data analysis, lactate, heart rate, rating of perceived exertion and bench press 1 RM results were dependent variables and differences in these variables were compared using a linear mixed model analysis. A probability level of 0.05 was established to determine statistical significance. As a conclusion, employing low intensity warm-up with five supramaximal sprints substantially improved 1RM bench press performance compared to other warm-up protocols. The suggested warm-up consisted of 15 minutes of low intensity (40% of VO2Max) kayak ergometer paddling with five supramaximal sprints that lasts 10 seconds at the intensity of 200 % of VOpaddling. , in the last 5 minutes of the

Keywords

Continuous, intermittent, flatwater kayak, maximal strength

References

• Bishop D (2003b): Warm up II - Performance changes to structure the warm following active warm up and how up. Sports Med, 33(7):483-498.
• Woods K, Bishop P, Jones E (2007): Warm-up and stretching in the prevention of muscular injury. Sports Med, 37(12):1089-1099.
• Pescatello LS (2014): ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing and prescription, 9th ed, Philadelphia, Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Health.
• Gourgoulis V, Aggeloussis N, Kasimatis P, Mavromatis G, Garas A (2003): Effect of a submaximal half- squats warm-up program on vertical jumping ability. J Strength Cond Res, 17(2):342-344.
• Stewart D, Macaluso A, De Vito G (2003): The effect of an active warm-up on surface EMG and muscle performance in healthy humans. Eur J Appl Physiol, 89(6):509-513.
• Barroso R, Silva-Batista C, Tricoli V, Roschel H, Ugrinowitsch C (2013): The effects of different intensities and durations of the general warm-up on leg press 1RM. J Strength Cond Res, 27(4):1009-1013.
• Bishop D, Bonetti D, Spencer M (2003): The effect of an intermittent, high-intensity warm-up on supramaximal kayak ergometer performance. J Sports Sci, 21(1):13-20.
• García-Pallarés J, Sánchez-Medina L, Carrasco L, Díaz A, Izquierdo M (2009): Endurance and neuromuscular changes in world-class level kayakers during a periodized training cycle. Eur J Appl Physiol, 106(4):629-638.
• Hahn A, Bourdon PRT (2000): Physiological tests for elite athletes, Champaign, Ill., Human Kinetics.
• Bullock N, Bonetti D, Wolford S, Peeling P (2012): Protocols for the physiological assessment of sprint kayak athletes. In: Physiological tests for elite athletes. CJ Gore, ed, 2nd ed, Champaign, IL, Human Kinetics.
• Heil DP, Wilcox AR, Quinn CM (1995): Cardiorespiratory responses to seat-tube angle variation during steady-state cycling. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 27(5):730-735.
• Price D, Donne B (1997): Effect of variation in seat tube angle at different seat heights on submaximal cycling performance in man. J Sports Sci, 15(4):395-402.
• Borg GA (1982): Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 14(5):377-381.
• Rubini EC, Costa AL, Gomes PS (2007): The effects of stretching on strength performance. Sports Med, 37(3):213-224.
• Bacurau RF, Monteiro GA, Ugrinowitsch C, Tricoli V, Cabral LF, Aoki MS (2009): Acute effect of a ballistic and a static stretching exercise bout on flexibility and maximal strength. J Strength Cond Res, 23(1):304-308.
• Costa PB, Herda TJ, Herda AA, Cramer JT (2014): Effects of dynamic stretching on strength, muscle imbalance, and muscle activation. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 46(3):586-593.
• Abadie BR, Wentworth MC (2000): Prediction of one repetition maximal strength from a 5-10 repetititon submaximal strength test in college-aged females. JEP Online, 3(3).
• Karlsson J, Diamant B, Saltin B (1970): Muscle metabolites during submaximal and maximal exercise in man. Scand J Clin Lab Invest, 26(4):385-394.
• Pyke FS (1968): The effect of preliminary activity on maximal motor performance. Res Q, 39(4):1069- 1076.
• Sargeant AJ, Dolan P (1985): Effect of prior exercise on maximal short-term power output in humans. J Appl Physiol, 63(4):1475-1480.
• Bogdanis GC, Nevill ME, Boobis LH, Lakomy HK, Nevill AM (1995): Recovery of power output and muscle metabolites following 30 s of maximal sprint cycling in man. J Physiol, 482 ( Pt2):467-480.
• Bogdanis GC, Nevill ME, Lakomy HK, Boobis LH (1998): Power output and muscle metabolism during and following recovery from 10 and 20 s of maximal sprint exercise in humans. Acta Physiol Scand, 163(3):261-272.
• Saltin B, Gagge AP, Stolwijk JA (1968): Muscle temperature during submaximal exercise in man. J Appl Physiol, 25(6):679-688.
• Starkie RL, Hargreaves M, Lambert DL, Proietto J, Febbraio MA (1999): Effect of temperature on muscle metabolism during submaximal exercise in humans. Exp Physiol, 84(4):775-784.
• Price MJ, Campbell IG (1997): Thermoregulatory responses of paraplegic and able-bodied athletes at rest and during prolonged upper body exercise and passive recovery. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol, 76(6):552-560.
• Bishop D, Bonetti D, Dawson B (2001): The effect of three different warm-up intensities on kayak ergometer performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 33(6):1026-1032.
• Robbins DW (2005): Postactivation potentiation and its practical applicability: a brief review. J Strength Cond Res, 19(2):453-458.
• Wilcox J, Larson R, Brochu KM, Faigenbaum AD (2006): Acute explosive-force movements enhance bench-press performance in athletic men. Int J Sports Physiol Perform, 1(3):261-269.
• Mccomas AJ, Quinlan J, Vandervoort A (1983): Twitch potentiation after voluntary contraction. J Physiol- London, 334(Jan):P33-P34.
• Gullich A, Schmidtbleicher D (1996): MVC-Induced short-term potentiation of explosive force. New Studies in Athletics, 11(4):67-81.
• Young WB, Jenner A, Griffiths K (1998): Acute enhancement of power performance from heavy load squats. J Strength Cond Res, 12(2):82-84.