The Effects of Gibberellic Acid Doses on Yield and Germination under Abiotic Stress Conditions in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Öz

This study was carried out to determinate the effects of different gibberellic acid doses on sunflower yield, yield components in Eskişehir conditions and to detect the GA₃ doses on seed germination under abiotic stress conditions. Field and laboratory experiments were performed in 2013 using Sanbro MR and gibberellic acid as materials in this study. Yield and yield components of sunflower were investigated after gibberellic acid doses of control (distilled water), 50, 100, 200, 300, 400 ppm were pulverized to the plants with growing stage of 6-8 leaves (V₆-V₈). Salinity and drought stresses were performed by using the same doses of GA₃ applied to the seeds both for 8 and 16 h. According to the research results, although plant height and one thousand seed weight enhanced by increasing GA₃ doses, blooming time, head diameter, seed yield per plant, oil content, oil yield, chlorophyll content decreased. Increasing GA₃ doses shortened two days of blooming time. In laboratory experiment, especially lower doses of GA₃ were effective for salt and drought stresses. It was concluded that seed treatment with 50 ppm dose of GA₃ for 8 h can be beneficial for decreasing the effect of abiotic stress conditions on germination.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• GA3; seed yield; oil content; germination; NaCl; drought

Ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.)'nde Giberellik Asit Dozlarının Verim ve Abiyotik Stres Koşullarında Çimlenme Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Bu araştırma, Eskişehir koşullarında farklı giberellik asit (GA₃) dozları uygulanan ayçiçeğinde verim ve verim öğeleri ile tohuma uygulanan GA₃ dozlarının abiyotik stres koşullarında çimlenme üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada materyal olarak Sanbro MR ayçiçeği çeşidi ile GA₃ kullanılmıştır. 2013 yılında yürütülen tarla denemelerinde kontrol (saf su), 50, 100, 200, 300 ve 400 ppm GA₃ dozları bitkiler 6-8 yapraklı (V₆-V₈) olduğu dönemde uygulanarak verim ve verim öğeleri incelenmiştir. Çimlendirme denemelerinde, aynı dozlarda GA₃ ayçiçeği tohumlarına 8 ve 16 saat süreyle uygulanarak tuz ve kuraklık stresinde çimlenme performansları incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, artan GA₃ dozları çiçeklenme süresinin 2 gün kısalmasını sağlamıştır. Bitki boyu ve bin tane ağırlığı GA₃ dozları ile artmasına rağmen, çiçeklenme süresi, tabla çapı, bitkide tane verimi, yağ oranı, yağ verimi ve klorofil içeriği azalmıştır. Laboratuvar denemelerinde ise özellikle düşük dozlarda uygulanan GA₃ dozları tuz ve kuraklık stresinde etkili olmuştur. Tohuma 8 saat süreyle uygulanacak 50 ppm GA₃ dozunun tuz stresinin çimlenme üzerine etkisini azaltmak bakımından yararlı olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• GA3; tane verimi;yağ oranı; çimlenme; NaCl; kuraklık

Kaynakça

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