Fatty Acid Composition Analysis of Some Apiaceae Plants Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID)

Abstract

Background/aim: The Apiaceae family, also referred to as the parsley or carrot family, comprises a diverse group of plants with significant ecological and economic importance. The fundamental building blocks of plant lipids, fatty acids are involved in a number of critical biological functions. Flame ionization detection in gas chromatography (GC-FID) is a potent analytical method widely used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of fatty acid composition in plant samples. Materials and methods: In this study, we investigated the fatty acid profiles of several Apiaceae plants using GC-FID to elucidate their lipid composition and potential applications. Results: A wide spectrum of fatty acids was confirmed, ranging from C6:0 to C22:6. Astrodaucus orientalis leaf and fruit were found rich in palmitic acid (C16:0; 35.96% and 37.65%, respectively). Ferulago asparagifolia was determined as the richest sample in terms of poly-unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid (C18:2 cis, 25.65%), alpha linoleic acid (C18:3n3, 7.42%) and eicosadienoic acid (C20:2, 32.66%). Ferulago syriaca ethanol and hexane extracts contained considerable amount of oleic acid (C 18:1 n9, 40. 37% and 49.19%, respectively). Conclusion: Our review of the literature revealed that no prior reports have been made about the fatty acid compositions of Astrodaucus orientalis, Ferulago asparagifolia and Ferulago syriaca. As a result, the information provided here may be the first to describe the fatty acid contents of these species. Exploring the lipid profiles of these plants can enhance their potential applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.

Keywords

• Apiaceae
• GC-FID
• lipid composition
• Fatty acids
• Ferulago

Gaz Kromatografisi-Alev İyonizasyon Dedektörü (GC-FID) Kullanılarak Bazı Apiaceae Bitkilerinin Yağ Asidi Kompozisyon Analizi

Abstract

Giriş/amaç: Genellikle havuç veya maydanoz ailesi olarak bilinen Apiaceae ailesi, önemli ekolojik ve ekonomik öneme sahip çeşitli bir bitki grubunu içerir. Yağ asitleri bitki lipitlerinin temel bileşenleridir ve çeşitli biyolojik süreçlerde önemli roller oynarlar. Gaz kromatografisi- alev iyonizasyon tespiti (GC-FID), bitki örneklerindeki yağ asidi bileşiminin kalitatif ve kantitatif analizi için yaygın olarak kullanılan güçlü bir analitik tekniktir. Gereçler ve yöntemler: Bu çalışmada, lipid kompozisyonlarını ve potansiyel uygulamalarını aydınlatmak için GC-FID kullanarak çeşitli Apiaceae bitkilerinin yağ asidi profillerini araştırdık. Sonuçlar: C6:0'dan C22:6'ya kadar değişen geniş bir yağ asidi spektrumu doğrulandı. Astrodaucus orientalis yaprak ve meyvesi palmitik asit (C16:0; sırasıyla %35.96 ve %37.65) bakımından zengin bulunmuştur. Ferulago asparagifolia linoleik asit (C18:2 cis, %25.65), alfa linoleik asit (C18:3n3, %7.42) ve eikosadienoik asit (C20:2, %32.66) gibi çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri açısından en zengin örnek olarak belirlenmiştir. Ferulago syriaca etanol ve hekzan ekstraktları önemli miktarda oleik asit (C 18:1 ω9, sırasıyla %40.37 ve %49.19) içermektedir. Sonuç: Yaptığımız literatür araştırmasına göre, Astrodaucus orientalis, Ferulago asparagifolia ve Ferulago syriaca'nın yağ asidi bileşimleri daha önce rapor edilmemiştir. Bu nedenle, burada sunulan veriler yağ asidi bileşimlerine ilişkin ilk rapor olarak kabul edilebilir.

Keywords

• Apiaceae
• GC-FID
• Yağ asitleri
• Ferulago
• Lipit kompozisyonu

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