Research Article
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Perceptuality of Color in Architecture: De Stijl and Brutalism Examples

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 6, 1 - 9, 22.06.2023

Abstract

Color, which is a function of light, is one of the architectural design components and features that make up the physical environment, and it affects the perception of space through the sense of sight. The use of color in spaces creates different experiences and meanings by affecting the atmosphere of the space. In this context, in this study, the perceptual reflections of the concept of color in space were examined and exemplified through De Stijl and Brutalism movements. This study was designed in a qualitative research design. De Stijl and Brutalism are handled as cases, in this respect the research is a holistic multiple case study. The data collection technique applied to the cases is document review. Hermeneutic phenomenology was chosen as the analysis method. According to the analysis made, as a result of the De Stijl movement focusing on three basic colors, it can be concluded that the color acts as a landmark for other installations in this movement. On the other hand, in the Brutalism movement, it can be concluded that while the color takes its existence from the selection of the material, it can provide an appearance of integrity embedded in its background in an unnatural physicality.

Thanks

The authors thank for the permissions: To Filipe Santos for Schröder House photo. To Fernando Schapochnik for La Tourette Monastery photo.

References

  • Adamska D., Nocuń, P., Ratajczak, T. & Záruba F. (2022). Color in medieval castle architecture in present-day Poland and Czech Republic. Arts, 11(1), 28.
  • Altan, İ. (2015). Mimarlıkta mekan kavramı. İstanbul: Ofis 2005 Publishing.
  • Altun, D. A. (2016). Brutalism now: rethinking Brutalism in contemporary world architecture. Arts, (5)3, 1.
  • Birren, F. (1969). Psychological implications of color and illumination, Color Consultant, Newyork.
  • Caivano, J. (2006). The research on color in architecture: brief history, current developments, and possible future. Color Research & Application, 31, 350-363.
  • Convertino, F., Di Turi, S. & Stefanizzi, P. (2017). The color in the vernacular bioclimatic architecture in Mediterranean region. Energy Procedia, 126, 211-218.
  • Gibson, J. (1954). The visual perception of objective motion and subjective movement. Psychological Review, 61(5), 304-314.
  • Hidayetoğlu, M. L., Yıldırım, K. & Akalın, A. (2012). The effects of color and light on indoor wayfinding and the evaluation of the perceived environment. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 32, 50-58.
  • Kalaycıoğlu, H. & Aras, U. (2015). İç mekan mobilyalarında renk faktörünün etkisi. Selçuk University Selçuk-Technical Journal, Special Issue-1, 92-973.
  • Karabaş, P. A. & Güdür, A. (2016). Neo-plastisizm akımı kapsamında De Stijl hareketi ve Piet Mondrian. International Journal of Cultural and Social Studies (IntJCSS), (2)2, 330-339.
  • Klinkhammer, B. (1999). The spatial use of color in early modernism. Paper presented at the 87th ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings, Washington, USA. Retrieved from https://www.acsa-arch.org/proceedings/Annual%20Meeting%20Proceedings/ACSA.AM.87/ACSA.AM.87.49.pdf
  • Köseoğlu, E. & Çelikkayalar, E . (2016). Yapılı çevrede renk tercihleri. The Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications (JASA), (1)2, 57-65.
  • Krispyn, E. (1976). Literature and De Stijl. In: Bulhof, F. (eds) Nijhoff, Van Ostaijen, “De Stijl” modernism in the Netherlands and Belgium in the first quarter of the 20th century. Dordrecht: Springer.
  • Manav, B. (2015). Renk-anlam-mekan ilişkisi. The Turkish Online Journal of Design, Art and Communication, (5)3, 22-27.
  • Norberg-Schulz, C. (1965). Intensions in architecture, Cambridge: The MIT Press. Özdemir, T. (2005). Tasarımda renk seçimini etkileyen kriterler. Ç.Ü. Social Sciences Institute Journal, (14)2, 391-402.
  • Rahimi, N. & Dabagh, A. (2018). Study the mental effect of color in the interior architecture of the hospital spaces and effect on the patient tranquility. Amazonia Investiga, 7(13), 5-16.
  • Seamon, D. (1982). The phenomenological contribution to environmental psychology. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2(2), 119-140.
  • Seamon, D. (2016). A phenomenological and hermeneutic reading of Rem Koolhaas’s Seattle Central Library: buildings as lifeworlds and architectural texts. R. Conroy Dalton & C. Hölscher (Ed.), Take one building: interdisciplinary research perspectives of the Seattle Central Library, in (pp.67-94). London: Routledge.
  • Wilber, D. N. (1942). The role of color in architecture. Journal of the American Society of Architectural Historians, 2(1), 17–22.
  • Wolfe, T. (1981). From Bauhaus to our house. New York: Picador.
  • Yıldırım, K., Hidayetoğlu, M. L., Gökbulut, N. & Müezzinoğlu, M. K. (2019). Effects on students’ perceptual evaluations of the wall colors used in design studios by the virtual reality method. ICONARP International Journal of Architecture and Planning, 7(1), 99–120.
  • Zimnicka, A., Balanicka, E. & Kroll, A. (2022). Evolution in approach to colour in tall buildings’ architecture on the Isle of Dogs, London, UK. Arts, 11(1), 9. Zybaczynski, V. M. (2014). Colour - important factor in preserving the local identity. Urbanism Arhitectură Construcţii, (5)4, 87-92.

Mimarlıkta Rengin Algısallığı: De Stijl ve Brütalizm Örnekleri

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 6, 1 - 9, 22.06.2023

Abstract

Işığın bir fonksiyonu olan renk, fiziksel çevreyi oluşturan mimari tasarım bileşenlerinden ve özelliklerinden biri olmakla birlikte, görme duyusu yoluyla mekân algısını etkiler. Mekanlarda renk kullanımı, mekân atmosferini etkileyerek farklı deneyimler ve anlamlar oluşturur. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışmada, mekânda renk kavramının algısal yansımaları irdelenmiş ve De Stijl ve Brütalizm akımları üzerinden örneklenmiştir. Çalışmada, nitel araştırma deseninde kurgulanmıştır. De Stijl ve Brütalizm birer durum olarak ele alınmıştır, bu yönüyle araştırma bütüncül çoklu durum çalışmasıdır. Durumlara uygulanan veri toplama tekniği doküman incelemesidir. Analiz yöntemi olarak hermenötik fenomenoloji seçilmiştir. Yapılan analize göre De Stijl akımının üç temel renge odaklanması sonucu, bu akımda rengin diğer kurulumlar için bir işaret öğesi gibi davrandığı, genel sonucuna ulaşılabilir. Öte yandan, Brütalizm akımında, renk varlık sebebini malzemenin seçiliminden alırken, doğaya aykırı bir fiziksellik içinde arka planına gömülü bir görünüm bütünlüğü sağlayabildiği izlenimine varılabilir.

References

  • Adamska D., Nocuń, P., Ratajczak, T. & Záruba F. (2022). Color in medieval castle architecture in present-day Poland and Czech Republic. Arts, 11(1), 28.
  • Altan, İ. (2015). Mimarlıkta mekan kavramı. İstanbul: Ofis 2005 Publishing.
  • Altun, D. A. (2016). Brutalism now: rethinking Brutalism in contemporary world architecture. Arts, (5)3, 1.
  • Birren, F. (1969). Psychological implications of color and illumination, Color Consultant, Newyork.
  • Caivano, J. (2006). The research on color in architecture: brief history, current developments, and possible future. Color Research & Application, 31, 350-363.
  • Convertino, F., Di Turi, S. & Stefanizzi, P. (2017). The color in the vernacular bioclimatic architecture in Mediterranean region. Energy Procedia, 126, 211-218.
  • Gibson, J. (1954). The visual perception of objective motion and subjective movement. Psychological Review, 61(5), 304-314.
  • Hidayetoğlu, M. L., Yıldırım, K. & Akalın, A. (2012). The effects of color and light on indoor wayfinding and the evaluation of the perceived environment. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 32, 50-58.
  • Kalaycıoğlu, H. & Aras, U. (2015). İç mekan mobilyalarında renk faktörünün etkisi. Selçuk University Selçuk-Technical Journal, Special Issue-1, 92-973.
  • Karabaş, P. A. & Güdür, A. (2016). Neo-plastisizm akımı kapsamında De Stijl hareketi ve Piet Mondrian. International Journal of Cultural and Social Studies (IntJCSS), (2)2, 330-339.
  • Klinkhammer, B. (1999). The spatial use of color in early modernism. Paper presented at the 87th ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings, Washington, USA. Retrieved from https://www.acsa-arch.org/proceedings/Annual%20Meeting%20Proceedings/ACSA.AM.87/ACSA.AM.87.49.pdf
  • Köseoğlu, E. & Çelikkayalar, E . (2016). Yapılı çevrede renk tercihleri. The Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications (JASA), (1)2, 57-65.
  • Krispyn, E. (1976). Literature and De Stijl. In: Bulhof, F. (eds) Nijhoff, Van Ostaijen, “De Stijl” modernism in the Netherlands and Belgium in the first quarter of the 20th century. Dordrecht: Springer.
  • Manav, B. (2015). Renk-anlam-mekan ilişkisi. The Turkish Online Journal of Design, Art and Communication, (5)3, 22-27.
  • Norberg-Schulz, C. (1965). Intensions in architecture, Cambridge: The MIT Press. Özdemir, T. (2005). Tasarımda renk seçimini etkileyen kriterler. Ç.Ü. Social Sciences Institute Journal, (14)2, 391-402.
  • Rahimi, N. & Dabagh, A. (2018). Study the mental effect of color in the interior architecture of the hospital spaces and effect on the patient tranquility. Amazonia Investiga, 7(13), 5-16.
  • Seamon, D. (1982). The phenomenological contribution to environmental psychology. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2(2), 119-140.
  • Seamon, D. (2016). A phenomenological and hermeneutic reading of Rem Koolhaas’s Seattle Central Library: buildings as lifeworlds and architectural texts. R. Conroy Dalton & C. Hölscher (Ed.), Take one building: interdisciplinary research perspectives of the Seattle Central Library, in (pp.67-94). London: Routledge.
  • Wilber, D. N. (1942). The role of color in architecture. Journal of the American Society of Architectural Historians, 2(1), 17–22.
  • Wolfe, T. (1981). From Bauhaus to our house. New York: Picador.
  • Yıldırım, K., Hidayetoğlu, M. L., Gökbulut, N. & Müezzinoğlu, M. K. (2019). Effects on students’ perceptual evaluations of the wall colors used in design studios by the virtual reality method. ICONARP International Journal of Architecture and Planning, 7(1), 99–120.
  • Zimnicka, A., Balanicka, E. & Kroll, A. (2022). Evolution in approach to colour in tall buildings’ architecture on the Isle of Dogs, London, UK. Arts, 11(1), 9. Zybaczynski, V. M. (2014). Colour - important factor in preserving the local identity. Urbanism Arhitectură Construcţii, (5)4, 87-92.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Architectural Design
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Adil Ömer Çamaş 0000-0003-1268-991X

Emine Köseoğlu 0000-0003-2457-7659

Publication Date June 22, 2023
Submission Date November 3, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 4 Issue: 6

Cite

APA Çamaş, A. Ö., & Köseoğlu, E. (2023). Perceptuality of Color in Architecture: De Stijl and Brutalism Examples. STAR Sanat Ve Tasarım Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(6), 1-9.