Legalistic Discourse in Sixteenth-Century Ottoman Political Thought: A Literature Review

Abstract

In world history, the sixteenth century played a transformative role in many areas, which have been described as the hallmarks of early modernity. While such transformations influenced the Ottoman Empire, the peculiar historical developments in the empire made the sixteenth century more important for history-writing. The scholarship demonstrates the increasing emphasis on law and legal-rational mentality among the intellectual circles of the empire, especially in the second half of the century. The place of increasing legalistic discourse within the political thought literature is only barely discernable, although the Ottoman historiography demonstrates its cruciality mostly without highlighting the relationships with political thought. By following the close relationship between context and political thought, the present paper aims to illustrate how significant transformations, such as bureaucratic enhancements, wars, and intercultural exchanges, shaped the content and language of legitimacy concerns and the ideas on the right government. In that sense, it explores the growing emphasis on law and increasing legalistic discourse within the empire’s political thought in the given time period by evaluating and re-examining the modern scholarship on the sixteenth-century Ottoman Empire.

Keywords

• Ottoman political thought
• Ottoman intellectual history
• the sixteenth century
• early modernity
• historical contextualism
• legalistic discourse

On Altıncı Yüzyıl Osmanlı Siyaset Düşüncesinde Hukuki Söylem: Bir Literatür Değerlendirmesi

Abstract

Dünya tarihinde, on altıncı yüzyıl, erken modernitenin ayırt edici özellikleri olarak tanımlanan birçok alanda dönüştürücü bir rol oynadı. Bu tür dönüşümler Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nu etkilerken, imparatorluğun kendine özgü tarihsel gelişmeleri on altıncı yüzyılı tarih yazımı için daha da önemli hale getirdi. On altıncı yüzyıl Osmanlı’sı üzerine üretilmiş olan literatür, özellikle yüzyılın ikinci yarısında imparatorluğun entelektüel çevreleri arasında hukuka ve yasal-rasyonel zihniyete artan vurguyu göstermektedir. Her ne kadar şimdiye kadar üretilmiş olan eserler bu gelişmelerin belirtseler de artan hukuki söylemin siyaset düşüncesi literatürü içerisindeki yeri ancak güçlükle fark edilebilir durumdadır. Bu makale, bağlam ve siyaset düşüncesi arasındaki yakın ilişkiyi takip ederek, bürokratik gelişmeler, savaşlar ve kültürlerarası değişimler gibi önemli dönüşümlerin meşruiyet kaygılarının içeriğini ile dilini ve yönetim hakkındaki fikirlerini nasıl şekillendirdiğini göstermeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu anlamda, on altıncı yüzyıl Osmanlı İmparatorluğu üzerine modern araştırmaları değerlendirerek ve yeniden inceleyerek, bahsi geçen zaman diliminde imparatorluğun siyaset düşüncesinde hukuka artan vurguyu ve artan hukuki söylemi araştırmaktadır.

Keywords

• Osmanlı siyaset düşüncesi
• Osmanlı düşünce tarihi
• On altıncı yüzyıl
• Bağlamsal siyaset düşüncesi
• Erken modern dönem
• Hukuk ve hukuksal zihniyet

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