Research Article
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CONCEPT OF WORKING TIME IN PLATFORM WORK

Year 2023, Volume: 31 Issue: 4, 1689 - 1727, 31.12.2023

Doğukan Küçük

https://doi.org/10.15337/suhfd.1324293

Abstract

The labor law aims to protect the employee's health with the working periods and rest periods included in the organization of work, where the rules of public character are intense. To achieve this purpose, for example, weekly and daily working hours are limited by the legislator. These constraints are basically for persons covered by Turkish labor law and with employee status. However, although their legal status is controversial, platform workers perform for remuneration at certain hours of the week or day. Therefore, if a platform worker is accepted as an employee, she/he is evaluated within the scope of Turkish labor law, and the rules regarding the organization of work will be applied to her/him. However, the heterogeneity of online platforms, the different algorithms and business models of each platform, and the wide variety of tasks performed on the online platform can be challenging to calculate working periods. This article aims to contribute to calculating platform workers' working time.

Keywords

Working Conditions Working Time Platform Work Platform Worker Flexibility

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PLATFORM ÇALIŞMADA ÇALIŞMA SÜRESİ KAVRAMI

Year 2023, Volume: 31 Issue: 4, 1689 - 1727, 31.12.2023

Doğukan Küçük

https://doi.org/10.15337/suhfd.1324293

Abstract

Kamusal karaktere sahip kuralların yoğun olduğu ve iş hukukunun bir bölümünü oluşturan, işin düzenlenmesi içerisinde yer alan çalışma süreleri ve dinlenme süreleri ile işçinin sağlığının korunması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaca ulaşabilmek için örneğin haftalık ve günlük çalışma süreleri kanun koyucu tarafından sınırlandırılmıştır. Bu sınırlamalar ise temel olarak Türk İş Kanunu kapsamına giren ve işçi sıfatını haiz kişiler açısındandır. Ancak her ne kadar hukuki statüleri tartışmalı olsa da platform çalışanları bir ücret karşılığı, haftanın veya günün belirli saatleri iş görmektedir. Dolayısıyla platform çalışanları eğer işçi kabul edilecek olursa Türk iş Kanunu kapsamında değerlendirilecek ve işin düzenlenmesine ilişkin kurallar kendilerine uygulanacaktır. Ancak çevrimiçi platformların heterojen yapıda olması, çevrimiçi platformda yerine getirilen görevlerin çok çeşitli olması, her platformun algoritmasının ve iş modelinin farklı olması çalışma sürelerinin hesaplanmasını zorlaştırabilmektedir. Bu makale, platform çalışanlarının çalışma sürelerinin hesaplanmasına bir katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır.

Keywords

Çalışma Koşulları Çalışma Süresi Platform Çalışma Platform Çalışanı Esneklik

References

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  • ANGHEL, Razvan: “Implications of CJEU Jurisprudence on the Delimi-tation of Working Time by Rest Time in the Collaborative Econ-omy”, Lex ET Scientia International Journal, 26(2), 2019, 7-25.
  • AYKAÇ, Hande Bahar: “Platform Ekonomisi Çalışması: İş Hukukunda Yarattığı Sorular Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme”, Sicil, 44, 2020, 69-95.
  • BAKIRCI, Kadriye: “Dünyada Evde Çalışmada Hukuksal Koruma Sis-temleri ve Mevzuatı”, İktisat Dergisi, 430, 2002, 63-69.
  • BAŞBUĞ, Aydın/BODUR, Yücel: İş Hukuku, 5. Baskı, İstanbul 2018.
  • BAŞTERZİ, Süleyman: “Avukatla Bağıtlanan Sözleşmenin Hukuki Niteliği, İş Sözleşmesinin Vekâlet ve Diğer İş Görme Sözleşmelerinden Ayrılması”, Sicil, 17, 2010, 175-198.
  • BAYCIK, Gaye/CİVAN, Orhan Ersun/TOLU YILMAZ, Hazal/BOSNA, Berrin: “Platform Çalışanlarını Yasal Güvenceye Kavuşturmak: So-runlar ve Çözüm Önerileri”, Galatasaray Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 1, 2021, 713-801.
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  • CHERRY, A. Miriam: “Working for (Virtually) Minimum Wage: Apply-ing the Fair Labor Standards Act in Cyberspace”, Alabama Law Re-view, 60(5), 2009, 1077-1110.
  • CHERRY, A. Miriam/ALOISI, Antonio: “Dependent Contractors in the Gig Economy: A Comparative Approach”, American University Law Review, 66(3), 2017, 635-690.
  • CİVAN, Orhan Ersun: “İş Hukukunda Uzaktan Çalışma”, Legal İş ve Sos-yal Güvenlik Hukuku Dergisi, 26, 2010, 525-573.
  • CORUJO, Borja Suarez: “The Sharing Economy: The Emerging Debate in Spain”, Spanish Labour Law and Employment Relations Journal, 6(1-2), 2017, 30-41.
  • CREIGHTON, Breen/MCCRYSTAL, Shae: “Who Is a Worker in Interna-tional Law”, Comparative Labor Law & Policy Journal, 37(3), 2016, 691-725.
  • DAVIDOV, Guy: “The Three Axes of Employment Relationships: Char-acterization of Workers in Need of Protection”, University of To-ronto Law Journal, 52(4), 2002, 357-418.
  • DAVIES, C. L. Anne: “Wages and Working Time in the Gig Economy”, King's Law Journal, 31(2), 2020, 250-259.
  • DAUGAREILH, Isabelle: “The Legal Status of Platform Workers in France”, Comparative Labour Law & Policy Journal, 41(2), 2020, 405-422.
  • DE GROOF, Sarah: “Travelling Time is Working Time According to the CJEU - At Least for Mobile Workers”, European Labour Law Jour-nal, 6(4), 2015, 386-391.
  • DE STEFANO, Valerio: The Rise of the “Just-in Time Workforce”: On-demand Work, Crowdwork and Labor Protection in the “Gig-Econ-omy”, International Labour Office, Inclusive Labour Markets, La-bour Relations and Working Conditions Branch, Geneva 2016.
  • DEDEOĞLU, Saniye: Home Bounded-Global Outreach: Home-based Workers in Turkey, Genova 2020.
  • DEFOSSEZ, Delphine: “The Employment Status of Food Delivery Riders in Europe and the UK: Self-employed or Worker?”, Maastricht Jour-nal of European and Comparative Law, 29(1), 2022, 25-46.
  • DULAY, Dilek: Türk İş Hukukunda Evde Çalışma, Ankara 2016.
  • EKMEKÇİ, Ömer/KORKUSUZ, Refik: Turkish Individual Labour Law, İstanbul 2020.
  • EKMEKÇİ, Ömer/YİĞİT, Esra: Bireysel İş Hukuku Dersleri, İstanbul 2020.
  • ERGÜNEŞ EMRAĞ, Seda: “4857 Sayılı İş Kanununun Değişik 14. Mad-desi Işığında Tele Çalışma”, Legal İş ve Sosyal Güvenlik Hukuku Dergisi, 13(51), 2016, 1413-1443.
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  • EUROFOUND: New Forms of Employment, Luxembourg 2015.
  • EUROFOUND: Employment and Working Conditions of Selected Types of Platform Work, Luxembourg 2018.
  • EUROPEAN AGENCY FOR SAFETY AND HEALTH AT WORK: Pro-tecting Workers in the Online Platform Economy: An Overview of Regulatory and Policy Developments in the EU, 2017, https://osha.europa.eu/en/publications/protecting-workers-online-platform-economy-overview-regulatory-and-policy-developments (Accessed time: 05.15.2023).
  • FREDMAN, Sandra/DU TOIT, Darcy: “One Small Step towards Decent Work: Uber v Aslam in the Court of Appeal”, Industrial Law Jour-nal, 48(2), 2019, 260-277.
  • FUDGE, Judy/TUCKER, Eric/VOSKO, Leah: “Employee or Independent Contractor? Charting the Legal Significance of the Distinction in Canada”, Canadian Labour & Employment Law Journal, 10, 2002, 193-230.
  • GARCIA-MUNOZ ALHAMBRA, Manuel Antonio/HIESSL, Christina: “The Matzak Judgment of the CJEU: The Concept of Worker and the Blurring Frontiers of Work and Rest Time”, European Labour Law Journal, 10(4), 2019, 343-352.
  • GÜNAY, Arkın: Türk Hukukunda ve Karşılaştırmalı Hukukta Evde Ça-lışma, İstanbul 2018.
  • GÜNEŞ, Volkan: “Güvene Dayalı Çalışma Süresi”, Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(4), 2019, 249-275.
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There are 88 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Labour and Social Security Law
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLES
Authors

Doğukan Küçük 0000-0002-3024-6285

Early Pub Date December 31, 2023
Publication Date December 31, 2023
Acceptance Date December 15, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 31 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Küçük, D. (2023). CONCEPT OF WORKING TIME IN PLATFORM WORK. Selçuk Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 31(4), 1689-1727. https://doi.org/10.15337/suhfd.1324293
AMA Küçük D. CONCEPT OF WORKING TIME IN PLATFORM WORK. Selçuk Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi. December 2023;31(4):1689-1727. doi:10.15337/suhfd.1324293
Chicago Küçük, Doğukan. “CONCEPT OF WORKING TIME IN PLATFORM WORK”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 31, no. 4 (December 2023): 1689-1727. https://doi.org/10.15337/suhfd.1324293.
EndNote Küçük D (December 1, 2023) CONCEPT OF WORKING TIME IN PLATFORM WORK. Selçuk Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 31 4 1689–1727.
IEEE D. Küçük, “CONCEPT OF WORKING TIME IN PLATFORM WORK”, Selçuk Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 1689–1727, 2023, doi: 10.15337/suhfd.1324293.
ISNAD Küçük, Doğukan. “CONCEPT OF WORKING TIME IN PLATFORM WORK”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 31/4 (December 2023), 1689-1727. https://doi.org/10.15337/suhfd.1324293.
JAMA Küçük D. CONCEPT OF WORKING TIME IN PLATFORM WORK. Selçuk Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi. 2023;31:1689–1727.
MLA Küçük, Doğukan. “CONCEPT OF WORKING TIME IN PLATFORM WORK”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 31, no. 4, 2023, pp. 1689-27, doi:10.15337/suhfd.1324293.
Vancouver Küçük D. CONCEPT OF WORKING TIME IN PLATFORM WORK. Selçuk Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi. 2023;31(4):1689-727.