A Review About Cyclomorphosis in Plankton

Abstract

Cyclomorphism or seasonal polymorphism was first described in zooplankton by Lauterborn at 1904. This term is nowadays referred to as the seasonal changes in body structures affected by the abiotic (temperature, turbulence, light) and biotic (nutrient, predator, pressure) circulation in small aquatic organisms. These seasonal changes may cause the season to look like two different forms. Cyclomorphosis more prevalent, especially among planktonic cladocerans, but also among protozoa, dinoflagellates and rotifers. Cyclomorphosis is a consequence of changes in the physical appearance and behavior of organisms. Cyclomorphism is reduce the sinking rate of the organism in aquatic environment and facilitates swimming, at the same time, another advantage is the defense against feeding with planktons predators. Researchers have shown that chemicals released by some hunter species (kairomons) cause body spurs such as caudal spin, hump, and defense against the predator. This review also details cyclomorphosis and changes in the plankton. 

Keywords

• Cyclomorphosis,Plankton,Seasonal,Polymorphism

Planktonlarda Siklomorfozis Üzerine Derleme

Abstract

Siklomorfizm veya mevsimsel polimorfizm zooplanktonlarda ilk olarak Lauterborn tarafından 1904 yılında tanımlanmıştır. Bu terim günümüzde küçük akuatik organizmalarda abiyotik (sıcaklık, türbülans, ışık) ve biyotik (besin, predatör baskısı) çevrenin etkisiyle vücut yapılarında mevsimsel olarak meydana gelen fiziksel değişiklikler olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Bu mevsimsel değişiklikler türün mevsimsel olarak iki farklı form gibi görünmesine neden olabilmektedir. Siklomorfosiz özellikle planktonik kladoseralar arasında daha fazla gözlemlenirken, ayrıca protozoa, dinoflagellat ve rotiferler arasında da yaygın olarak görülmektedir. Siklomorfosiz sonucu canlıların fiziksel görünüşlerinde ve davranışlarında birtakım değişiklikler söz konusudur. Siklomorfosiz akuatik ortamda organizmanın batma oranını azaltıp yüzmede kolaylık sağlarken, aynı zamanda planktonla beslenen predatörlere karşı da bir savunma mekanizması olarak kullanılmaktadır. Araştırmacılar tarafından bazı avcı türlerin salgıladığı kimyasalların (kairomonlar) canlıda kaudal spin, tepelik gibi vücut çıkıntılarına neden olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Bu derleme de planktonlardaki siklomorfosiz olayı ve meydana gelen değişikliklerden detaylı olarak bahsedilmiştir. 

Keywords

• Siklomorfosiz,Plankton,Mevsimsel,Polimorfizm

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