15 YAŞ ALTI FUTBOLCULARIN YETENEK VE FİZİKSEL PERFORMANS SEVİYELERİNE BAĞIL YAŞ ETKİSİ

Year 2020, Volume: 18 Issue: 4, 203 - 212, 30.12.2020

Orkun Akkoç , Ömer Can Göksu

https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.595075

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı; futbola yeni başlamış erkek çocuklarda yılın ilk aylarında doğan çocuklar ile son aylarda doğan çocukların bazı atletik özelliklerini karşılaştırmaktır. Çalışmaya 2004-2012 doğumlu 10 farklı futbol okulundan toplam 620 (12,35± 4,51 minimum: 7,1- maksimum: 15,5) erkek çocuk katılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında çocuklardan yaş, boy vücut ağırlığı gibi tanımlayıcı özelliklere ek olarak esneklik, el kavrama ve sırt kuvveti, sürat, çabukluk, reaksiyon, top sürme ve pas atma becerileri test edilmiştir. Diğer yandan, yıl ocak ayından itibaren 3’er ay ara ile 4 çeyrek döneme bölünmüştür. Çocukların doğum aylarına göre gruplama yapılmıştır. Sporcuların doğdukları aylara göre dağılımları ve atletik özellikleri karşılaştırılmıştır. İstatistik SPSS programında değerlendirilmiştir. Doğum tarihlerine göre frekans dağılımları ki kare test, gruplar arası farkı bulmak için ANOVA tek yönlü varyans analizi ve ilk 6 ay doğanlar ile son 6 ay doğanlar atletik farklılıkları bağımsız örneklem t test ile değerlendirilmiştir. Anlamlılık p<0,05 kabul edilmiştir. İlk 6 ay doğanlar ile son 6 ay doğanların frekans dağılımları incelendiğinde anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır. Gene çeyrek dilimlerde ki doğum frekansları arasında da fark bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). İlk 6 ay doğanlar doğanların el kavrama kuvveti, sırt bacak kuvveti, 20 m sürat, çabukluk, dikey sıçrama, pas ve top sürme testleri son 6 ayda doğanlardan daha iyi bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Diğer yandan esneklik ve reaksiyon testlerinde ilk 6 ay doğanlar ile son 6 ay doğanlar arasında anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). Sonuç olarak futbola yeni başlamış çocuklarda müsabakalar ve yetenek seçimleri yıllık olarak değil 6 aylık sürelerde kategorize etmenin daha etkili olabileceği ortaya çıkmıştır.utbola yeni başlamış çocuklarda müsabakalar ve yetenek seçimleri yıllık olarak değil 6 aylık sürelerde kategorize etmenin daha etkili olabileceği ortaya çıkmıştır.

Keywords

Bağıl yaş etkisi, atletik özellikler, amatör futbolcu çocuklar

THE EFFECT OF RELATIVE AGE ON THE ABILITES AND ATHLETİC PERFORMANCE OF SOCCER PLAYERS UNDER THE AGE OF 15

Abstract

The aim of our study is to compare certain athletic features of the boys at the incipient stage of their soccer careers who are born in the first months of the year and the in the last months of the year. A total number of 620 boys born in 2004-2012 and attending to 10 different soccer schools (12.35± 4.51 min: 7.1- max: 15.5) participated the study. As part of the study, hand, foot and back strength, speed, promptness, reaction, dribbling and pass abilities were tested. Additionally, to discriptive features such as age, height, weight, flexibility were determined. On the other hand, one year was divided into four quarter periods starting from January and grouping 3 months together. The boys were grouped in one of these quarters according to their birth months. The distribution of the players in terms of their birth months and their athletic characteristics were compared. The statistics were evaluated on SPSS software. The frequency distribution according to their dates of birth was evaluated by chi-square test, one-way variance analysis ANOVA was used in order to find the difference between the groups and the athletic performance differences between the boys born within the first 6 months of the year and the last 6 months were evaluated by unpaired t-test. Significance was accepted as p<0.05. No significant difference was observed when the frequency distributions of the boys born within the first 6 months of the year and the last 6 months were examined. Also, no differences were found between the birth frequencies between the quarterly periods (p>0.05). The hand and foot strength, back and leg strength, 20 m speed, promptness, reaction, vertical jump, pass and dribbling tests of the boys born within the first 6 months were found to be better than the ones born in the last six months (p<0.05). On the other hand, no significant difference was found between the boys who were born within the first 6 months and the ones born within the last 6 months (p>0.05). As a result, competitions or aptitude tests for children who just started playing soccer can be organized in 6-month periods rather than annually.

Keywords

Relative age effect, athletic traits, amateur soccer kids

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