The fact that wars around the world often occur without adherence to any legal or structured framework has made it increasingly important to analyze and revisit the principles of Islamic ethics and law on warfare. One of the prominent scholars who made significant contributions to Islamic law of war is Badr al-Din Ibn Jamaa. In his work Tajnīd al-Ajnād wa Jihād Ahl al-Jihād, Ibn Jamaa stated that Muslims, by respecting fundamental human rights during warfare, formulated key legal principles, which were later practiced in Islamic societies over the centuries. Under the Mamluk administration, all the points that must be considered for preserving and protecting the Sharia were articulated through reflections on two main concepts. The concepts of jihad, which hold substantial weight in his works, and justice, which he emphasizes in nearly every context, appear as central principles in Ibn Jamaa’s political thought. Ibn Jamaa's distinct and independent work on the Islamic law of war is undoubtedly Tajnīd al-Ajnād. Through its chapters and sections, he provides a detailed examination of the law of war. It became the most important independent work of its time, addressing issues such as social unity and harmony, state stability, and national continuity. In this regard, Tajnīd al-Ajnād stands out in the field of law of war and military law by discussing topics such as the etiquette of war, war tactics and organization, soldiers’ salaries and the sultan’s payroll decisions. Within this work, Ibn Jamaa also pointed out that the nature of warfare may vary depending on the military technologies and weaponry of the era, yet the resolve for jihad would remain unchanged. The primary sources utilized in this study include the Holy Qur'an, Hadiths, the sayings and practices of the Companions (Sahaba), and the sections titled “Kitāb al-Jihād” and “Kitāb al-Siyar” from classical Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) books, and foundational juridical-political works written in the style of “Ahkām al-Sultāniyya”. This study also explores the life of Ibn Jamaa, his intellectual environment, teachers, and works, along with the sources he used, the methodology he employed, and the content of Tajnīd al-Ajnād wa Jihād Ahl al-Jihād, a text that has been critically edited and analyzed. Recognized as a work of considerable importance in the context of Islamic civilization’s law of war, Tajnīd al-Ajnād has served as a source for many later works. The study provides references to this work and emphasizes its significance through comparisons with relevant literature on related topics. In the Arabic critical edition section, the base manuscript was compared with other versions, and textual variants were identified.
Dünyada meydana gelen savaşların belli bir hukuka ve nizama bağlı kalmaksızın gerçekleşmesi, İslam’ın savaş ahlak ve hukukunu ortaya koyan prensiplerini tahlil edip bunları tekrar hatırlatmak bakımından önem kazandırmıştır. Tarihsel süreç içerisinde İslam savaş hukukuna dair önemli çalışma ortaya koyanlardan birisi Bedrüddin b. Cemâa olmuştur. İbn Cemâa, Müslümanların savaşlarında temel insan haklarına riayet ederek bu alanda önemli hukuki prensipler oluşturduklarını ve bu kuralların tarih boyunca İslam toplumlarında uygulandığını “Tecnîdü’l-Ecnâd ve Cihâtu Ehli’l-Cihâd” isimli eserinde zikretmiştir. Çalışmada İbn Cemâa’nın hayatı, yetiştiği çevre, hocaları ve eserlerinin yanı sıra tahkik ve tahlilini yaptığımız “Tecnîdü’l-Ecnâd ve Cihâtu Ehli’l-Cihâd” isimli eserini oluştururken onun istifade ettiği kaynaklar, takip ettiği yöntem ve eserinin muhtevasına da yer verilmiştir. İslam medeniyetinde savaş hukuku açısından önemli bir yeri olan Tecnîdü’l-Ecnâd isimli eser yazıldıktan sonra pek çok çalışma için kaynak olmuştur. Çalışmada bu esere yapılan atıflara ayrıca yer verilmiş ve eserin muhtevasındaki konular bakımından ilgili eserlerle mukayesesi yapılarak eserin önemine dikkat çekilmiştir. Eserin Arapça tahkik kısmında esas aldığımız nüsha ile diğer nüshalar karşılaştırılarak farklı yönleri zikredilmiştir.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Subjects | Islamic Law |
Journal Section | Research Articles |
Authors | |
Publication Date | August 29, 2025 |
Submission Date | April 24, 2025 |
Acceptance Date | July 10, 2025 |
Published in Issue | Year 2025 Issue: 15 |