A Review About Cyclomorphosis in Plankton

Year 2018, Volume: 44 Issue: 2, 187 - 202, 11.10.2018

Duygu Berdi , Evren Yıldıztugay , Mustafa Küçüködük Ahmet Altındağ

Abstract

Cyclomorphism or seasonal polymorphism was first described in
zooplankton by Lauterborn at 1904. This term is nowadays referred to as the seasonal
changes in body structures affected by the abiotic (temperature, turbulence,
light) and biotic (nutrient, predator, pressure) circulation in small aquatic
organisms. These seasonal changes may cause the season to look like two
different forms. Cyclomorphosis more prevalent, especially among planktonic
cladocerans, but also among protozoa, dinoflagellates and rotifers. Cyclomorphosis
is a consequence of changes in the physical appearance and behavior of
organisms. Cyclomorphism is reduce the sinking rate of the organism in aquatic
environment and facilitates swimming, at the same time, another advantage is
the defense against feeding with planktons predators. Researchers have shown
that chemicals released by some hunter species (kairomons) cause body spurs
such as caudal spin, hump, and defense against the predator. This review also
details cyclomorphosis and changes in the plankton. 

Keywords

Cyclomorphosis, Plankton, Seasonal, Polymorphism

Planktonlarda Siklomorfozis Üzerine Derleme

Abstract

Siklomorfizm
veya mevsimsel polimorfizm zooplanktonlarda ilk olarak Lauterborn tarafından
1904 yılında tanımlanmıştır. Bu terim günümüzde küçük akuatik organizmalarda
abiyotik (sıcaklık, türbülans, ışık) ve biyotik (besin, predatör baskısı)
çevrenin etkisiyle vücut yapılarında mevsimsel olarak meydana gelen fiziksel
değişiklikler olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Bu mevsimsel değişiklikler türün
mevsimsel olarak iki farklı form gibi görünmesine neden olabilmektedir.
Siklomorfosiz özellikle planktonik kladoseralar arasında daha fazla
gözlemlenirken, ayrıca protozoa, dinoflagellat ve rotiferler arasında da yaygın
olarak görülmektedir. Siklomorfosiz sonucu canlıların fiziksel görünüşlerinde
ve davranışlarında birtakım değişiklikler söz konusudur. Siklomorfosiz akuatik
ortamda organizmanın batma oranını azaltıp yüzmede kolaylık sağlarken, aynı
zamanda planktonla beslenen predatörlere karşı da bir savunma mekanizması
olarak kullanılmaktadır. Araştırmacılar tarafından bazı avcı türlerin
salgıladığı kimyasalların (kairomonlar) canlıda kaudal spin, tepelik gibi vücut
çıkıntılarına neden olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Bu derleme de planktonlardaki
siklomorfosiz olayı ve meydana gelen değişikliklerden detaylı olarak
bahsedilmiştir. 

Keywords

Siklomorfosiz, Plankton, Mevsimsel, Polimorfizm

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