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OTİSTİK BİR ÇOCUĞUN YABANCI DİL ÖĞRENİMİNE İLİŞKİN ÖRNEK OLAY İNCELEMESİ

Year 2005, Issue: 14, 401 - 427, 01.08.2005

Abstract

Bu araştırmada, otistik bir çocuk olan Hale’nin yabancıdili olan Türkçe öğrenimi incelendi. Hale’ye altıay boyunca, bireysel özelliklerine, ihtiyaçlarına ve ilgilerine göre geliştirilen bir yabancıdil eğitim programıuygulandıve programın Hale üzerindeki etkisi değerlendirildi. Araştırmada, “durum çalışması” modeli kullanıldı. Araştırmanın verileri gözlem, görüşme ve doküman incelemesi yöntemleriyle elde edildi. Bulgulara göre, otistik bir çocuk olan Hale’nin anadili İngilizce’nin yanısıra yabancıbir dil olarak Türkçe’yi de öğrenebildiği gözlendi. Bu duruma Hale’nin 1 erken ve yoğun davranışve konuşma terapisini almışolması, 2 sistemli bir eğitime tabi tutulması, 3 anadilinde konuşmayıbilmesi, 4 zihinsel bir engelinin bulunmamasıve 5 zekasının normal veya normalin üzerinde olmasıvb faktörler etkin oldu. Diğer taraftan, Hale’nin Türkçe’yi öğrenme sürecinde yaşadığızorluklar, yabancıbir dili öğrenmenin otistik bir çocuk için kolay olmadığını, bu dili öğrenirken bir çok problemle karşılaşılabildiğini ortaya koydu. Sonuç olarak, Hale Türkçe’yi okula gidebilecek ve toplumda kendisini tek başına idare edebilecek kadar öğrenemedi. Ancak, uygulanan program sayesinde Hale, çeşitli kavramlarıve cümleleri ve bunların telaffuzunu öğrendi; Türkçe oyun oynamayı, şarkısöylemeyi ve iletişim kurmayıbaşardı; davranışlarında, sosyal ilişki ve becerilerinde ve anadilini kullanmasında gelişme kaydetti; ve sosyal iletişim ve etkileşimleri kendiliğinden başlatabilecek bir düzeye erişti.

References

  • Akçakın, M. (2000). Çocuklar ve otizm. Çocuk ve Aile, 8-11.
  • American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: APA.
  • Autism Society of America. Available at: http://www.autism- society.org/autism.html
  • Bailey, K.D. (1982). Methods of Social Research (2nd ed.). New York, NY: The Free Press.
  • Bogdan, R.C. & Biklen, S.K. (1992). Qualitative Research for Education: An Introduction to Theory and Methods. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
  • Borazancı-Persson, S. (2003). Eğitmenler ve Aileler için Otizm Özel Eğitim Rehberi. İzmir: Tükelmat A.Ş.
  • Darıca, N., Abdioğlu, Ü. & Gümüşçü Ş. (1992). Otizm ve Otistik Çocuklar. İstanbul: Özgür Yayınları.
  • Denzin, N.K. & Lincoln Y.S. (1994). Handbook of Qualitative Research. CA: Sage Publications.
  • Jaeger, R. M. (1988). Complementary Methods for Research in Education. Washington, DC: AERA.
  • Lord, K. & Mcgee, I. P. (2001). Educating Children with Autism. Washington DC: National Acedemy Press.
  • Lord, C. & Schopler, E. (1994). TEACH services for preschool childeren. In S.L. Harris & J.S. Handleman (Eds.), Preschool Education Programs for Children with Autism. Austin, TX: PRO-ED.
  • Lovaas, O.I. (1966). A program for the establishment of speech in psychotic children. In J.K. Wing (Ed.), Early Childhood Autism. New York, NY: Pergamon Press.
  • Lovaas, O.I. (1977). The Autistic Child: Language Development Through Behavior Modification. New York, NY: Ervington.
  • Lovaas, O.I. (1987). Behavioral treatment and normal educational functioning in young autistic children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Pyschology, 55, 3-9.
  • M.E.B. (2000a). Özel Eğitim Hizmetleri Yönetmeliği. Erişim: http://www.meb.gov.tr/
  • M.E.B. (2000b). Otistik Çocuklar Eğitim Programı (Otistik Çocuklar Eğitim Projesi ve Uygulama Yönergesi). Erişim: http://www.meb.gov.tr/
  • Merriam, S. B. (1988). Case Study Research in Education: A Qualitative Approach. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative Education and Research Methods. Newbury Park, CA:Sage.
  • Roland, C.C., McGee, G.G., Risley, T.R. & Rimland, B. (1988). Description of the Tokyo Higashi Program for Autistic Children. San Diego, CA: Autism Research Institute.
  • Schopler, E., Lansing, M. & Waters, L. (1983). Individualized Assessment and Treatment for Autistic and Developmentally Disabled Children. Baltimore, MD: University Park Press.
  • Schopler, E. & Olley, J.G. (1982). Comprehensive educational services for autistic children: The TEACCH model. In C.R. Reynolds & T.B. Gutkin (Eds.), Handbook of School Psychology. New York, NY: Wiley.
  • Schopler, E., Reinchler, R.C. & Lansing, M. (1980). Individualized Assessment and Treatment for Autistic and Developmentally Disabled Children. Vol. 2: Teaching Strategies for Parents and Professionals. Austin, TX: PRO-ED.
  • Yıldırım, A. & Şimşek, H. (1999). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınevi.
Year 2005, Issue: 14, 401 - 427, 01.08.2005

Abstract

In this research an autistic child, Hale, and her learning of Turkish as a foreign language was examined. A foreign language training program, which was developed according to Hale’s individual characteristics, needs and interests, was applied within a six-month period, and the effects of this program on Hale were assessed. A case study design was used. Data was obtained through observations, interviews and document analysis. According to the results, Hale could learn Turkish as a foreign language in addition to her native language, English. It was extremely important for Hale to 1 have an early intensive behavior and speech therapy, 2 receive formal education, 3 be verbal in the mother tongue, 4 not have mental retardation, and 5 have a normal or high level of intelligence, prior to her foreign language learning experience. The difficulties Hale experienced while learning Turkish, however, pointed out that it wasn’t easy for an autistic child to learn a foreign language. To conclude, Hale could not learn enough Turkish to be fully functional in the Turkish school system and the society. However, the program had a lot of positive and helpful gains for Hale such as her learning several Turkish words, concepts, phrases and their pronunciation; social play, singing songs and communicating in Turkish; improvement in her behaviors, social interactions and skills, and usage of mother tongue; and expressing herself better and initiating social speech

References

  • Akçakın, M. (2000). Çocuklar ve otizm. Çocuk ve Aile, 8-11.
  • American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: APA.
  • Autism Society of America. Available at: http://www.autism- society.org/autism.html
  • Bailey, K.D. (1982). Methods of Social Research (2nd ed.). New York, NY: The Free Press.
  • Bogdan, R.C. & Biklen, S.K. (1992). Qualitative Research for Education: An Introduction to Theory and Methods. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
  • Borazancı-Persson, S. (2003). Eğitmenler ve Aileler için Otizm Özel Eğitim Rehberi. İzmir: Tükelmat A.Ş.
  • Darıca, N., Abdioğlu, Ü. & Gümüşçü Ş. (1992). Otizm ve Otistik Çocuklar. İstanbul: Özgür Yayınları.
  • Denzin, N.K. & Lincoln Y.S. (1994). Handbook of Qualitative Research. CA: Sage Publications.
  • Jaeger, R. M. (1988). Complementary Methods for Research in Education. Washington, DC: AERA.
  • Lord, K. & Mcgee, I. P. (2001). Educating Children with Autism. Washington DC: National Acedemy Press.
  • Lord, C. & Schopler, E. (1994). TEACH services for preschool childeren. In S.L. Harris & J.S. Handleman (Eds.), Preschool Education Programs for Children with Autism. Austin, TX: PRO-ED.
  • Lovaas, O.I. (1966). A program for the establishment of speech in psychotic children. In J.K. Wing (Ed.), Early Childhood Autism. New York, NY: Pergamon Press.
  • Lovaas, O.I. (1977). The Autistic Child: Language Development Through Behavior Modification. New York, NY: Ervington.
  • Lovaas, O.I. (1987). Behavioral treatment and normal educational functioning in young autistic children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Pyschology, 55, 3-9.
  • M.E.B. (2000a). Özel Eğitim Hizmetleri Yönetmeliği. Erişim: http://www.meb.gov.tr/
  • M.E.B. (2000b). Otistik Çocuklar Eğitim Programı (Otistik Çocuklar Eğitim Projesi ve Uygulama Yönergesi). Erişim: http://www.meb.gov.tr/
  • Merriam, S. B. (1988). Case Study Research in Education: A Qualitative Approach. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative Education and Research Methods. Newbury Park, CA:Sage.
  • Roland, C.C., McGee, G.G., Risley, T.R. & Rimland, B. (1988). Description of the Tokyo Higashi Program for Autistic Children. San Diego, CA: Autism Research Institute.
  • Schopler, E., Lansing, M. & Waters, L. (1983). Individualized Assessment and Treatment for Autistic and Developmentally Disabled Children. Baltimore, MD: University Park Press.
  • Schopler, E. & Olley, J.G. (1982). Comprehensive educational services for autistic children: The TEACCH model. In C.R. Reynolds & T.B. Gutkin (Eds.), Handbook of School Psychology. New York, NY: Wiley.
  • Schopler, E., Reinchler, R.C. & Lansing, M. (1980). Individualized Assessment and Treatment for Autistic and Developmentally Disabled Children. Vol. 2: Teaching Strategies for Parents and Professionals. Austin, TX: PRO-ED.
  • Yıldırım, A. & Şimşek, H. (1999). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınevi.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Beyhan Nazlı Koçbeker This is me

Ahmet Saban This is me

Publication Date August 1, 2005
Published in Issue Year 2005 Issue: 14

Cite

APA Koçbeker, B. N., & Saban, A. (2005). OTİSTİK BİR ÇOCUĞUN YABANCI DİL ÖĞRENİMİNE İLİŞKİN ÖRNEK OLAY İNCELEMESİ. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi(14), 401-427.

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