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BOĞAZ KÜLTÜRLERİNDEN İZOLE EDİLEN BETA-HEMOLİTİK STREPTOKOKLARIN İDENTİFİKASYONU, TİPLENDİRİLMESİ VE ANTİBİYOTİK VE ERİTROMİSİN DİRENÇ PROFİLLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ

Year 2014, Issue: 39, 10 - 20, 01.12.2014

Abstract

A grubu beta hemolitik streptokoklar (AGBHS) sıklıkla üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonlarından izole edilen ajanlardan biridir. Streptokok enfeksiyonları dünyada, öncelikle streptokok farenjit olmak üzere, doktor muayenesi, ilaç tedavisi ve iş günü kayıplarını kapsayan çok fazla miktarda maddi kayıplara neden olmaktadır. Çalışmamızda AGBHS'ların API 20 Strep sistemi ile identifikasyonu, patojen türlerin sayı ve oranları ve kullanılan antibiyotiklere dirençlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Konya şehir merkezindeki çeşitli hastanelerde, akut tonsillofarenjit ön tanısı konulan hastalardan boğaz kültürü örnekleri alındı. Örnekler peptonlu suda bir saat ön inkübasyona tabi tutuldu. Ardından % 5 koyun kanlı Mueller-Hinton Agar’a (MHA) ekildi. Suşların grupları lateks aglütinasyon testi (SLIDEX® Strepto Plus, Biomerieux) ile belirlendi. 373 örnek içerisinde Basitrasin’e duyarlı, Trimetoprim-sulfometaksazol'e dirençli, katalaz negatif, gram pozitif toplam 96 suş beta-hemolitik streptokok (AGBHS) olarak tanımlandı. Ayrıca API 20 Strep sistemi ile 96 adet AGBHS suşu tür seviyesinde sınıflandırıldı. CLSI önerileri doğrultusunda disk difüzyon yöntemi ile AGBHS suşlarının kullanılan antibiyotiklere karşı direnç ve duyarlılıkları belirlendi. Suşların antibiyotik direnç profilleri, çoklu antibiyotik direnç indeksleri ve eritromisin direnci tespit edildi.Çalışmadan elde edilen verilere göre, örneklerin % 25.73'ü AGBHS olarak tanımlandı. 96 suşun 13 farklı tür içerisinde dağılım gösterdiği görüldü. En baskın türlerin sırasıyla; Streptococcus acidominimus (34 suş), Streptococcus pyogenes (23 suş), Streptococcus oralis (9 suş), Streptococcus mitis 1 (7 suş) ve Streptococcus agalactiae (7 suş) olduğu belirlendi. Suşlar en fazla direnci tetrasikline (14 suş, 14.5%), takiben ampisilin ve eritromisine (13 suş, % 13.5); klaritromisine (10 suş, % 10.4); klindamisine (4 suş, % 4.1) gösterdi. AGBHS'lar birbirinden farklı 16 direnç profili ortaya koydu. Çoklu antibiyotik direnç indeksine göre 8 suş 0.2 değerinden büyük bir indeks gösterdi. Sonuç olarak, ülkemizde AGBHS suşlarının patojen profilleri belirlendi ve eritromisin direncinin ülkemizde önceden yapılan çalışmaların verileri ile kıyaslandığında yüksek olduğu ortaya kondu. Bu oranın şimdilik sorun olmadığı fakat aralıklı olarak direnç seviyelerinin ülke genelinde izlenmesinin faydalı olacağı kanaatine varıldı.

References

  • Acıkgoz ZC, Gocer S, Tuncer S (2003). Macrolide resistance determinants of group A streptococci in Ankara, Turkey. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotheraphy 52(1): 110-2.
  • Baron EJ, Gates JW (1979). Primary plate identification of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci utilizing a two- disk technique. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 10(1): 80-84.
  • Cavit Ö, Toksoy HB, Bakıcı MZ (1997). Çocukluk çağı farenjitlerinde beta-hemolitik streptokok gruplarının yeri ve streptokok farenjitlerinin tedavisinde penisilin G ile sefuroksim aksetilin karşılaştırılması. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni 31(3): 237-40.
  • Christensen P, Danielsson D, Hovelius B, Kjellander J (1982). Preliminary identification of beta-hemolytic streptococci in throat swab cultures with a commercial blood agar slide (Streptocult). Journal of Clinical Microbiology 15(6): 981-983.
  • Cizman M, Pokorn M, Seme K, Orazem A, Paragi M (2001). The relationship between trends in macrolide use ana resistance to macrolides of common respiratory pathogens. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotheraphy 47(4): 475-477.
  • Clinical and Laboratory Standarts Institute (CLSI) (2008). Performance standarts for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Eighteenth informational supplement. CLSI document M100-S18, Wayne, PA. pp: 34-38.
  • Colakoglu S, Alacam R, Hascelik G (2006). Prevalence ana mechanism of macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes in Ankara, Turkey. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 38(6-7): 456-459.
  • Demirel M, Tosun SY, Gündüz T, Aksu S (2001). Çocuklarda yapılan boğaz kültürlerinde A grubu Beta hemolitik streptokok sıklığı ve antibiyotik duyarlılığı. ANKEM Dergisi 15(4): 744-47.
  • Eryılmaz M, Akın A, Akan ÖA (2006). Boğaz kültürlerinden izole edilen A grubu beta- hemolitik streptokokların antibiyotik duyarlılıkları. ANKEM Dergisi 20(1): 10-12.
  • Gerber MA (2008). Group A Streptococcus. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF(eds). Nelson Textbook Of Pediatrics., 18th ed. Elsevier, Philadelphia: Saunders), pp: 1135-45.
  • Gomes BC, Esteves CT, Palazzo ICV, Darini ALC, Franca BDGM, Martinis ECP (2007). Correlation between API 20 Strep and multiplex PCR for identification of Enterococcus spp. isolated from Brazilian foods. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 38: 617-619.
  • Gracia M, Díaz C, Coronel P, Gimeno M, García-Rodas R, Rodríguez-Cerrato V, del Prado G, Huelves L, Ruiz V, Naves PF, Ponte MC, Granizo JJ, Soriano F. (2009). Antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pyogenes in Central, Eastern, and Baltic European Countries, 2005 to 2006: the cefditoren surveillance program. Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease 64: 52-56
  • Gülhan B, Meşe S, Bilek H, Onur A, Nergis Ş, Gül K (2008). Boğaz kültürlerinden izole edilen A grubu beta - hemolitik streptokokların penisilin ve eritromisin’e karşı duyarlılıkları. Dicle Tıp Dergisi 35(1): 34-37.
  • Hafner RG (1986). Evolution of the API 20 Strep system for species identification of viridans streptococci from blood cultures. Experientia 42(1): 103.
  • Jain A, Shukla VK, Tiwari V, Kumar R (2008). Antibiotic resistance pattern of group-a beta-hemolytic streptococci isolated from north Indian children. Indian Journal of Medical Sciences 62: 392-396.
  • Kim S, Lee NY (2004). Epidemiology and antibiotic resistance of group A streptococci isolated from healthy schoolchildren in Korea. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotheraphy; 54(2): 447-50.
  • Kirby R, Ruoff KL (1995). Cost-effective, clinically relevant method for rapid identification of beta–hemolytic streptococci and enterococci. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 33(5): 1154-1157.
  • Krumperman PH (1983). Multiple antibiotic resistance indexing of Escherichia coli to identify high-risk sources of fecal contamination of foods. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 46: 165–170.
  • Kulwichit W, Nilgate S, Chatsuwan T, Krajiw S., Unhasutri C, Chongthaleong A (2007). Accuracies of leuconostoc phenotypic identification: a comparison of API systems and conventional phenotypic assays. BMC Infectious Disease 7(69): 1-8.
  • Liu X, Shen X, Chang H, Huang G, Fu Z, Zheng Y, Wang L, Li C, Liu L, Shen Y, Yang Y (2009). High macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes strains isolated from children with pharyngitis in China. Pediatric Pulmonology 44(5): 436-441.
  • Lloyd, CA, Jacob SE, Menon T. Antibiotic resistant beta-hemolytic streptococci. Indian Journal of Pediatrics 74(12): 1077-1080.
  • Michos AG, Bakoula CG, Braoudaki M, Koutouzi FI, Roma ES, Pangalis A, Nikolopoulou G, Kirikou E, Syriopoulou VP (2009). Macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes: prevalence, resistance determinants, and emm types. Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease 64(3): 295-299.
  • Odierna L, Calvinho L, Traverssa P, Lassagno M, Bogni C, Reinoso E (2006). Conventional identification of Streptococcus uberis isolated from bovine mastitis in Argentinean diary herds. Journal of Dairy Science 89: 3886-3890.
  • Övet G, Balcı YI, Polat Y, Ersoy E, Çövüt İE (2009). Akut tonsillofaranjit tanısı alarak antibiyotik başlanan hastaların ne kadarında a grubu beta hemolitik streptokok sorumludur? Tıp Araştırmaları Dergisi 7(3): 122-5.
  • Öztop AY, Şanlıdağ T, Erandaç M (2000). Üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonlu çocuklarda izole edilen beta hemolitik streptokokların gruplandırılması ve antibiyotik duyarlılıklarının araştırılması. Türk Mikrobiyoloji Cemiyeti Dergisi 30(2): 73-76.
  • Poutrel B, Ryniewicz HZ (1984). Evoluation of tha API 20 Strep system for species identification of streptococci isolated from bovine mastitis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 19(2): 213-214.
  • Tayman C, Tonbul A, Soylu GG, Akça H, Çatal F (2011). Tonsillofaranjitli çocuklardan izole edilen A grubu beta-hemolitik streptokokların sık kullanılan antibiyotiklere karşı direnci. Dicle Tıp Dergisi 38(3): 305-308.
  • Topkaya AE, Balıkcı A, Aydın F, Hasçelik G, Kayman T, Kesli R, Aydemir Ş, Akyar I, Gökalp A, Dündar G, Gürler N, Perçin D, Fındık D, Avunduk H, Bayraktar B (2014). Türkiye’de invazif streptokok enfeksiyonlarının epidemiyolojisi, klinik ve mikrobiyolojik özellikleri, 2010-2011. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni 48(1): 1-13.
  • Yazgan Z, Aktürk Z, Akın M, Atay E (2001). Asemptomatik çocuklarda boğaz örneklerinden izole edilen hemolitik streptokoklarda antibiyotik direncinin araştırılması. Turk Pediatri Arsivi 36(2): 102-105.
  • Zhou W, Jiang YM, Wang HJ, Kuang LH, Hu ZQ, Shi H, Shu M, Wa CM (2014). Erythromycin-resistant genes in group A β-haemolytic Streptococci in Chengdu, Southwestern China. Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology 32: 290-3.

IDENTIFICATION, TYPING AND DETERMINATION OF ANTIBIOTIC AND ERYTHROMYCIN RESISTANCE PROFILES OF BETA-HEMOLYTIC STREPTOCOCCI ISOLATED FROM THROAT CULTURES

Year 2014, Issue: 39, 10 - 20, 01.12.2014

Abstract

Group A beta-haemolytic streptococci (GABHS) is one of the agents which are frequently isolated from upper respiratory tract infections. Streptococcal infections, primarily including streptococcal pharyngitis, cause too much financial loss every year in the form of doctors’ visits, medication, and lost workdays in the world. In our study, identification of GABHSs by API 20 Strep system and determination of number of pathogenic species and ratios, and resistance to antibiotics used were aimed. Throat culture samples were taken from the patients pre-diagnosed with acute tonsillopharyngitis in various hospitals in the city center of Konya. The samples were kept in the peptone water as one hour as for preincubation. Then they were cultured on 5% sheep blood Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA). Groups of the strains were determined by latex agglutination test (SLIDEX ® Strepto Plus, Biomerieux). Total of 96 strains which were bacitracin sensitive, trimethoprim-sulfomethaxazole resistant, catalase negative, gram positive were identified as beta-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS) in 373 samples. In addition, 96 GABHS strains were classified at the species level by API 20 Strep system. Resistance and susceptibilities of GABHS strains against antibiotics used were determined by disc diffusion method conducted in accordance with CLSI recommendations. The antibiotic resistance profiles, multiple antibiotic resistance indexes and erythromycin resistance of the strains were detected. According to the data obtained from study, 25.73% of the samples were defined as the GABHS. It was seen that 96 strains separated into 13 different species. It was determined that the dominant species were Streptococcus acidominimus (34 strain), Streptococcus pyogenes (23 strain), Streptococcus oralis (9 strain), Streptococcus mitis 1 (7 strain) ve Streptococcus agalactiae (7 strain), respectively. The strains showed the greatest resistance to tetracycline (14 strain, 14.5%), followed by ampicillin and erythromycine (13 strains, 13.5%), clarithromycin (10 strains, 10.4%), clindamycin (4 strains, 4.1%). GABHSs revealed 16 different types of resistance profiles. According to multiple antibiotic resistance indexes, 8 strains showed an index greater than 0.2 values. Consequently, pathogen profiles of GABHS strains were determined and it was revealed that erythromycin resistance was higher when compared to data of previous studies conducted in our country. It was concluded that this rate is not a problem now, but monitoring of the resistance levels intermittently throughout the country would be useful.

References

  • Acıkgoz ZC, Gocer S, Tuncer S (2003). Macrolide resistance determinants of group A streptococci in Ankara, Turkey. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotheraphy 52(1): 110-2.
  • Baron EJ, Gates JW (1979). Primary plate identification of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci utilizing a two- disk technique. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 10(1): 80-84.
  • Cavit Ö, Toksoy HB, Bakıcı MZ (1997). Çocukluk çağı farenjitlerinde beta-hemolitik streptokok gruplarının yeri ve streptokok farenjitlerinin tedavisinde penisilin G ile sefuroksim aksetilin karşılaştırılması. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni 31(3): 237-40.
  • Christensen P, Danielsson D, Hovelius B, Kjellander J (1982). Preliminary identification of beta-hemolytic streptococci in throat swab cultures with a commercial blood agar slide (Streptocult). Journal of Clinical Microbiology 15(6): 981-983.
  • Cizman M, Pokorn M, Seme K, Orazem A, Paragi M (2001). The relationship between trends in macrolide use ana resistance to macrolides of common respiratory pathogens. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotheraphy 47(4): 475-477.
  • Clinical and Laboratory Standarts Institute (CLSI) (2008). Performance standarts for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Eighteenth informational supplement. CLSI document M100-S18, Wayne, PA. pp: 34-38.
  • Colakoglu S, Alacam R, Hascelik G (2006). Prevalence ana mechanism of macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes in Ankara, Turkey. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 38(6-7): 456-459.
  • Demirel M, Tosun SY, Gündüz T, Aksu S (2001). Çocuklarda yapılan boğaz kültürlerinde A grubu Beta hemolitik streptokok sıklığı ve antibiyotik duyarlılığı. ANKEM Dergisi 15(4): 744-47.
  • Eryılmaz M, Akın A, Akan ÖA (2006). Boğaz kültürlerinden izole edilen A grubu beta- hemolitik streptokokların antibiyotik duyarlılıkları. ANKEM Dergisi 20(1): 10-12.
  • Gerber MA (2008). Group A Streptococcus. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF(eds). Nelson Textbook Of Pediatrics., 18th ed. Elsevier, Philadelphia: Saunders), pp: 1135-45.
  • Gomes BC, Esteves CT, Palazzo ICV, Darini ALC, Franca BDGM, Martinis ECP (2007). Correlation between API 20 Strep and multiplex PCR for identification of Enterococcus spp. isolated from Brazilian foods. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 38: 617-619.
  • Gracia M, Díaz C, Coronel P, Gimeno M, García-Rodas R, Rodríguez-Cerrato V, del Prado G, Huelves L, Ruiz V, Naves PF, Ponte MC, Granizo JJ, Soriano F. (2009). Antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pyogenes in Central, Eastern, and Baltic European Countries, 2005 to 2006: the cefditoren surveillance program. Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease 64: 52-56
  • Gülhan B, Meşe S, Bilek H, Onur A, Nergis Ş, Gül K (2008). Boğaz kültürlerinden izole edilen A grubu beta - hemolitik streptokokların penisilin ve eritromisin’e karşı duyarlılıkları. Dicle Tıp Dergisi 35(1): 34-37.
  • Hafner RG (1986). Evolution of the API 20 Strep system for species identification of viridans streptococci from blood cultures. Experientia 42(1): 103.
  • Jain A, Shukla VK, Tiwari V, Kumar R (2008). Antibiotic resistance pattern of group-a beta-hemolytic streptococci isolated from north Indian children. Indian Journal of Medical Sciences 62: 392-396.
  • Kim S, Lee NY (2004). Epidemiology and antibiotic resistance of group A streptococci isolated from healthy schoolchildren in Korea. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotheraphy; 54(2): 447-50.
  • Kirby R, Ruoff KL (1995). Cost-effective, clinically relevant method for rapid identification of beta–hemolytic streptococci and enterococci. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 33(5): 1154-1157.
  • Krumperman PH (1983). Multiple antibiotic resistance indexing of Escherichia coli to identify high-risk sources of fecal contamination of foods. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 46: 165–170.
  • Kulwichit W, Nilgate S, Chatsuwan T, Krajiw S., Unhasutri C, Chongthaleong A (2007). Accuracies of leuconostoc phenotypic identification: a comparison of API systems and conventional phenotypic assays. BMC Infectious Disease 7(69): 1-8.
  • Liu X, Shen X, Chang H, Huang G, Fu Z, Zheng Y, Wang L, Li C, Liu L, Shen Y, Yang Y (2009). High macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes strains isolated from children with pharyngitis in China. Pediatric Pulmonology 44(5): 436-441.
  • Lloyd, CA, Jacob SE, Menon T. Antibiotic resistant beta-hemolytic streptococci. Indian Journal of Pediatrics 74(12): 1077-1080.
  • Michos AG, Bakoula CG, Braoudaki M, Koutouzi FI, Roma ES, Pangalis A, Nikolopoulou G, Kirikou E, Syriopoulou VP (2009). Macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes: prevalence, resistance determinants, and emm types. Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease 64(3): 295-299.
  • Odierna L, Calvinho L, Traverssa P, Lassagno M, Bogni C, Reinoso E (2006). Conventional identification of Streptococcus uberis isolated from bovine mastitis in Argentinean diary herds. Journal of Dairy Science 89: 3886-3890.
  • Övet G, Balcı YI, Polat Y, Ersoy E, Çövüt İE (2009). Akut tonsillofaranjit tanısı alarak antibiyotik başlanan hastaların ne kadarında a grubu beta hemolitik streptokok sorumludur? Tıp Araştırmaları Dergisi 7(3): 122-5.
  • Öztop AY, Şanlıdağ T, Erandaç M (2000). Üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonlu çocuklarda izole edilen beta hemolitik streptokokların gruplandırılması ve antibiyotik duyarlılıklarının araştırılması. Türk Mikrobiyoloji Cemiyeti Dergisi 30(2): 73-76.
  • Poutrel B, Ryniewicz HZ (1984). Evoluation of tha API 20 Strep system for species identification of streptococci isolated from bovine mastitis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 19(2): 213-214.
  • Tayman C, Tonbul A, Soylu GG, Akça H, Çatal F (2011). Tonsillofaranjitli çocuklardan izole edilen A grubu beta-hemolitik streptokokların sık kullanılan antibiyotiklere karşı direnci. Dicle Tıp Dergisi 38(3): 305-308.
  • Topkaya AE, Balıkcı A, Aydın F, Hasçelik G, Kayman T, Kesli R, Aydemir Ş, Akyar I, Gökalp A, Dündar G, Gürler N, Perçin D, Fındık D, Avunduk H, Bayraktar B (2014). Türkiye’de invazif streptokok enfeksiyonlarının epidemiyolojisi, klinik ve mikrobiyolojik özellikleri, 2010-2011. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni 48(1): 1-13.
  • Yazgan Z, Aktürk Z, Akın M, Atay E (2001). Asemptomatik çocuklarda boğaz örneklerinden izole edilen hemolitik streptokoklarda antibiyotik direncinin araştırılması. Turk Pediatri Arsivi 36(2): 102-105.
  • Zhou W, Jiang YM, Wang HJ, Kuang LH, Hu ZQ, Shi H, Shu M, Wa CM (2014). Erythromycin-resistant genes in group A β-haemolytic Streptococci in Chengdu, Southwestern China. Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology 32: 290-3.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA57ZD92ND
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ahmet Uysal This is me

Yusuf Durak This is me

Duygu Akın This is me

Publication Date December 1, 2014
Submission Date December 1, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Issue: 39

Cite

APA Uysal, A., Durak, Y., & Akın, D. (2014). BOĞAZ KÜLTÜRLERİNDEN İZOLE EDİLEN BETA-HEMOLİTİK STREPTOKOKLARIN İDENTİFİKASYONU, TİPLENDİRİLMESİ VE ANTİBİYOTİK VE ERİTROMİSİN DİRENÇ PROFİLLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ. Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Fen Dergisi(39), 10-20.
AMA Uysal A, Durak Y, Akın D. BOĞAZ KÜLTÜRLERİNDEN İZOLE EDİLEN BETA-HEMOLİTİK STREPTOKOKLARIN İDENTİFİKASYONU, TİPLENDİRİLMESİ VE ANTİBİYOTİK VE ERİTROMİSİN DİRENÇ PROFİLLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ. sufefd. December 2014;(39):10-20.
Chicago Uysal, Ahmet, Yusuf Durak, and Duygu Akın. “BOĞAZ KÜLTÜRLERİNDEN İZOLE EDİLEN BETA-HEMOLİTİK STREPTOKOKLARIN İDENTİFİKASYONU, TİPLENDİRİLMESİ VE ANTİBİYOTİK VE ERİTROMİSİN DİRENÇ PROFİLLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Fen Dergisi, no. 39 (December 2014): 10-20.
EndNote Uysal A, Durak Y, Akın D (December 1, 2014) BOĞAZ KÜLTÜRLERİNDEN İZOLE EDİLEN BETA-HEMOLİTİK STREPTOKOKLARIN İDENTİFİKASYONU, TİPLENDİRİLMESİ VE ANTİBİYOTİK VE ERİTROMİSİN DİRENÇ PROFİLLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ. Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Fen Dergisi 39 10–20.
IEEE A. Uysal, Y. Durak, and D. Akın, “BOĞAZ KÜLTÜRLERİNDEN İZOLE EDİLEN BETA-HEMOLİTİK STREPTOKOKLARIN İDENTİFİKASYONU, TİPLENDİRİLMESİ VE ANTİBİYOTİK VE ERİTROMİSİN DİRENÇ PROFİLLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ”, sufefd, no. 39, pp. 10–20, December 2014.
ISNAD Uysal, Ahmet et al. “BOĞAZ KÜLTÜRLERİNDEN İZOLE EDİLEN BETA-HEMOLİTİK STREPTOKOKLARIN İDENTİFİKASYONU, TİPLENDİRİLMESİ VE ANTİBİYOTİK VE ERİTROMİSİN DİRENÇ PROFİLLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Fen Dergisi 39 (December 2014), 10-20.
JAMA Uysal A, Durak Y, Akın D. BOĞAZ KÜLTÜRLERİNDEN İZOLE EDİLEN BETA-HEMOLİTİK STREPTOKOKLARIN İDENTİFİKASYONU, TİPLENDİRİLMESİ VE ANTİBİYOTİK VE ERİTROMİSİN DİRENÇ PROFİLLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ. sufefd. 2014;:10–20.
MLA Uysal, Ahmet et al. “BOĞAZ KÜLTÜRLERİNDEN İZOLE EDİLEN BETA-HEMOLİTİK STREPTOKOKLARIN İDENTİFİKASYONU, TİPLENDİRİLMESİ VE ANTİBİYOTİK VE ERİTROMİSİN DİRENÇ PROFİLLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Fen Dergisi, no. 39, 2014, pp. 10-20.
Vancouver Uysal A, Durak Y, Akın D. BOĞAZ KÜLTÜRLERİNDEN İZOLE EDİLEN BETA-HEMOLİTİK STREPTOKOKLARIN İDENTİFİKASYONU, TİPLENDİRİLMESİ VE ANTİBİYOTİK VE ERİTROMİSİN DİRENÇ PROFİLLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ. sufefd. 2014(39):10-2.

Journal Owner: On behalf of Selçuk University Faculty of Science, Rector Prof. Dr. Hüseyin YILMAZ
Selcuk University Journal of Science Faculty accepts articles in Turkish and English with original results in basic sciences and other applied sciences. The journal may also include compilations containing current innovations.

It was first published in 1981 as "S.Ü. Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi" and was published under this name until 1984 (Number 1-4).
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