Gaz Kromatografisi-Alev İyonizasyon Dedektörü (GC-FID) Kullanılarak Bazı Apiaceae Bitkilerinin Yağ Asidi Kompozisyon Analizi

Year 2024, , 66 - 72, 01.10.2024

Nuraniye Eruygur , Fatma Ayaz , Yavuz Bağcı , Muhammed Raşit Bakır , Hüseyin Kara

https://doi.org/10.35238/sufefd.1490187

Abstract

Giriş/amaç: Genellikle havuç veya maydanoz ailesi olarak bilinen Apiaceae ailesi, önemli ekolojik ve ekonomik öneme sahip çeşitli bir bitki grubunu içerir. Yağ asitleri bitki lipitlerinin temel bileşenleridir ve çeşitli biyolojik süreçlerde önemli roller oynarlar. Gaz kromatografisi- alev iyonizasyon tespiti (GC-FID), bitki örneklerindeki yağ asidi bileşiminin kalitatif ve kantitatif analizi için yaygın olarak kullanılan güçlü bir analitik tekniktir.
Gereçler ve yöntemler: Bu çalışmada, lipid kompozisyonlarını ve potansiyel uygulamalarını aydınlatmak için GC-FID kullanarak çeşitli Apiaceae bitkilerinin yağ asidi profillerini araştırdık.
Sonuçlar: C6:0'dan C22:6'ya kadar değişen geniş bir yağ asidi spektrumu doğrulandı. Astrodaucus orientalis yaprak ve meyvesi palmitik asit (C16:0; sırasıyla %35.96 ve %37.65) bakımından zengin bulunmuştur. Ferulago asparagifolia linoleik asit (C18:2 cis, %25.65), alfa linoleik asit (C18:3n3, %7.42) ve eikosadienoik asit (C20:2, %32.66) gibi çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri açısından en zengin örnek olarak belirlenmiştir. Ferulago syriaca etanol ve hekzan ekstraktları önemli miktarda oleik asit (C 18:1 ω9, sırasıyla %40.37 ve %49.19) içermektedir.
Sonuç: Yaptığımız literatür araştırmasına göre, Astrodaucus orientalis, Ferulago asparagifolia ve Ferulago syriaca'nın yağ asidi bileşimleri daha önce rapor edilmemiştir. Bu nedenle, burada sunulan veriler yağ asidi bileşimlerine ilişkin ilk rapor olarak kabul edilebilir.

Keywords

Apiaceae, GC-FID, Yağ asitleri, Ferulago, Lipit kompozisyonu

Fatty Acid Composition Analysis of Some Apiaceae Plants Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID)

Abstract

Background/aim: The Apiaceae family, also referred to as the parsley or carrot family, comprises a diverse group of plants with significant ecological and economic importance. The fundamental building blocks of plant lipids, fatty acids are involved in a number of critical biological functions. Flame ionization detection in gas chromatography (GC-FID) is a potent analytical method widely used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of fatty acid composition in plant samples.
Materials and methods: In this study, we investigated the fatty acid profiles of several Apiaceae plants using GC-FID to elucidate their lipid composition and potential applications.
Results: A wide spectrum of fatty acids was confirmed, ranging from C6:0 to C22:6. Astrodaucus orientalis leaf and fruit were found rich in palmitic acid (C16:0; 35.96% and 37.65%, respectively). Ferulago asparagifolia was determined as the richest sample in terms of poly-unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid (C18:2 cis, 25.65%), alpha linoleic acid (C18:3n3, 7.42%) and eicosadienoic acid (C20:2, 32.66%). Ferulago syriaca ethanol and hexane extracts contained considerable amount of oleic acid (C 18:1 n9, 40. 37% and 49.19%, respectively).
Conclusion: Our review of the literature revealed that no prior reports have been made about the fatty acid compositions of Astrodaucus orientalis, Ferulago asparagifolia and Ferulago syriaca. As a result, the information provided here may be the first to describe the fatty acid contents of these species. Exploring the lipid profiles of these plants can enhance their potential applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.

Keywords

Apiaceae, GC-FID, lipid composition, Fatty acids, Ferulago

References

• Agostoni, C., Moreno, L. and Shamir, R., (2016), Palmitic acid and health: Introduction, Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 56 (12), 1941-1942.
• Alkhatib, R., Hennebelle, T., Roumy, V., Sahpaz, S., Süzgeç, S., Akalın, E., Meriçli, A. and Bailleul, F., (2009), Coumarins, caffeoyl derivatives and a monoterpenoid glycoside from Ferulago asparagifolia, Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 37 (3), 230-233.
• Bulut, G., Tuzlacı, E., Doğan, A., Şenkardeş, İ., Doğan, A. and Şenkardeş, İ., (2014), An ethnopharmacological review on the Turkish Apiaceae species, Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Istanbul University, 44 (2), 163-179.
• Burdge, G. C. and Calder, P. C., (2015), Introduction to fatty acids and lipids, Intravenous Lipid Emulsions, 112, 1-16.
• Czumaj, A. and Śledziński, T., (2020), Biological role of unsaturated fatty acid desaturases in health and disease, Nutrients, 12 (2), 356.
• Damude, H. G. and Kinney, A. J., (2008), Enhancing plant seed oils for human nutrition, Plant physiology, 147 (3), 962-968.
• Demirci, S., Özkan, E. E. and Demirci, S., (2014), Ethnobotanical studies of some Apiaceae plants in Kahramanmaras and a review of their phytochemical studies, Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Istanbul University, 44 (2), 241-250.
• Erdurak, C. S., (2003), Ferulago isaurica Peşmen ve F. syriaca Boiss. (Umbelliferae) Türleri Üzerinde Araştırmalar, Ankara University, Ankara, 269.
• Hajib, A., El Harkaoui, S., Choukri, H., Khouchlaa, A., Aourabi, S., El Menyiy, N., Bouyahya, A. and Matthaeus, B., (2023), Apiaceae Family an Important Source of Petroselinic Fatty Acid: Abundance, Biosynthesis, Chemistry, and Biological Proprieties, Biomolecules, 13 (11), 1675.
• Kapoor, B., Kapoor, D., Gautam, S., Singh, R. and Bhardwaj, S., (2021), Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs): Uses and potential health benefits, Current nutrition reports, 10, 232-242.
• Karakaya, S., Koca, M., Kılıc, C. S. and Coskun, M., (2018), Antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities of Ferulago syriaca Boiss. and F. isaurica Peșmen growing in Turkey, Medicinal Chemistry Research, 27, 1843-1850.
• Mancini, A., Imperlini, E., Nigro, E., Montagnese, C., Daniele, A., Orrù, S. and Buono, P., (2015), Biological and nutritional properties of palm oil and palmitic acid: effects on health, Molecules, 20 (9), 17339-17361.
• Nazemiyeh, H., Razavi, S. M., Delazar, A., Asnaashari, S., Khoi, N. S., Daniali, S., Nahar, L. and Sarker, S. D., (2009), Distribution profile of volatile constituents in different parts of Astrodaucus orientalis (L.) Drude, Records of Natural Products, 3 (3).
• Peşmen, H., (1972), Ferulago W.Koch. , Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press, p.
• Ruiz-Rodriguez, A., Reglero, G. and Ibañez, E., (2010), Recent trends in the advanced analysis of bioactive fatty acids, Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 51 (2), 305-326.
• Saya, O., (2012), Ferulago W. Koch, Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler), Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını,(Eds): Güner, A., S. Aslan, T. Ekim, M. Vural and M. Babaç, Istanbul, 62-64.
• Tvrzicka, E., Kremmyda, L.-S., Stankova, B. and Zak, A., (2011), Fatty acids as biocompounds: their role in human metabolism, health and disease-a review. part 1: classification, dietary sources and biological functions, Biomedical Papers of the Medical Faculty of Palacky University in Olomouc, 155 (2).
• Wang, X.-J., Luo, Q., Li, T., Meng, P.-H., Pu, Y.-T., Liu, J.-X., Zhang, J., Liu, H., Tan, G.-F. and Xiong, A.-S., (2022), Origin, evolution, breeding, and omics of Apiaceae: a family of vegetables and medicinal plants, Horticulture Research, 9, uhac076.