SERBEST ZAMANIN ANLAMI: YETİŞKİN BİREYLER ÖRNEĞİ

Feyza Meryem Kara; Esra Emir; Bülent Gürbüz; Erman Öncü

Research Article

SERBEST ZAMANIN ANLAMI: YETİŞKİN BİREYLER ÖRNEĞİ

Year 2018, Volume: 16 Issue: 3, 187 - 195, 30.09.2018

Feyza Meryem Kara , Esra Emir Bülent Gürbüz Erman Öncü

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı; yetişkin bireylerin serbest zaman algılarını belirlemek ve bazı bağımsız değişkenlere (cinsiyet, medeni durum, aktivitelere katılım şekli) göre serbest zaman aktivitelerine yüklenen anlamın farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen rekreasyonel aktivitelere katılan 336 kadın ve 227 erkek yetişkin birey oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak, Türkçe adaptasyonu Gürbüz, Özdemir ve Karaküçük (2007) tarafından yapılan “Boş Zamanın Anlamı Ölçeği-BZAÖ” kullanılmıştır. Veriler, betimsel istatistik yöntemler, tek faktörlü MANOVA, ANOVA ve Pearson Korelasyon testleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, katılımcılar için en yüksek puan ortalamasının “İş İlişkisi” boyutunda, en düşük puan ortalamasının ise “Hedef Yönelimi” alt boyutunda olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca araştırma sonucunda, katılımcıların “Boş Zamanın Anlamı Ölçeği”nden aldıkları puanların cinsiyet, medeni durum ve aktivitenin programlı olup olmama durumu değişkenlerine göre anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaştığı; eğitim ve gelir durumu değişkenleri ile de arasında anlamlı ilişkilerin olduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

Serbest zamanın anlamı, rekreasyon, yetişkin bireyler

References

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2. Ardahan, F., Lapa, T. Y. (2011). Açık alan rekreasyonu: bisiklet kullanıcıları ve yürüyüşçülerin doğa sporu yapma nedenleri ve elde ettikleri faydalar. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(1), 1327-1341.
3. Auger D. (2016): The diverse meanings of leisure. Society and Leisure, 39(2): 173-176.
4. Burton T. (1996): Safetynets and security blankets: False dichotomies in leisure studies. Leisure Studies, 15, 17-30.
5. Büyüköztürk Ş, Çakmak Kılıç, E, Akgün, ÖE, Karadeniz Ş, Demire, F. (2012): Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Pegem Akademi, Ankara.
6. Chick G, Hsu YC, Yeh CK, Hsieh CM. (2015):Informant-provided leisure constraints in six Taiwanese cities. Journal of Leisure Research, 47(4), 501-512.
7. Chick G. (1998): Leisure and culture: Issues for an anthropology of leisure. Leisure Sciences, 20, 111–133.
8. Chick G. (2009): Culture as a variable in the study of leisure. Leisure Sciences, 31(3), 305-310.
9. Erkip F. (2009): Leisure in the Turkish context: A preliminary account. World Leisure Journal, 51(4): 275-281.
10. Floyd MF, Bocarro JN, Thompson T. (2008): Trends in leisure research on racial and ethnic minorities. Journal of Leisure Research, 40(1), 1-23.
11. Gadamer HG. (1990). Tarih Bilinci Sorunu, Toplum Bilimlerinde Yorumcu Yaklaşım. (çev. Taha Parla). İstanbul.
12. Güngörmüş HA, Tolukan E, Sarol H, Yaşar B. (2015): Identification of constraints of adults who receive sports services from fitness centers on the participation to recreational activities. International Congress on Education, 4-7 June, Athens, Greece.
13. Gürbüz B, Henderson K. (2011): An examination of meaning of leisure: A Turkish perspective. 1st International Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health Congress. Antalya, Turkey.
14. Gürbüz B, Henderson K. (2013): Exploring the meanings of leisure among Turkish university students. Croatian Journal of Education, 15(4), 927-957.
15. Gürbüz B, Özdemir AS, Karaküçük S. (2007): Meaning of leisure time scale: Evaluation of psycho-metric characteristics on Turkish university students. 4th International Mediterranean Sport Science Congress. Antalya, Turkey.
16. Gürbüz B, Özdemir S, Sarol H, Karaküçük S. (2010): Comparison of recreational behaviors of individuals with regard to demographic variables. Series Physical and Sport/ Science, Movement and Health, 10(2), Supplement, 876-880.
17. Güvenç B. (2003): İnsan ve Kültür, İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
18. Harmandar-Demirel D, Demirel M, Serdar E. (2017): University students’ opinions of the meaning of leisure and their perceived freedom in leisure. Journal of Human Sciences, 14(1), 796-802.
19. Henderson KA, Bialeschki, MD. (2005): Leisure and active lifestyles: Research reflections, Leisure Sciences, 27:5, 355-365
20. Henderson KA. (1996): One size doesn‟t fit all: The meanings of wome’s leisure. Journal of Leisure Research, 28(3), 139-154.
21. Henderson, KA, Gibson H. (2013): An integrative review of women, gender, and leisure: Increasing complexities. Journal of Leisure Research, 45(2), 115-135.
22. Ho CH, Sasidharan V, Elmendorf W, Willits, FK, Graefe A, Godbey G. (2005): Gender and ethnic variations in urban park preferences, visitation, and perceived benefits. Journal of Leisure Research, 37(3), 281-306.
23. Hudson S. (2000): The segmentation of potential tourists: Constraint differences between men and women. Journal of Travel Research, 38(4): 363-368
24. Hultsman J, Harper W. (1993): The Problem of leisure reconsidered. The Journal of American Culture. 16(1); 47-54.
25. Iwasaki Y. (2017): Leisure and meaning-making: Implications for rehabilitation to engage persons with disabilities. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 46(2); 225-232.
26. Juniu S, Henderson, KA. (2001): Problems in researching leisure and women: Global considerations. World Leisure Journal, 43(4), 3-10.
27. Kara FM. (2013): Kadınların serbest zaman davranışları etnik grup perspektifi. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences, 4(4):48-58.
28. Karaca, A, Çağlar E, Cinemre ŞA. (2009): Physical activity levels of the young adults in an economically developing country: The Turkish Sample. Journal of Human Kinetics, 22, 91-98.
29. Kleibe, D. (2001): Developmental intervention and leisure education: A lifespan perspective. World Leisure Journal, 43(1), 4-10.
30. Koçak F. (2017): The relationship between leisure constraints, constraint negotiation strategies and facilitators with recreational sport activity participation of colleges tudents. College Student Journal, 51(4), 491-497.
31. Lakot Atasoy K, Öncü E, Kılıç, KS. (2015): Beden eğitimi öğretmeni adaylarında serbest zaman algısı ve engelleri. 3. Rekreasyon Araştırmaları Kongresi, Eskişehir Anadolu Üniversitesi.
32. Lee B, Zhang A. (2010): Women’s leisure and leisures atisfaction in contemporary urban China. World Leisure Journal, 52(3), 211–221.
33. Lee Y, Dattilo J, Howard D. (1994): The complex and dynamic natüre of leisure experience. Journal of Leisure Research, 26 (3), 195-211.
34. Livengood JS, Stodolska M. (2004):The effects of discrimination and constraints negotiation on leisure behavior of American Muslims in the post-September 11, America. Journal of Leisure Research, 36(2), 183-208.
35. Orçan M. (2004): Osmanlı’dan Günümüze Modern Türk Tüketim Kültürü. Kadim Yayınları, Ankara.
36. Parr M, Lashua, BD. (2004): What is leisure? The perceptions of recreation practitioners and others. Leisure Sciences, 26, 1-17.
37. Roberts K. (2010): Is leisure studies “ethnocentric”? If so, does this matter? World Leisure Journal, 52(3), 164-176.
38. Sarol H, Çimen Z. (2017): Why people participate leisure time physical activity: a Turkish perspective. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences, 8(1), 63-72.
39. Sivan A. (2011): Is leisure studies “ethnocentric”? Integrating leisure studies worldwide: A view from Hong Kong. World Leisure Journal, 52(3), 177-184.
40. Skinner Q. (1997): Çağdaş Temel Kuramlar, (çev. Ahmet Demirhan), Ankara. s. 40.
41. Strauss CL. (2012): Yapısal Antropoloji, çev.: Adnan Kahiloğulları, İmge Kitabevi, Ankara.
42. Temel-Eğinli A, Nazlı AK. (2018): Kültürün koruyucu gücü: kültürel semboller. Ege Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Medya ve İletişim Araştırmaları Hakemli E-Dergisi, (2), 56-74.
43. Walker GJ, Wang X. (2009): The meaning of leisure for Chinese/Canadians. Leisure Sciences, 31, 1-18.
44. Watkins M, Bond C. (2007): Ways of experiencing leisure. Leisure Sciences, 29, 287-307.
45. Watkins M. (2000): Ways of learning about leisure meanings. Leisure Sciences, 22, 93-107.
46. Watkins M. (2010): A longitudinal study of change ability in leisure meanings. Leisure Studies, 29, 361–376.
47. Watkins M. (2013): Using intentional attributions to explain change in leisure meanings. Leisure Sciences: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 35 (2), 89-106.
48. Zhang S, Shi R, Liu, X, Miao D. (2014). Passion for a Leisure Activity, Presence of Meaning, and Search for Meaning: The mediating role of emotion. Social Indicators Research., 115: 1123.

Year 2018, Volume: 16 Issue: 3, 187 - 195, 30.09.2018

Feyza Meryem Kara , Esra Emir Bülent Gürbüz Erman Öncü

Abstract

References

1. Arab-Moghaddam N, Henderson KA, Shiekholeslami R. (2007):Women’s leisure and constraints to participation: Iranian perspectives. Journal of Leisure Research, 39(1), 109-126.
2. Ardahan, F., Lapa, T. Y. (2011). Açık alan rekreasyonu: bisiklet kullanıcıları ve yürüyüşçülerin doğa sporu yapma nedenleri ve elde ettikleri faydalar. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(1), 1327-1341.
3. Auger D. (2016): The diverse meanings of leisure. Society and Leisure, 39(2): 173-176.
4. Burton T. (1996): Safetynets and security blankets: False dichotomies in leisure studies. Leisure Studies, 15, 17-30.
5. Büyüköztürk Ş, Çakmak Kılıç, E, Akgün, ÖE, Karadeniz Ş, Demire, F. (2012): Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Pegem Akademi, Ankara.
6. Chick G, Hsu YC, Yeh CK, Hsieh CM. (2015):Informant-provided leisure constraints in six Taiwanese cities. Journal of Leisure Research, 47(4), 501-512.
7. Chick G. (1998): Leisure and culture: Issues for an anthropology of leisure. Leisure Sciences, 20, 111–133.
8. Chick G. (2009): Culture as a variable in the study of leisure. Leisure Sciences, 31(3), 305-310.
9. Erkip F. (2009): Leisure in the Turkish context: A preliminary account. World Leisure Journal, 51(4): 275-281.
10. Floyd MF, Bocarro JN, Thompson T. (2008): Trends in leisure research on racial and ethnic minorities. Journal of Leisure Research, 40(1), 1-23.
11. Gadamer HG. (1990). Tarih Bilinci Sorunu, Toplum Bilimlerinde Yorumcu Yaklaşım. (çev. Taha Parla). İstanbul.
12. Güngörmüş HA, Tolukan E, Sarol H, Yaşar B. (2015): Identification of constraints of adults who receive sports services from fitness centers on the participation to recreational activities. International Congress on Education, 4-7 June, Athens, Greece.
13. Gürbüz B, Henderson K. (2011): An examination of meaning of leisure: A Turkish perspective. 1st International Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health Congress. Antalya, Turkey.
14. Gürbüz B, Henderson K. (2013): Exploring the meanings of leisure among Turkish university students. Croatian Journal of Education, 15(4), 927-957.
15. Gürbüz B, Özdemir AS, Karaküçük S. (2007): Meaning of leisure time scale: Evaluation of psycho-metric characteristics on Turkish university students. 4th International Mediterranean Sport Science Congress. Antalya, Turkey.
16. Gürbüz B, Özdemir S, Sarol H, Karaküçük S. (2010): Comparison of recreational behaviors of individuals with regard to demographic variables. Series Physical and Sport/ Science, Movement and Health, 10(2), Supplement, 876-880.
17. Güvenç B. (2003): İnsan ve Kültür, İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
18. Harmandar-Demirel D, Demirel M, Serdar E. (2017): University students’ opinions of the meaning of leisure and their perceived freedom in leisure. Journal of Human Sciences, 14(1), 796-802.
19. Henderson KA, Bialeschki, MD. (2005): Leisure and active lifestyles: Research reflections, Leisure Sciences, 27:5, 355-365
20. Henderson KA. (1996): One size doesn‟t fit all: The meanings of wome’s leisure. Journal of Leisure Research, 28(3), 139-154.
21. Henderson, KA, Gibson H. (2013): An integrative review of women, gender, and leisure: Increasing complexities. Journal of Leisure Research, 45(2), 115-135.
22. Ho CH, Sasidharan V, Elmendorf W, Willits, FK, Graefe A, Godbey G. (2005): Gender and ethnic variations in urban park preferences, visitation, and perceived benefits. Journal of Leisure Research, 37(3), 281-306.
23. Hudson S. (2000): The segmentation of potential tourists: Constraint differences between men and women. Journal of Travel Research, 38(4): 363-368
24. Hultsman J, Harper W. (1993): The Problem of leisure reconsidered. The Journal of American Culture. 16(1); 47-54.
25. Iwasaki Y. (2017): Leisure and meaning-making: Implications for rehabilitation to engage persons with disabilities. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 46(2); 225-232.
26. Juniu S, Henderson, KA. (2001): Problems in researching leisure and women: Global considerations. World Leisure Journal, 43(4), 3-10.
27. Kara FM. (2013): Kadınların serbest zaman davranışları etnik grup perspektifi. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences, 4(4):48-58.
28. Karaca, A, Çağlar E, Cinemre ŞA. (2009): Physical activity levels of the young adults in an economically developing country: The Turkish Sample. Journal of Human Kinetics, 22, 91-98.
29. Kleibe, D. (2001): Developmental intervention and leisure education: A lifespan perspective. World Leisure Journal, 43(1), 4-10.
30. Koçak F. (2017): The relationship between leisure constraints, constraint negotiation strategies and facilitators with recreational sport activity participation of colleges tudents. College Student Journal, 51(4), 491-497.
31. Lakot Atasoy K, Öncü E, Kılıç, KS. (2015): Beden eğitimi öğretmeni adaylarında serbest zaman algısı ve engelleri. 3. Rekreasyon Araştırmaları Kongresi, Eskişehir Anadolu Üniversitesi.
32. Lee B, Zhang A. (2010): Women’s leisure and leisures atisfaction in contemporary urban China. World Leisure Journal, 52(3), 211–221.
33. Lee Y, Dattilo J, Howard D. (1994): The complex and dynamic natüre of leisure experience. Journal of Leisure Research, 26 (3), 195-211.
34. Livengood JS, Stodolska M. (2004):The effects of discrimination and constraints negotiation on leisure behavior of American Muslims in the post-September 11, America. Journal of Leisure Research, 36(2), 183-208.
35. Orçan M. (2004): Osmanlı’dan Günümüze Modern Türk Tüketim Kültürü. Kadim Yayınları, Ankara.
36. Parr M, Lashua, BD. (2004): What is leisure? The perceptions of recreation practitioners and others. Leisure Sciences, 26, 1-17.
37. Roberts K. (2010): Is leisure studies “ethnocentric”? If so, does this matter? World Leisure Journal, 52(3), 164-176.
38. Sarol H, Çimen Z. (2017): Why people participate leisure time physical activity: a Turkish perspective. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences, 8(1), 63-72.
39. Sivan A. (2011): Is leisure studies “ethnocentric”? Integrating leisure studies worldwide: A view from Hong Kong. World Leisure Journal, 52(3), 177-184.
40. Skinner Q. (1997): Çağdaş Temel Kuramlar, (çev. Ahmet Demirhan), Ankara. s. 40.
41. Strauss CL. (2012): Yapısal Antropoloji, çev.: Adnan Kahiloğulları, İmge Kitabevi, Ankara.
42. Temel-Eğinli A, Nazlı AK. (2018): Kültürün koruyucu gücü: kültürel semboller. Ege Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Medya ve İletişim Araştırmaları Hakemli E-Dergisi, (2), 56-74.
43. Walker GJ, Wang X. (2009): The meaning of leisure for Chinese/Canadians. Leisure Sciences, 31, 1-18.
44. Watkins M, Bond C. (2007): Ways of experiencing leisure. Leisure Sciences, 29, 287-307.
45. Watkins M. (2000): Ways of learning about leisure meanings. Leisure Sciences, 22, 93-107.
46. Watkins M. (2010): A longitudinal study of change ability in leisure meanings. Leisure Studies, 29, 361–376.
47. Watkins M. (2013): Using intentional attributions to explain change in leisure meanings. Leisure Sciences: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 35 (2), 89-106.
48. Zhang S, Shi R, Liu, X, Miao D. (2014). Passion for a Leisure Activity, Presence of Meaning, and Search for Meaning: The mediating role of emotion. Social Indicators Research., 115: 1123.

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Details

Primary Language	Turkish
Subjects	Sports Medicine
Journal Section	Research Article
Authors	Feyza Meryem Kara Esra Emir This is me Bülent Gürbüz This is me Erman Öncü This is me
Publication Date	September 30, 2018
Published in Issue	Year 2018 Volume: 16 Issue: 3

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APA	Kara, F. M., Emir, E., Gürbüz, B., Öncü, E. (2018). SERBEST ZAMANIN ANLAMI: YETİŞKİN BİREYLER ÖRNEĞİ. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 16(3), 187-195.

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