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ANKİLOZAN SPONDİLİT TEDAVİSİNDE EGZERSİZİN ÖNEMİ

Year 2006, Volume: 4 Issue: 4, 155 - 161, 01.10.2006
https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000068

Abstract

Ankilozan Spondilit (AS), özellikle vertebral kolonda inflamasyonla karekterize seronegatif spondiloartropati grubunun prototipi olan kronik, sistemik romatizmal bir hastalıktır. Bu hastalık, kalıtsal bir hastalıktır ve tedavisi yoktur. Sadece hastaların yaşam kalitelerini arttırmaya yönelik ilaç ve egzersiz tedavisi önerilir. İlaç tedavisi kadar egzersiz tedavisine önem verilmemektedir ya da egzersiz tedavisi kısıtlı yapılmaktadır. Bu hastalığın tedavisi ile ilgili olarak literatür incelendiğinde; ilaç tedavisi kadar egzersiz tedavisinin de önemi vurgulanmaktadır. Bu makalede, ankilozan spondilit tedavisinde egzersizin önemi tartışılmış ve güncel literatür gözden geçirilmiştir

References

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  • Dougados M.,Heijde V.D., Ankylosing Spondylitis: How Should The Disease be Assessed? Best Practice and Research Clinical Rheumatology,Elsevier Science Ltd., France,; 16(4): 605-618, 2002
  • Khan, M.A., Ankylosing Spondylitis The Facts , Case Western Reserve University, Ohio, Oxford, http://www.oup- usa.org/isbn/0192632825.html, erişim tarihi: 04.12.2002
  • Klippel, J.H., Dieppe,P.A., Rheumatology ,Primer on The Rheumatic Disease, Arthritis Foundation, Atlanta, Georgia, 189-195, 1997
  • Lipsky, P.E., Reaktive Arthritis and Reiter’s Syndrome, Etiology and Pathogenesis, Klipper JH., Dieppe P.A(Ed.) Rheumatology, Mosby, Barcelona, 6-12, 1-6, 1998
  • Resnick, D., Bone., Joint Imageing, WB. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, London, 1:299-319, 1992
  • Spehar, J., Ankylosing Spondylitis Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine,January 01, 1995, p=3, http:/www.findarticles.com/cf.o/g2603/0001/2603000161/p3/article.jhtml?term=ankylosing+spondylitis+and+exerciseankylosingspo ndylitis, erişim tarihi: 19.04.2006.
  • Dagfinrud, H., Hagen, K., Physiotherapy İnterventions for Ankylosing Spondylitis (Cochrane Review), Cochrane Database Syst Rev University of Oslo,Norway, 4. 2001
  • Gratacos, J., Collado, A., Pons, F., Osaba, M., Sanmarti, R., Roque, M., Larrosa, M., Munoz-Gomez J., Significant Loss of Bone Mass in Patients with Early, Active Ankylosing Spondylitis, Arthritis & Rheumatism, 42(11):2319-2324. 1999
  • Seçkin, Ü., Bölükbaşı, N., Gürsel, G., Eröz, S., Sepici, V., Ekim, N., Relationship Between Pulmonary Function and Exercise Tolerance in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis, Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology, 18:503-506, 2000
  • Calin, A., Ankylosing Spondylitis. Med. Clin. North Am. 70: 323-336, 1986
  • Taylor, R.B., Taylor’s Family Medicine Review, The Musculoskeletal System and Connective Tissue, Springer-Verlag, Newyorg Inc, USA 23:226, 1999
  • Braun, J., Pham, T., Sieper, J., Davis, J., Linden, Der S., Dougados, M., Heijde Vander, D., International ASAS Consensus Statement for the Use of Anti-tumour Necrosis Factor Agents in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis, Ann Rheum Dis, 62(9):817- 824, 2003
  • Taurog, J.D., Lipsky, P.E., Ankylosing Spondylitis , Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, Fauci A S., Braunward E, Isselbacher K J, Wilson JD, Martin J B, Kasper D L, Hauser S L, Longo D L(Edi.), R R Donnelley and Sons, Volüm:2, , 14th edition,; 317:1904- 1906, 1998
  • Karaaslan, Y., Doğanavşargil, E., Klinik Romatoloji, Romatoloji Araştırma ve Eğitim Derneği, Hekimler Yayın Birliği, Medikomat Basım Yayın Sanayi, Roche Firması, Medicographics Ajans ve Matbaası, İstanbul, 180-187, 1996
  • Kantor, T., Arthritis and Related Disorders, Ankylosing Spondylitis, Goodgold J. (Edi.), Rehabilitation Medicine, The C.V. Mosby Company, USA,13:198-199, 1988
  • Goroll, A.H., Mulley, A.G., Primary Care Medicine, Office Evaluation and Management of the Adult Patient, 4th Edition, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Company, USA , 829-837, 2000
  • Kelly, W.N., Haris, E.D., Ruddy, S., Sledge, C.B., Textbook of Rheumatology, W.B. Saunders Company, W.B. Staff S.(Edi.), USA, 3th, 1021-1034, 1989
  • Van der Linden, S., Van,der Heijde, D., “Ankylosing Spondylitis Clinical Features.”, Rheum. Dis. Clin. North Am., United States.Issue:4, 24:663-76, 1998
  • Arnett, F.C., Ankylosing Spondylitis Koopman W.J. (Ed.) Arthritis and Allied Conditions A., Textbook Rheumatology, Williams and Wilkins, Pennsyluania, 1197-2008, 1997
  • Van der Linden, S., Ankylosing Spondylitis In, Kelly N. Ruddy S., Harris E, Sledge C. (Edi.), Testbook of Rheumatology. WB. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 969-982, 1997
  • Dougados, M., Efficcacy of Celecoxib, a Cyclooxy-genase 2-Specific İnhibitor, in The Treatment of Ankylosing Spondilitis, Arthritis Rheum, 44:180-185, 2001
  • Maksymowych, W.P., A Six-Month Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind, Dose-Response Comparison of İntra-venous Pamidronate (60 mg versus 10mg) in The Treatment of Nonsteriodal Antiinflammatory Drug-Refractory Ankylosing Spondylitis. Arthritis Rheum. 46: 766-773, 2002
  • Scalapino, K.J., Davis, J.C., The Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis, Clin Exp. Med , 2: 159-165, 2003
  • Spring, H., Sports in Ankylosing Spondylitis Schweiz Rundsch Med. Prax, Switzerland, 80(23):629-635, 1991
  • Haslock, I., Ankylosing Spondylitis Management, Klippel J.H. Dieppe P.A(edi.) Rheumatology, Mosby, Barcelona,;6-12, 1-6, 1998
  • Lau, C.S., Vargas, R.B., Louthrenoo W. Spondyloarthropathies , Rheumatic Diseases, Clin. North Am. 24:753-70, 1998
  • The Arthritis Society Ankylosing Spondylitis, http://www.arthritis.ca/types%20of%20arthritis/as/default.asp?s=1 erişim tarihi: 09.01.2003.
  • Young, C.C., Back Injuries, Johnson R.(Edi.), Sports Medicine in Primary Care, W.B. Saunders Company, , USA, 13:199, 2000
  • Haverkamp, H.C., Metelits, M., Hartnett, J., Olsson, K., Coast, R., Pulmonary Function Subsequent to Expiratory Muscle Fatique in Healthy Humans. Int J Sports Med. 22:498-503, 2001
  • Fox, E., Bower, R., Foss, M., The Physiogical Basis of Physical Education and Athletics, USA, 204-216, 1989
  • Thoden, J.S., Wilson, B.A., Mac.Dougall, J.D., Testing Aerobic Power, MacDougall J D, Wenger H A, Green H J. Physiological Testing of The Elite Athlete, 4:39-54, 1980
  • Exercise and Arthritis, Arthritis Source, University of Washington Orthophedics. http://www.orthop.washington.edu/bone erişim tarihi: 01.12.2000.
  • Bindner, S.R., The Exercise Prescription, Johnson R.(Edi.), Sports Medicine in Primary Care, W.B. Saunders Company, USA, 3: 48-54, 2000
  • Froelicher, V.F., Myers, J.N., Effect of Exercise on The Heart and The Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease, Exercise and The Heart, Fourth Edition, W.B. Saunders Company, USA, 12: 359-390, 2000 Throckmorton B K B. Vital Parts, Committee on Masonic Community Blood Program, http://www.angelfire.com/va/masons/vp30,31,32.html, erişim tarihi: 28.11.2002.
  • Adam, M., Stretching Before Exercise Doesnt Do Squat: Study Finds No Benefit From Limbering Up Before or After Workouts, Health Scout News, erişim tarihi: 12.09.2002, http://www.cporg/premium/ONLİNE/member/Healthsynd/020829/608292/AU.htlm .
  • Allerheiligen W B. Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning National Strength and Conditioning Association, Edi. Baechle T. Human Kinetics, Streching and Warm-up, 1994;19:289-313.
  • Fernandez-de-Las-Penas, C., Alonso-Blanco, C., Morales-Cabezas, M., Miangolarra-Page, J.C., Two exercise interventions for the management of patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. Jun, 84(6):407-19, 2005
  • Mcnair, P.J., Bombroski, E.W., Hewson, D.J., Stanley, S.N., Stretching at The Ankle Joint: Viscoelastic Responses to Holts and Continuous Passive Motion, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Official Journal of The American College of Sports Medicine, 3 (3):354-358, 2001
  • Ciccone, C.D., Alexander, J., Physiology and Therapeuties of Exercise, Exercise to Increase Flexibility and Joint Range of Motion, Goodgold J. (Edi.), Rehabilitation Medicine, The C.V.Mosby Company, USA , 47: 759-772, 1988
  • Publications and Products The Importance of Physical Activity for Persons with Mental Retardation, The American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine, www.sportsmed.org, Erişim Tarihi: 20.01.2001.
  • Gold, D.A., Saunders, M., Huie, G., Rehabilitation Techniques and Therapeutic Modalities, Scudere G.R., McCann P.D., Bruno P.J., Kibiuk L.V.(Edi.), Sports Medicine Principles of Primary CareA Times Mirror Company, USA, 29: 449-462, 1997
  • Johnson, R., Sports Medicine in Primary Care, Principles of Training, Johnson R.(Edi.), W.B. Saunders Company, USA, 4:55-60, 2000
  • Sappia, D., Physiotherapy and sport by Dominique Sappia Stretching, www.seminareire.com/sport/sappia/etirements.uk.html., erişim tarihi: 10.01.2001.
  • Helliwell, P.S., Abbott, C.A., Chamberlain M A. A Randomised Trial of Three Different Physiotherapy Regimes in Ankylosing Spondylitis. Physiotherapy, 82: 85-90, 1996
  • Matsen, F.A., Exercise and Arthritis, Range-of-Motion Exercises, University of Washington Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, http://www.orthop.washington.edu/arthritis/living/exercise/03, erişim tarihi:15.04.2003.
  • Michel, F., Parratte, B., Toussirot, E., Wenling, D., Reeducation De La Spondylarthrite Ankylosante Aspects Pratiques, Rhumato Reeducation, Synoviale, novembre s:19-26, 2000
  • Fisher, L.R., Cawley, M.I.D., Holgate, S.T., Relation Between Chest Expansion, Pulmonary Function and Exercise Tolerance in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis, Ann Rheum Dis. 49:921-925, 1990
  • Cherniack, N.S., Altose, M.D., Homma, I., Rehabilitation of the patient with Respiratory Disease, McGraw Hill Companies, USA, 138, 1999
  • Sharma, S., Arneja, A., Editor: Massagli T L, Talavera F, Salcido R, Allen K L, Cailliet R. Pulmonary Rehabilitation http://www.emedicine.com/pmr/topic181.htm, September, 11,2002, erişim tarihi: 31.10.2002.
  • Ankylosing Spondylitis, http://www.aboutarthritis.com, MedicineNet.com, Erişim tarihi: 02.03.2001.
  • İnce, G., Farklı Aktivite Düzeylerine Sahip Olan Allerjik Astımlı Çocukların Solunum ve Egzersiz Kapasitelerinin Değerlendirilmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana, 1995

THE IMPORTANCE OF EXERCISE IN TREATMENT OF ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS

Year 2006, Volume: 4 Issue: 4, 155 - 161, 01.10.2006
https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000068

Abstract

Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is a chronic, systemic, rheumatic disease that is a prototype of seronegative spondyloarthopathies characterized by inflammation, especially at the spinal column. This disease is hereditary and cannot be treated. The only suggested treatments of which are exercise and drug are for increasing the quality of life in people with AS. The exercise is not considered as important as the drug treatment or the exercise treatment is limited. A growing body of research reveals that exercise is as crucial as drug treatment in the management of AS. In this article, the importance of exercise in treatment of ankylosing spondylitis is discussed with the evaluation of current literature

References

  • Barone, J., Ankylosing spondylitis, Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine, January 01 1995, page:2. http://www.findarticle.com/cf_0/PI/search.jhtml?magR=all+magazines&key=ankylosing+spondylitis+and+exercise, erişim tarihi: 19.04.2006.
  • Dougados M.,Heijde V.D., Ankylosing Spondylitis: How Should The Disease be Assessed? Best Practice and Research Clinical Rheumatology,Elsevier Science Ltd., France,; 16(4): 605-618, 2002
  • Khan, M.A., Ankylosing Spondylitis The Facts , Case Western Reserve University, Ohio, Oxford, http://www.oup- usa.org/isbn/0192632825.html, erişim tarihi: 04.12.2002
  • Klippel, J.H., Dieppe,P.A., Rheumatology ,Primer on The Rheumatic Disease, Arthritis Foundation, Atlanta, Georgia, 189-195, 1997
  • Lipsky, P.E., Reaktive Arthritis and Reiter’s Syndrome, Etiology and Pathogenesis, Klipper JH., Dieppe P.A(Ed.) Rheumatology, Mosby, Barcelona, 6-12, 1-6, 1998
  • Resnick, D., Bone., Joint Imageing, WB. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, London, 1:299-319, 1992
  • Spehar, J., Ankylosing Spondylitis Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine,January 01, 1995, p=3, http:/www.findarticles.com/cf.o/g2603/0001/2603000161/p3/article.jhtml?term=ankylosing+spondylitis+and+exerciseankylosingspo ndylitis, erişim tarihi: 19.04.2006.
  • Dagfinrud, H., Hagen, K., Physiotherapy İnterventions for Ankylosing Spondylitis (Cochrane Review), Cochrane Database Syst Rev University of Oslo,Norway, 4. 2001
  • Gratacos, J., Collado, A., Pons, F., Osaba, M., Sanmarti, R., Roque, M., Larrosa, M., Munoz-Gomez J., Significant Loss of Bone Mass in Patients with Early, Active Ankylosing Spondylitis, Arthritis & Rheumatism, 42(11):2319-2324. 1999
  • Seçkin, Ü., Bölükbaşı, N., Gürsel, G., Eröz, S., Sepici, V., Ekim, N., Relationship Between Pulmonary Function and Exercise Tolerance in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis, Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology, 18:503-506, 2000
  • Calin, A., Ankylosing Spondylitis. Med. Clin. North Am. 70: 323-336, 1986
  • Taylor, R.B., Taylor’s Family Medicine Review, The Musculoskeletal System and Connective Tissue, Springer-Verlag, Newyorg Inc, USA 23:226, 1999
  • Braun, J., Pham, T., Sieper, J., Davis, J., Linden, Der S., Dougados, M., Heijde Vander, D., International ASAS Consensus Statement for the Use of Anti-tumour Necrosis Factor Agents in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis, Ann Rheum Dis, 62(9):817- 824, 2003
  • Taurog, J.D., Lipsky, P.E., Ankylosing Spondylitis , Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, Fauci A S., Braunward E, Isselbacher K J, Wilson JD, Martin J B, Kasper D L, Hauser S L, Longo D L(Edi.), R R Donnelley and Sons, Volüm:2, , 14th edition,; 317:1904- 1906, 1998
  • Karaaslan, Y., Doğanavşargil, E., Klinik Romatoloji, Romatoloji Araştırma ve Eğitim Derneği, Hekimler Yayın Birliği, Medikomat Basım Yayın Sanayi, Roche Firması, Medicographics Ajans ve Matbaası, İstanbul, 180-187, 1996
  • Kantor, T., Arthritis and Related Disorders, Ankylosing Spondylitis, Goodgold J. (Edi.), Rehabilitation Medicine, The C.V. Mosby Company, USA,13:198-199, 1988
  • Goroll, A.H., Mulley, A.G., Primary Care Medicine, Office Evaluation and Management of the Adult Patient, 4th Edition, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Company, USA , 829-837, 2000
  • Kelly, W.N., Haris, E.D., Ruddy, S., Sledge, C.B., Textbook of Rheumatology, W.B. Saunders Company, W.B. Staff S.(Edi.), USA, 3th, 1021-1034, 1989
  • Van der Linden, S., Van,der Heijde, D., “Ankylosing Spondylitis Clinical Features.”, Rheum. Dis. Clin. North Am., United States.Issue:4, 24:663-76, 1998
  • Arnett, F.C., Ankylosing Spondylitis Koopman W.J. (Ed.) Arthritis and Allied Conditions A., Textbook Rheumatology, Williams and Wilkins, Pennsyluania, 1197-2008, 1997
  • Van der Linden, S., Ankylosing Spondylitis In, Kelly N. Ruddy S., Harris E, Sledge C. (Edi.), Testbook of Rheumatology. WB. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 969-982, 1997
  • Dougados, M., Efficcacy of Celecoxib, a Cyclooxy-genase 2-Specific İnhibitor, in The Treatment of Ankylosing Spondilitis, Arthritis Rheum, 44:180-185, 2001
  • Maksymowych, W.P., A Six-Month Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind, Dose-Response Comparison of İntra-venous Pamidronate (60 mg versus 10mg) in The Treatment of Nonsteriodal Antiinflammatory Drug-Refractory Ankylosing Spondylitis. Arthritis Rheum. 46: 766-773, 2002
  • Scalapino, K.J., Davis, J.C., The Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis, Clin Exp. Med , 2: 159-165, 2003
  • Spring, H., Sports in Ankylosing Spondylitis Schweiz Rundsch Med. Prax, Switzerland, 80(23):629-635, 1991
  • Haslock, I., Ankylosing Spondylitis Management, Klippel J.H. Dieppe P.A(edi.) Rheumatology, Mosby, Barcelona,;6-12, 1-6, 1998
  • Lau, C.S., Vargas, R.B., Louthrenoo W. Spondyloarthropathies , Rheumatic Diseases, Clin. North Am. 24:753-70, 1998
  • The Arthritis Society Ankylosing Spondylitis, http://www.arthritis.ca/types%20of%20arthritis/as/default.asp?s=1 erişim tarihi: 09.01.2003.
  • Young, C.C., Back Injuries, Johnson R.(Edi.), Sports Medicine in Primary Care, W.B. Saunders Company, , USA, 13:199, 2000
  • Haverkamp, H.C., Metelits, M., Hartnett, J., Olsson, K., Coast, R., Pulmonary Function Subsequent to Expiratory Muscle Fatique in Healthy Humans. Int J Sports Med. 22:498-503, 2001
  • Fox, E., Bower, R., Foss, M., The Physiogical Basis of Physical Education and Athletics, USA, 204-216, 1989
  • Thoden, J.S., Wilson, B.A., Mac.Dougall, J.D., Testing Aerobic Power, MacDougall J D, Wenger H A, Green H J. Physiological Testing of The Elite Athlete, 4:39-54, 1980
  • Exercise and Arthritis, Arthritis Source, University of Washington Orthophedics. http://www.orthop.washington.edu/bone erişim tarihi: 01.12.2000.
  • Bindner, S.R., The Exercise Prescription, Johnson R.(Edi.), Sports Medicine in Primary Care, W.B. Saunders Company, USA, 3: 48-54, 2000
  • Froelicher, V.F., Myers, J.N., Effect of Exercise on The Heart and The Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease, Exercise and The Heart, Fourth Edition, W.B. Saunders Company, USA, 12: 359-390, 2000 Throckmorton B K B. Vital Parts, Committee on Masonic Community Blood Program, http://www.angelfire.com/va/masons/vp30,31,32.html, erişim tarihi: 28.11.2002.
  • Adam, M., Stretching Before Exercise Doesnt Do Squat: Study Finds No Benefit From Limbering Up Before or After Workouts, Health Scout News, erişim tarihi: 12.09.2002, http://www.cporg/premium/ONLİNE/member/Healthsynd/020829/608292/AU.htlm .
  • Allerheiligen W B. Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning National Strength and Conditioning Association, Edi. Baechle T. Human Kinetics, Streching and Warm-up, 1994;19:289-313.
  • Fernandez-de-Las-Penas, C., Alonso-Blanco, C., Morales-Cabezas, M., Miangolarra-Page, J.C., Two exercise interventions for the management of patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. Jun, 84(6):407-19, 2005
  • Mcnair, P.J., Bombroski, E.W., Hewson, D.J., Stanley, S.N., Stretching at The Ankle Joint: Viscoelastic Responses to Holts and Continuous Passive Motion, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Official Journal of The American College of Sports Medicine, 3 (3):354-358, 2001
  • Ciccone, C.D., Alexander, J., Physiology and Therapeuties of Exercise, Exercise to Increase Flexibility and Joint Range of Motion, Goodgold J. (Edi.), Rehabilitation Medicine, The C.V.Mosby Company, USA , 47: 759-772, 1988
  • Publications and Products The Importance of Physical Activity for Persons with Mental Retardation, The American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine, www.sportsmed.org, Erişim Tarihi: 20.01.2001.
  • Gold, D.A., Saunders, M., Huie, G., Rehabilitation Techniques and Therapeutic Modalities, Scudere G.R., McCann P.D., Bruno P.J., Kibiuk L.V.(Edi.), Sports Medicine Principles of Primary CareA Times Mirror Company, USA, 29: 449-462, 1997
  • Johnson, R., Sports Medicine in Primary Care, Principles of Training, Johnson R.(Edi.), W.B. Saunders Company, USA, 4:55-60, 2000
  • Sappia, D., Physiotherapy and sport by Dominique Sappia Stretching, www.seminareire.com/sport/sappia/etirements.uk.html., erişim tarihi: 10.01.2001.
  • Helliwell, P.S., Abbott, C.A., Chamberlain M A. A Randomised Trial of Three Different Physiotherapy Regimes in Ankylosing Spondylitis. Physiotherapy, 82: 85-90, 1996
  • Matsen, F.A., Exercise and Arthritis, Range-of-Motion Exercises, University of Washington Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, http://www.orthop.washington.edu/arthritis/living/exercise/03, erişim tarihi:15.04.2003.
  • Michel, F., Parratte, B., Toussirot, E., Wenling, D., Reeducation De La Spondylarthrite Ankylosante Aspects Pratiques, Rhumato Reeducation, Synoviale, novembre s:19-26, 2000
  • Fisher, L.R., Cawley, M.I.D., Holgate, S.T., Relation Between Chest Expansion, Pulmonary Function and Exercise Tolerance in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis, Ann Rheum Dis. 49:921-925, 1990
  • Cherniack, N.S., Altose, M.D., Homma, I., Rehabilitation of the patient with Respiratory Disease, McGraw Hill Companies, USA, 138, 1999
  • Sharma, S., Arneja, A., Editor: Massagli T L, Talavera F, Salcido R, Allen K L, Cailliet R. Pulmonary Rehabilitation http://www.emedicine.com/pmr/topic181.htm, September, 11,2002, erişim tarihi: 31.10.2002.
  • Ankylosing Spondylitis, http://www.aboutarthritis.com, MedicineNet.com, Erişim tarihi: 02.03.2001.
  • İnce, G., Farklı Aktivite Düzeylerine Sahip Olan Allerjik Astımlı Çocukların Solunum ve Egzersiz Kapasitelerinin Değerlendirilmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana, 1995
There are 52 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA57RK85YS
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Gonca İnce This is me

Tunay Sarpel This is me

Publication Date October 1, 2006
Published in Issue Year 2006 Volume: 4 Issue: 4

Cite

APA İnce, G., & Sarpel, T. (2006). ANKİLOZAN SPONDİLİT TEDAVİSİNDE EGZERSİZİN ÖNEMİ. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(4), 155-161. https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000068

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